The Knowledge Grid The Knowledge Grid MethodologyMethodology
Concepts,Concepts, Principles and Principles and PracticePractice
Hai Zhuge
China Knowledge Grid Research Group
Chinese Academy of Sciences
QuestionsQuestions
What is the semantics in the future interconnection environment?
What is the knowledge in the future interconnection environment?
What is the Knowledge Grid ?What is the Semantic Grid ?
KnowledgeKnowledgeKnowledge in nature is a product of societyInternet offers great social opportunities for
knowledge generation and sharing
Recognizing the nature, source and principles of knowledge is essential to realizing effective machine-enabled knowledge services
Professional Knowledge
Commonsense Expert Knowledge
The Knowledge GridThe Knowledge GridWorldwide knowledge creation,
evolution, inheritance, and sharing in a world of humans, roles and machines
Semantics, Knowledge and GridSemantics, Knowledge and Grid
Knowledge
Semantics
Computing
GridInternet
Semantic GridSemantic Web
Knowledge Grid
Basis for knowledge
sharing
What is What is the Knowledge Gridthe Knowledge Grid??
An intelligent and sustainable Internet application environment that enables people or roles to effectively capture, publish, share and manage explicit knowledge resources. It– provides on-demand services to support innovation,
teamwork, problem-solving and decision making– incorporates epistemology and ontology to reflect human
cognition characteristics– exploits social, ecological and economic principles– adopts the techniques and standards developed during
work toward the next-generation web
Features of Knowledge GridFeatures of Knowledge Grid Virtual feature
– The Grid is not the unique underlying infrastructure
Social feature– An artificial environment can only be
effective when it works harmoniously with its society
Adaptive feature– Self-adaptive like ecosystem
Semantic feature– It works on a interconnection semantic
overlay
XML, XMLSRDF, RDFS
OWLRIF
Reasoning
Applications
Interconnection S
emantics
Advanced Applications
Distinctive Characteristics of the Distinctive Characteristics of the Knowledge GridKnowledge Grid
Single semantic entry point access to worldwide knowledge
Intelligently clustered, fused distributed knowledge
Single semantic image Worldwide complete knowledge service Dynamic evolution of knowledge
Synergy Epistemology and OntologySynergy Epistemology and Ontology
Ontology– Concerns: what is, and the kinds and structures of the
objects, properties and relations in every area of reality– Reflects consensus
Epistemology– Reflects differences
Ontology
Epistemology Epistemology
Understand each other?
Synergy Normalization and Synergy Normalization and AutonomyAutonomy
Normalization– Correctness– Accuracy– e.g., Relational Data Model
Autonomy– Equality– Scalability
Normalized Semantic Model
P2P networking
RSM
Knowledge Grid Applications
H.Zhuge, Resource Space Grid: Model, Method and Platform, Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, 16(14) (2004)1385-1413
RSM
Adopt System MethodologyAdopt System Methodology
Create a dissipative structure to self-upgrading– H.Zhuge, Eco-Grid: A Harmoniously Evolved Interconnection
Environment, Communications of the ACM, Sept. 2004
Hypercycle: a natural self-organization– knowledge are processed by and flows through
individuals to organize and self-evolve– H.Zhuge, Discovery of Knowledge Flow in Science,
Communications of the ACM, 2006
KnowledgeKnowledge Flows through Semantic, Trust, Selfish and Flows through Semantic, Trust, Selfish and
Unselfish SpacesUnselfish Spaces
Link network
Trust Space
Selfish Space Unselfish Space
Knowledge Space
Semantic space
PrinciplePrinciple
Integrity and uniformityHierarchical principleOpen principleSelf-organization principleCompetition and
cooperationOptimization principleSustainable development
Research IssuesResearch Issues Theories, models, methods and mechanisms
for knowledge capture and representation Knowledge display and creation Propagation and management of knowledge
within virtual organization Knowledge organization, evaluation,
refinement and derivation Knowledge integration Abstraction Scalable network platform
TechnologiesTechnologies
Internet Technologies
Data Model Grid Semantic Web Web Services
Information Processing Technologies System Methodology
AI The Knowledge Grid
New Organization Model New Computing Model
Principles of Relevant Disciplines
New Software Methodology
From Micro to MacroFrom Micro to Macro
Micro Knowledge Grid – For personal knowledge management
Team Knowledge Grid– For team knowledge management and sharing
Macro Knowledge Grid– For global knowledge sharing
A macro Knowledge Grid is more powerful than the sum of micro Knowledge Grids
Test CriteriaTest Criteria
Effective knowledge service– e.g., response time
Quality of knowledge servicesSelf-evolution ability
– whether services could be improved during useOn average, a Knowledge Grid should
perform better than other systems in 70% of tests
More than 900 cavesMore than 900 cavesOver 1500 years’ historyOver 1500 years’ history
Wall-paintings, Statues, CalligraphiesWall-paintings, Statues, Calligraphies
Dunhuang Culture Grid
Cave Content SpaceCave Content Space
Dynasty
Resource Type Artifact
Type
Content
Cave
Semantic Link
Links
Classification semantics
Link semantics
CaveGrid400
CaveGrid2
CaveGrid3
CaveGrid4
CaveGrid1
Researchers
Visitors
Cave Makers
Information / Knowledge Grid
Natural Cave Semantic Grid