![Page 1: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Periodic Table
Chapter 4
![Page 2: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic
Table
![Page 3: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Development of the Periodic Table Early man was familiar with a few elements.◦ Gold and Silver were used for coins.
◦ Copper, Tin and Iron were used for weapons.
![Page 4: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Dmitri Mendeleev Russian Chemist. Published the first version of the Periodic Table in 1896.
![Page 5: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass.
He noticed that the properties of the elements seemed to repeat in a pattern.
![Page 6: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
He placed the elements onto a table.
He kept the same properties in vertical columns called “Groups”.
![Page 7: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
He left blanks for elements that had yet to be discovered.
He predicted the properties of those elements.
This led to their discovery.
![Page 9: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Henry Moseley English Physicist Improved upon Mendeleev’s work in 1913.
Ordered the Periodic Table by Atomic Number.
![Page 10: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Page 100
![Page 11: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Today’s Periodic Table Periodic – Repeating in a pattern.
![Page 12: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Groups Groups – the vertical columns in the table.◦ Numbered 1 – 18.
![Page 13: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Periods
Periods – The horizontal rows in the table.◦ Numbered 1 – 7.
![Page 15: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Atomic Number Atomic Number – the number of protons in the nucleus.
The largest (font size) whole number in the square on the Periodic Table of Elements.
![Page 17: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Chemical Symbol Chemical Symbol – The shorthand way to write the name of an element.
The first letter is always capitalized, the following letter(s) is lower case.
![Page 20: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Used the first letter if it was available.
Used the second letter if the first was already taken.
If the first two letters were taken, then a different second letter is taken out of the name.
![Page 21: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Some elements were discovered when Latin or Greek was the official language of science.◦ They use the letters from the Latin version.
◦ Sodium – Na
![Page 22: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Some were named after famous people, or places.
![Page 23: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Mass Number Mass Number – the sum of the number of Protons and Neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
It is found by rounding the Average Atomic Mass to a whole number.
![Page 26: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Zones on the Periodic Table Representative Elements – Groups 1, 2, 13 – 18.
Transition Elements – Groups 3 – 12.
Inner Transition Elements – Lanthanide and Actinide Series.
![Page 29: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Metals Most are solids at room temperature.
Only one is a liquid at room temperature -Mercury
![Page 31: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Most are shiny ( Luster ), good conductors, can be pounded ( Malleable ), and can be drawn into wires ( Ductile ).
Found to the left of the “Stair-Step Line”.
![Page 32: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Nonmetals Most are gases or brittle solids at room temperature.
Most do not conduct heat nor electricity well.
Found to the right of the “Stair-Step Line”
![Page 34: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Metalloids They have properties of both metals and nonmetals
Found along the “Stair-Step Line”
![Page 36: The Periodic Table Chapter 4. 4 – 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062313/56649cc55503460f9498efdb/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)