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The Reign of Terror
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Louis XVI tries to RUN• Louis XVI tries to ESCAPE to Austria
– June 1791, he is caught and put under house arrest
• Legislative Assembly seizes more power
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Factions of the Legislative Assembly
Radicals Moderates Conservatives
Opposed King& Monarchy
Demanded a Republic
Favored someChanges
Favored limited monarchy
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JacobinsWhat: The most radical group of reformers in France
Danton MaratRobespierre
“Louis XVI mustdie because the
nation must live!”Dec. 1792
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Legislative Assembly Declares War on Austria
• Radicals wanted to expand French Revolution to all of Europe
• Austria & Prussia thought it could help Louis XVI– warned France NOT to hurt the KING
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Anarchy in Paris
• 1792: As the Prussian troops approached Paris, people rioted—Paris fell into anarchy
• The Legislative Assembly responds:– Proposed idea of a REPUBLIC– The King was “deposed”– Dissolved itself & set aside Constitution– Called for “new” elections– Sans-culottes lead way to victory
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National Convention
• What: a new assembly elected in France• mostly middle class (only 70 of 750 are nobles/clergy)
• Different political factions fight for POWER
• Foreign Powers threaten Paris (Prussia, Austria etc..)• Great Britain, Holland & Spain join fight against France
• National Convention orders a draft into the army
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Louis XVI Executed• Jacobins put Louis XVI on
trial for treason
• He is sentenced to death– January 1793 he is executed
“Louis XVI mustdie because the
nation must live!”Dec. 1792
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Maximilien Robespierre
• Assumes leadership of Jacobins
• Believed force & violence were needed to “wipe out” all evidence of France’s monarchy
• Sought to create a “Republic of Virtue”
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A Republic of Virtue or Reign of Terror?
Primary Source Reading Analysis
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Committee of Public Safety
• 12 person committee elected by National Convention
• Robespierre becomes a virtual dictator– July 1793-July 1794
• Execute people viewed as threat to Republic– People often related to monarchy or nobility
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National Assembly (1789)
Legislative Assembly (1791)
War with Austria & Prussia (1792)
National Convention
Radicals declare Republic & execute King (1793)
The Reign of Terror (1793-94)
Road toTerror
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Video Continued
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Stages of RevolutionStage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5 Stage 6
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Reign of Terror
• 1-Year in Length– July 1793 - July 1794
• Robespierre’s execution marks end– July 1794
• 3,000 executed in Paris– Up to 40,000 total deaths
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The Directory
• After Reign of Terror => National Convention forms a new legislative body: The Directory
• Directory puts Napoleon in charge of Army
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Revolution: 1789-1794 Was it worth it?
PhilosophesNational Assembly
LegislativeAssembly
NationalConvention
ReignOf Terror
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Marie Antoinette’sLast Words?