The Treaty & League

Unit 2

Lesson

Objectives

• Explain Wilson’s Fourteen Points.• Analyze the Treaty of Versailles.• Evaluate successes and failures of the League of

Nations.

Warm Up

• In what ways did the US mobilize?

Finish Lesson from last class

•US in the war and its war effort video clips and slides

“On the Homefront” -15:10

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=CF1451F3-5D44-4DC4-AE1F-D172BC5BA2B6

“Supporting the War”http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=D153E6BF-F33C-4C28-8A84-22EF80B1E4EE

Results of WWI• Social• Death• 8-10 million dead• 20 million wounded• Millions civilians die (war,

famine, disease)• Influenza Epidemic• ½ million US• 30 million worldwide

• Hatred, intolerance, nationalism• Armenian genocide

• Economic

• $350 billion• Heavy taxation • Less internatl trade• Communist Russia• US creditor nation

Results of WWI• Political• Three Euro dynasties

dethroned• New nations in C. Euro• Econ and poly

discontent• League of Nations• US world power

Wilson’s 14 Points

• Homework Review• Plan for lasting peace (1-18-1918)

1. Open treaties2. Freedom of seas3. Remove international trade barriers4. Arms reduction5. Fair colonial policies6-13. Self-determination (New Euro boundaries)14. League of Nations• Internatl council to resolve conflict & prevent wars

Think-Pair-Share

• Future predictions:• Based on Wilson’s 14 points what should

happen? • How should the Allies deal with Europe? • Are his 14 points realistic? Why or why not?

Treaty of Versailles (1919)• Big Four• US- Woodrow Wilson• GBR- David Lloyd George• FRA- Georges Clemenceau• ITL- Vittorio Orlando

• US Objective• Fair peace, better world

• Euro Allied Objectives• Punish GRM, Recoup losses,

Increase empires

Click Above for Video!

Treaty of Versailles Provisions• Territorial Changes• Resources to victors• Colonial Losses

• Disarmament• No conscription• No war industries• Small forces

• Guilt and Reparations• Responsibility• Billions for cost/damages of war

• League of Nations

Think-Pair-Share

• How does the Treaty contradict 14 Points?

• End secret negotiations- Written in secret, major nations left out!

• Self-determiniation- boundaries benefit Allies, divide some ethnicities (Austria/Germany)

• Arms reduction- reparations used to rebuild Allies militaries• Collective security- US didn’t join

US Opposition to Treaty

• Isolation vs International Cooperation• Republican Opposition• Lodge, LaFollette• Article X vs. Congressional powers

• Wilson refuses to compromise• Speaking tour, stroke and paralysis

• Treaty defeated in Congress• US signs separate agreement w/GRM

Differing Views• Arguments Against• Too harsh• Snubbed others• Wounded pride• Separated peoples• Article X in L of N• Planted seeds WW2• Nazi party used for

support of rise to power

• Arguments For• Fair treaty, not enforced

properly• Self-determination• Colonial independence• World disarmament• League of Nations

Closure

• How did the Treaty set the stage for WWII?

• Punished & humiliated Germany

• Divided ethnic groups among different boundaries

• RUS, ITL, JPN mistrust “Allies”

• Created economic conditions that bred discontent

League of Nations Activity

• Read the article on the League of Nations and complete the study guide that goes with it.