Download - The Knee Joint
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The Knee JointAnatomy and Physiology of
Human Movement420:050
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Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements
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Knee Joint Large joint Complex ligamentous structures Femoral condyles articulate with tibial condyles Medial/lateral tibial condyles (aka plateaus) – act
as receptacles for femoral condyles Relatively stable joint despite injuries
Ligaments Menisci Quadriceps and hamstrings
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Modified from Anthony CP, Kolthoff NJ: Textbook of anatomy and physiology, ed 9, St. Louis, 1975, Mosby.
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Modified from Anthony CP, Kolthoff NJ: Textbook of anatomy and physiology, ed 9, St. Louis, 1975, Mosby.
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Bones and Bony Landmarks Tibia:
Bears weight Fibula:
Serves as the attachment sight Does not articulate with femur or patella Not part of knee joint
Patella: Sesamoid bone imbedded in patellar tendon Improves mechanical advantage in knee extension
Bony landmarks same as the hip joint
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Lateral femoral epicondyle Medial femoral
epicondyle
Patella
Tibial tuberosity
Head of fibula
Lateral tibial condyle
Medial tibial condyle
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Joint Knee joint
Diarthrodial uniaxial hinge joint Movements Planes and axes
Patellofemoral joint Diarthrodial nonaxial gliding joint Gliding nature of patella on femoral
condyles
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Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements
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Muscles Quadriceps
Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius
Hamstrings Biceps femoris Semimembranosus Semitendinosus
Sartorius Gracilis Popliteus Gastrocnemius
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Rectus Femoris
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Vastus Medialis
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Vastus Lateralis
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Vastus Intermedius
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Biceps Femoris
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Semimembranosus
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Semitendinosus
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Sartorius
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Gracilis
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Popliteus
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Gastrocnemius
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Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements
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Movements Flexion
Bending or decreasing angle between femur and shin
Extension Straightening or increasing
angle between femur and shin
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Movements External rotation
Rotary movement of leg laterally away from midline
Internal rotation Rotary movement of lower leg
medially toward midline Neither will occur unless flexed
20-30 degrees or more
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LINE OF PULL
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FLEXION Bending or decreasing angle between femur and shin
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Popliteus
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FLEXION
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FLEXION Biceps femoris Semimebranosus Semitendinosus Sartorius Gracilis Popliteus Gastrocnemius
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EXTENSION Straightening or increasing angle between femur and
shin
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EXTENSION
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EXTENSION Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius