Download - The Present Subjunctive
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The Present Subjunctive
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The SubjunctiveUp to now you have been
using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events.
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The SubjunctiveAprendo francés para mi
viaje.
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The SubjunctiveSpanish has another way
of using verbs called the subjunctive mood.
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The SubjunctiveWe use it to say what one
person does or doesn’t want, tell, suggest, or recommend someone else to do.
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The SubjunctiveA sentence that includes
the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que.
For example:
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The SubjunctiveRecomendamos que Uds.
hablen con un agente de viajes.
We recommend that you speak with a travel agent.
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The Subjunctive¿Quiere Ud. que
escribamos nuestros nombres en las maletas?
Do you want us to write our names on our suitcases?
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The SubjunctiveNote that the subjunctive
sentences have two parts, each with a different subject, connected by the word que:
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2 Clauses
Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés
Independent clause(stands on its own)Subject > Verb
Separated by the word “que”
Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own)Begins with the word “que.”
Indicative Verb
Subjunctive Verb
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The SubjunctiveThe first subject uses the
present indicative verb (recommendation, suggestion, prohibition, and so on) + que and the second subject uses the present subjunctive verb (what should happen).
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The SubjunctiveVerbs that are often follewed by
que + subjunctive: Decir Insistir en Necesitar Permitir Preferir (e > ie)
Prohibir Querer (e > ie) Recomendar (e > ie) Sugerir (e > ie)
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The SubjunctiveWe form the present
subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form negative tú commands.
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The SubjunctiveWe drop the -o of the
present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.
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The SubjunctiveFor -ar verbs:e, es, e, emos, éis, enFor -er/-ir verbs:a, as, a, amos, áis, an
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HABLAR
hable
hables
hable
hablemos
habléis
hablen
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COMER
coma
comas
coma
comamos
comáis
coman
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VIVIR
viva
vivas
viva
vivamos
viváis
vivan
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The SubjunctiveThe present subjunctive has
the same spelling changes and irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú commands and Ud./Uds. commands.
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Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
As in negative commands, irregular verbs that add a “g” to the stem in the present-tense yo form also have a “g” in the present subjunctive.
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Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
caersedecirhacerponersalir
tenertraer
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Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
hacer hag-o haga
tener teng-o tenga
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LLEGAR (g > gu)
llegue
llegues
llegue
lleguemos
lleguéis
lleguen
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HACER
haga
hagas
haga
hagamos
hagáis
hagan
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Irregular Verbs in the Subjunctive
P. 413Realidades 2
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Irregular Verbs in the Subjunctive
Memorize this acronym:
DISHES
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Irregular Verbs in the Subjunctive
D DarI IrS SerH HaberE EstarS Saber
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DARdé
des
dé
demos
deis
den
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IRvaya
vayas
vaya
vayamos
vayáis
vayan
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SERsea
seas
sea
seamos
seáis
sean
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HABERhaya
hayas
haya
hayamos
hayáis
hayan
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ESTAResté
estés
esté
estemos
estéis
estén
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SABERsepa
sepas
sepa
sepamos
sepáis
sepan
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The Present Perfect of the Subjunctive
Realidades 3
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Ejemplos: Present Perfect:
He estudiado por tres horas.…. haya estudiado por tres horas.
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Haber He Has Ha Hemos Han
Hay Hubo Había Ha habido
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Haber- Present Subjunctive
1. Yo: Hay2. Haber– el verbo. Add opposite
endings: -a, -as, -a, -amos, -an3. Haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayan
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Past Participle
Ejemplo: Hablado, Comido, Vivido1. Infinitive2. Drop ending3. Add: -ado for “-ar” verbs; -ido for “-er/-
ir” Verbos irregulares Verbos con acentos
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Not exactly irregular but…
-er and –ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel have past participles ending in –ído
caer → caído creer → creídoleer → leído oír → oídoreír → reído traer → traído
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IrregularsThe following verbs have irregular past participles ending in –to:
abrir → abierto cubrir → cubiertodescubrir → descubierto escribir → escritomorir → muerto poner → puestoromper → roto ver → visto
volver → vuelto
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More irregulars
These verbs have irregular past participles ending in –cho:
decir → dichohacer → hecho
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Present Perfect of the Subjunctive
Haya trabajado
Hayas trabajado
Haya trabajado
Hayamos trabajado
Hayáis trabajado
Hayan trabajado
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Present Perfect of the Subjunctive
The present perfect subjunctive refers to actions or situations that may have occurred before the action of the main verb.
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Also Called Past Subjunctive
Perfect Subjunctive
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Used Used when a verb or expression
requires the subjunctive With the same type of clauses as the
present subjunctive When the dependent clause is in the
past.
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Normally to indicate the action as completed (when the verb in the past)
Example: Dudo que lo hagas. – I doubt you’ll do it.
Dudo que lo hayas hecho.- I doubt you did it.
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Present Perfect of the Subjunctive
Me alegro de que hayas trabajado de voluntario.
I´m glad that you have worked as a volunteer.
Estoy orgullosa de que Julián haya trabajado en el centro de rehabilitación.
I am proud that Julian has worked in the rehabilitation center.
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Present Perfect of the Subjunctive
Ojalá que ellos hayan juntado mucho dinero.
I hope that they have collected a lot of money.
Siento que no hayan participado en la campaña.
I´m sorry that you haven´t participated in the campaign.