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The Newborn Chapter 6
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Terms to Know Neonate
Intensive care nursery (ICN)
Neonatal intensive care units (NICU)
Brazelton scale
Pediatrician
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Jaundice
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
Reflexes
Rooting reflex
Well-baby checkup
Colic
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Medical Care & Testing Premature Babies
1. Placed in intensive care nursery
2. Stay in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs)-heated, enclosed beds
3. Neonatology-refers to the care, development, & diseases of newborns
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Brazelton scale
Also called the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale
Helps spot problems as early as possible
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Test in 4 areas1. Interaction with environment-alertness
& cuddliness
2. Motor processes-activity level & reflexes
3. Control of physical state; self-quieting behaviors
4. Response to stress
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Pediatricians
Doctor of infants & children who runs other tests
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Anemia
Low level of
oxygen-carrying substances
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PKU
a disease that can cause mental retardation
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ess.sunysb.edu/tracy/pkupage.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.ess.sunysb.edu/tracy/pku.html&h=474&w=685&sz=6&tbnid=Y_WgMTJBYIwJ:&tbnh=94&tbnw=135&start=11&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpku%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8
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Jaundice
skin looks yellow-liver is immature
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Well-baby checkup
scheduled within first few weeks
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Size
7 lbs., 20 inches long
May lose weight right after birth
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Body Proportion Look out of proportion compared to adults
Head is very large; ¼ total length
Chest is rounded
Stomach protrudes
Legs very short, drawn up & bowed
Almost no neck
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Face
Broad, flat nose
Tiny chin
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Cranium
Fontanels (soft spots) where skull is not closed; allows brain to grow
Closes between 1-2 years
Head may appear egg shaped from birth process-disappears within weeks
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Skin
Thin & dry
Blotchy
May develop rash which disappears in a week
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Eyes
Appear HUGE
Color often blue-gray; eye color develops around 6 months
No tears until 3 months
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Reflexes
Automatic responses; some needed for survival
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Meeting Physical Needs
Feeding1. Nutritional needs are very
important, because a newborn is growing so quickly
2. Breast-feeding is the preferred method
3. 12 months is recommended
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Advantages
Passes mother’s immunities to baby
1. Baby isn’t overfed
2. Saves time & money
3. Reduces allergies, ear infections & possibly SIDS and diabetes
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Some mother’s need to or choose to formula-feed
1.Always use commercially-prepared formula; no cow’s milk until 1 year
2.Always hold & cuddle when feeding; NEVER prop the bottle
3.Throw away unfinished formula
4.Baby needs to be burped after feeding
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Clothing & Dressing
Clothing needs to be comfortable, easy to put on & take off, easy to launder and suitable for the weather and safe
It should be flame-retardant & have secure fasteners & trims
Infants outgrow their clothing quickly, so they don’t need too much
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Diapering
Both cloth & disposable have advantages & disadvantages
Consider cost & convenience
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Bathing Give sponge baths until the navel heels (about 3 weeks)
Wash baby’s face first, or “clean to dirty”
NEVER leave the baby alone- EVEN FOR A SECOND
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Sleeping
Baby’s average 17 hours a day
Do NOT put pillows or stuffed toys in the crib until at least 1 year old
Always place them on their BACK until 1 year old to reduce the risk of SIDS
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Exercising
It is important for muscle development, coordination & relaxation
A good opportunity for “bonding” with baby
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Scheduling Feeding on demand is recommended
Meeting their needs helps them develop trust
You can’t spoil them in their first 6 months
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Meeting Intellectual Needs
Parents are a child’s first teachers
Research shows us that baby’s learn through their SENSES (eyes, ears, mouth, fingers)
They learn by imitation or copying others
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Helping Babies Learn Watch for their quiet, alert state
They will fuss or turn away if over stimulated or bored
Cuddle, talk to, sing to, give them things to look at (mobiles), and things to grasp
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Meeting Social-Emotional Needs All are individuals & differ in their alertness &
fussiness
Colic is a condition with intense abdominal pain
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Meeting Parent’s Needs
Need for rest
Need to organize
Need to be with other adults