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The Time Between the The Time Between the TestamentsTestaments
Maps by David P. Barrett, used by permissionMaps by David P. Barrett, used by permission
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Macedonian Phalanx
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Alexander &Alexander &BucephalusBucephalus
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AristotleAristotle
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• King at age 20King at age 20
• League of Greek League of Greek nationsnations
• Invasion of AsiaInvasion of Asia
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• Victory at Issus
• Capture of family of Darius
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Tyre
Alexander the Great of Macedonia, 332 B.C.
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PhoenicianWarship
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• Fall of Tyre Fall of Tyre on July 29. on July 29. 332 B.C.332 B.C.
• Seven Seven month siegemonth siege
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Ezekiel 26:2-3Ezekiel 26:2-3 Son of man, because Tyre has said
concerning Jerusalem, “Aha, the gateway of the peoples is broken; it has opened to me. I shall be filled, now that she is laid waste,”
3 therefore, thus says the Lord God, “Behold, I am against you, O Tyre, and I will bring up many nations against you, as the sea brings up its waves.”
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Prophecy of TyreProphecy of Tyre• Many nations will come against Tyre (26:3).
• Her walls and towers will be broken down (26:4).
• The debris of the city will be removed (26:4).
• Nebuchadnezzar will attack (26:7).
• Stones and timbers thrown into the water (26:12).
• Tyre will be a bare rock and a place for spreading of nets (26:14).
• The city will not be rebuilt (26:14).
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• Siege of GazaSiege of Gaza
• Alexander at Alexander at JerusalemJerusalem
And when the book of Daniel was showed him, wherein Daniel declared that one of the Greeks should destroy the empire of the Persians, he supposed that himself was the person intended; and he was then glad. (Antiquities 11:8:5).
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Mosaic in Pompeii
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• Cultural interchange Cultural interchange
from east to westfrom east to west
• Scientific learningScientific learning
• HellenizationHellenization
• Greek languageGreek language
• Alexander’s deathAlexander’s death
The World ofThe World ofAlexanderAlexander
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Ptolemy
Antigonusthe one-eyed
Cassander
Seleucus
Lysimachus
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PtolemySoter
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Ptolemy II PhiladelphusPtolemy II Philadelphus
• Pharos Lighthouse Pharos Lighthouse
• Library of AlexandriaLibrary of Alexandria
• SeptuagintSeptuagint
• War with the SeleucidsWar with the Seleucids
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Antiochus III“the Great”
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Antiochus IV EpiphanesAntiochus IV Epiphanes
“Antiochus the Magnificent”
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• Hostage in Rome• Escape• Campaign against
Egypt
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• Hostage in Rome• Escape• Campaign against
Egypt• First revolt in Judah
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Antiochus imposed the following Antiochus imposed the following RegulationsRegulations
• Jews could not assemble for prayerJews could not assemble for prayer
• Observance of the Sabbath was forbiddenObservance of the Sabbath was forbidden
• Possession of the Scriptures was illegalPossession of the Scriptures was illegal
• Circumcision was illegalCircumcision was illegal
• Dietary laws illegalDietary laws illegal
• Pagan sacrifices mandatedPagan sacrifices mandated
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Ptolemy
Antiochus IV
•Maccabean Revolt
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Mattathias
Johanan JudasSimon Eleazer Jonathan
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Antiochus IV
•Maccabean Revolt•166 B.C.•Mattathias•Temple liberated
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Antiochus EpiphanesAntiochus Epiphanes• Comes on the heels of Alexander’s Comes on the heels of Alexander’s
generalsgenerals
• Magnifies itself against the Jews and Magnifies itself against the Jews and against their Godagainst their God
• He puts a stop to the sacrificial system He puts a stop to the sacrificial system and makes alterations to the Lawand makes alterations to the Law
• He attempts to overturn the truth of the He attempts to overturn the truth of the ScripturesScriptures
• He has power over the nation of IsraelHe has power over the nation of Israel
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Antiochus EpiphanesAntiochus Epiphanes• His sway over the Temple endures for His sway over the Temple endures for
approximately 3 and a half years (2300 approximately 3 and a half years (2300 mornings and evenings).mornings and evenings).
• Then the holy place is ultimately properly Then the holy place is ultimately properly restoredrestored
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Mattathias
Johanan JudasSimon Eleazer Jonathan
• Simon becomes new leaderSimon becomes new leader• Judah recognized as a free state: 142 B.C.Judah recognized as a free state: 142 B.C.• High PriestHigh Priest• Murdered by his son-in-lawMurdered by his son-in-law
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Mattathias
Johanan JudasSimon Eleazer Jonathan
JohnHyrcanus
Judah Mattathias
• John Hyrcanus becomes leader
• Samaria, Galilee & Idumea conquered
• Forced conversions of conquered peoples
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Two New Jewish PartiesTwo New Jewish Parties
• Hasidim: “The Pious Ones”Hasidim: “The Pious Ones”
– PhariseesPharisees
• Hellenists: Greek influenceHellenists: Greek influence
– SadduceesSadducees
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Mattathias
Johanan JudasSimon Eleazer Jonathan
JohnHyrcanus
Judah Mattathias
Aristobulus AlexanderJanneus
• Aristobulus: High Priest & King
• Imprisoned his mother & brothers
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Mattathias
Johanan JudasSimon Eleazer Jonathan
JohnHyrcanus
Judah Mattathias
SalomeAlexandria
Aristobulus AlexanderJanneus
Aristobulus IIHyrcanus II
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• Commissioned to clear Commissioned to clear the seas of piracythe seas of piracy
• Conquests in SyriaConquests in Syria
• Conquest of JerusalemConquest of Jerusalem
• Territorial Territorial arrangementsarrangements
PompeyPompeythe Greatthe Great
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Judea
Decapolis
Samaria
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RomanCivilWar
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Antipateras
Procurator
PhasaelPhasael
HerodHerod
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• Brutus
• Cassius
• Mark Antony
• Octavius
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Parthians
Petra
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Marc Antony
Octavius
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Herod the GreatHerod the Great
40 - 4 B.C.40 - 4 B.C.
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Zerubbabel’s TempleSeleucid AdditionHasmonean ExpansionHerod’s Temple
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AntoniaFortress
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Herodium
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Masada
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Geological Upthrust
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CaesareaCaesarea
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• Breakwater
• Sunken stones
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Herod’s Domestic Troubles
It is better to be Herod’s u`jThan to be Herod’s ui`oj
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