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The global in situ and satelliteobserving system and issues
Albert Fischer, Ed Harrison, Pierre-Yves Le Traon, J-L Fellous
GODAE-OOPC OSE and OSSE meetingParis, France, 5-7 November 2007
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OOPC
• A panel of GCOS, GOOS, WCRP; advice to JCOMM
• Recommendations for a global system that provides data and information for climate monitoring and forecasting, assessment, and research
• including recommendations on phased implementation• strategies for evaluation and evolution of the system and its
recommendations• supporting observing system activities through liaison and advocacy for
agreed plans
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Recommendations
October 2004
September 2006
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Recommendations call for
• Global in situ observing networks– Argo profiling float network (maintain 3° network)– GLOSS/GCOS tide gauge network– DBCP surface drifting buoys (maintain 5° network)– OceanSITES reference moorings and transport monitoring sites– Volunteer Observing Ship (surface met) and Ship of Opportunity Programme
XBT lines– Ocean carbon: VOS, hydrography, time series
• global satellite observations– SST, altimetry (mix of orbits/resolutions), surface vector wind, colour, ice
• data systems• generation of products and information
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System status (two-day snapshot)
JCOMM Observations Programme Area
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Performance monitoring (density of buoy network)
JCOMM Observations Programme Area
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Tropical moored buoys
• TAO/TRITON sustained• PIRATA Extensions implemented• Indian Ocean Array getting started
JCOMM Observations Programme Area
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Argo: 3000
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41 of 51 UOT XBT lines now occupied910 VOS reporting at least 25 obs/month
JCOMM Observations Programme Area
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JCOMM Observations Programme Area
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Deploying and maintaining 89 Ocean Reference Stations(42 now in service)
NOAA ContributionsFuture NOAAFuture NSF OOI
ITF and MOVEin transition to NOAA
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38% complete
Measuring Ocean Carbon Sources and Sinks
1. Inventory 10-year survey2. Ships of opportunity3. Moored buoy time series
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CEOS Assessment: the case for satellite altimetry
141312111009080706050403020100
ERS-2/RA
GODAE
ENVISAT/RA-2
TOPEX/Poséidon
Jason-1 Jason-2
SARAL
Sentinelle-3
CRYOSAT-2
End of lifeIn orbit Approved Planned/Decision pending
Data gap?
Data gapERS-1
Signature of a Jason-2 agreement by CNES, EUMETSAT, NASA and NOAA
GFO NPOESS
Jason-3?Data gap?
IPYHY-2
WSOA?
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CEOS Assessment of ocean Essential Climate Variables
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CEOS Virtual Constellations
• New implementation framework– To inspire and facilitate commitments aimed at harmonizing observations within CEOS members– To move CEOS discussions and agendas away from the general to the specific, based on
agreed standards and minimum requirements (technical and institutional)
• Four Prototype Constellations– Land Surface Imaging– Ocean Surface Topography– Global Precipitation Mission– Atmospheric Composition
• Study Teams established for each Constellation• GEO Task DA-07-03 “Virtual constellations”
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How are the recommendations fixed?
• Alchemy of:– sustained observations needed to answer a pressing scientific question– technologically feasible to deploy globally– interest of funding agencies– building the consensus of the community to move forward in systems
approach
• Thus far based largely on expert judgment
• ‘State of the Ocean’ site beginning exploration of key climate indices and error
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http://ioc.unesco.org/oopc/
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• 10 years since OceanObs’99 (San Rafael): 21-25 September 2009, Venice, Italy
• Celebrate achievement: strong growth in routine and systematic observations of the world’s oceans
• Emphasize benefits for science, society• Sell the need to sustain the system• Revisit current recommendations• New opportunities
– biogeochemical state of the oceans– status of marine ecosystems
• http://www.oceanobs09.net
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Challenges
• Sustaining the in situ and satellite networks– proving value for climate science and forecasting– proving value for ocean forecasting– proving value for society
• Your work will help us do that– invite you to consider this as a first step– What further evaluations/experiments can be done?– Are you willing and able to do them?– When would it be valuable to meet again?