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The Muscular System
Skeletal & Muscular Systems - video
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Your Muscular Body• Your muscles are responsible
for every move you make:– Blinking, breathing, running and
lifting.
• Muscle make up about 40% of your body mass.
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Muscle Types
• Two Kinds:1. Involuntary muscles
• Not under our conscious control (breathing, heart beating, digestion)
2. Voluntary muscles• Under our conscious control (smiling, bending or standing)
• Muscle is make up of muscle tissue. – Three kinds: Skeletal, Smooth, and Cardiac
• Each type is specialized to perform a different function in the body.
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Muscle Types
1. Skeletal Muscle (Striated)A. Attached to the bones of your skeleton by
tendons used for movement.i. Pulls on bones to make the body move.ii. Voluntary – you control them.
B. Made up of long, thin cells that each contain more than one nucleus.
i. Biceps, triceps, and quadriceps.
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Skeletal Muscle
Muscle FibersNucleus
Striations
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Muscle Types
2. Smooth MuscleA. Located in the internal organs of the body:
i. Stomach, intestines, kidney, and liver.a. Movement of food through the digestive systemb. Movement of blood through blood vessels
ii. Involuntary – you don’t control them.
B. Made up of spindle-shaped cells that contain only one nucleus.
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Smooth Muscle
Smooth MuscleFiber
Nucleus
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Muscle Types
3. Cardiac MuscleA. Found ONLY in the heart!B. Has characteristics in common with both smooth
and skeletal muscle:i. Like smooth, it’s involuntary – no control ii. Like skeletal, it’s striated
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Cardiac Muscle
CardiacMuscle Fibers
Nucleus
Striations
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Muscles and Movement
• Skeletal muscles are held to bone by tendons.– Tendons allow the muscles to pull on the bones
and move the body.
• The pull of a muscle on a bone is called a contraction. – This causes the muscle to get thicker and shorter.
• Because muscles can ONLY contract they must work in pairs to complete an opposite movement, relax.
Simulation – bicep/tricep
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Triceps Muscle - Contraction/Relaxation
Hinge Joint