Download - The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
HYPOTHALAMUS
PITUITARYNuniala. Rojas. Aranjuez. Lara. Malimban. Villedo
10 - Einstein
HYPOTHALAMUS
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HYPOTHALAMUS
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HYPOTHALAMUS
PITUITARY GLAND
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PITUITARY GLAND
• Controls other endocrine glands
and body’s hormonal response to
environment
• Has 2 parts: anterior and posterior
PITUITARY GLAND
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PITUITARY GLAND
• Secrete human growth hormone (hGH),aka somatotropin, which stimulates tissues to secrete hormones that stimulate body growth and regulate metabolism.
PITUITARY GLAND• Secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and
luteinizing hormone (LH), which both act on the gonads. They stimulate the secretion of estrogenand progesterone, maturation of egg cells in the ovaries, and stimulate sperm production and secretion of testosterone in the testes.
PITUITARY GLAND
• Secrete prolactin (PRL), which initiates milk production in the mammary glands.
PITUITARY GLAND
• Secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids (like cortisol). Also secretes melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH).
PITUITARY GLAND
• Secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which controls secretions of the thyroid gland.
• Human-growth hormone (hGH)- Tissues- Stimulates tissue growth in the liver, muscles, bones, as
well as protein synthesis, tissue repair, and elevation of blood glucose levels.
• Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)- Thyroid gland- Stimulates thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormones.
• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)- Ovaries and testes (gonads)
- Stimulates development of oocytes (immature egg cells) and secretion of estrogen in females; stimulates sperm production in the testes in males.
• Luteinizing hormone (LH)- Ovaries and testes (gonads)
- Stimulates secretion of estrogen and progesterone, including during ovulation, in females; stimulates testes to produce testosterone in males.
• Prolactin (PRL)- Mammary glands- Stimulates milk production.
• Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)- Adrenal cortex- Stimulates secretion of glucocorticoids (cortisol) by the
adrenal cortex during the body’s response to stress.
• Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
- Brain
- When in excess, can cause darkening of the skin; may influence brain activity (its exact role unknown—there is very little MSH in humans).
2. Posterior Lobe
(Neurohypophysis) •This lobe stores and releases only two hormones
Oxytocin (OT), aka the "love" drug• Secretes in response to uterine
distention and stimulation of the nipples.
• Stimulates smooth muscle contractions of the uterus during childbirth, as well as milk ejection in the mammary glands.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), or
vasopressin• Secretes in response to dehydration, blood
loss, pain, stress; inhibitors of ADH secretion
include high blood volume and alcohol.
• Decreases urine volume to conserve water,
decreases water loss through sweating,
raises blood pressure by constricting
arterioles
Pituitary disorders
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Pituitary disorders
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