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THE SHOFAR: A BLAST FROM THE PAST
By: Ben Issler and Katherine Salcedo-Concepcion
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Introduction 16 instruments mentioned in the Torah Shofar appears 72 times Mentioned in the Old Testament
Most frequent instrument Instrument developed by the ancient
HebrewsSpecific manufacture instructions given by rabbiMade from Ram’s right hornSmooth HornCrescent shaped
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The Shofar
Etymology means “trumpet”
First used in Torah (Exodus 19:16,19)On Mount Sinai Camp trembled with fear
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Forms of the Shofar Ritual
Memorial of blowing of trumpets (Leviticus 23:24) Day of Atonement (Leviticus 25:9) Transfer of the Ark (2 Samuel 6:15)
War Walls of Jericho (Josh 6:4,6,8,13)
○ Symbolic meaning○ Perceived as being supernatural
Signal Commands and ceremony (1 Kings 1:34,39) Feast of New Moon (Psalm 81:3) Alarm (Ezekiel 33:3) Solomon’s Succession to the Throne (1 Kings 1:34)
Confounding Evil Solomon's prayer (1 kings 8:37, Leviticus 26:6)
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Instrumentation
Two forms:Linear ShofarYemenite Shofar
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Calls of the Shofar
Tekiah Teruah Shevarim Tekiah Gedolah Others calls
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Rosh Hashanah
Tekiah – shevarim – teruah – tekiah
Tekiah – shevarim – tekiah
Tekiah – teruah – tekiah
Numbers 10:6-8
describes these blasts
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Movie:
The Four 4 Traditional Shofar Blasts
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HkThNw210is
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Modern Representation throughout the world
Differences when it’s used Differences in how it’s made Different calls used
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Symbolism Monotheism Transcendental powers (sound of the
neshama) References in Torah to the sound God makes
while walking Part of a dominant cultural symbol During Rosh Hashanah Different sounds symbolize different meanings
TekiahTeruahShevarimTekiah Gedolah
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Oriental Fantasy
Stage performance sound clip.
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How it is used in modern Israel
Rosh Hashanah/Yom Kippur Presidency Welcoming Shabbat Holocaust
Siren sounded for two minutes on Yom Hashoah (Day of Remembrance)
Meant to match the Shofar wailShofar as a call for action
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Resources http://www.mid-east.com/Info/shofars.html The Sounding of the Shofar: David Wulstan “Accessories of Holiness”: Defining Jewish
Sacred Objects by Virginia Greene. http://www.myjewishlearning.com/holidays/
Jewish_Holidays/Rosh_Hashanah/In_the_Community/Shofar.shtml
http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13602-shofar