1 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
The Global Electricity Network
CIGRE Feasibility study Gérald Sanchis
Secretary of CIGRE C1.35
Berlin – 24 October 2017
2 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Renewable Energy Sources in the World
2015 23950 TWh
5700 GW
3 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Location of the demand
2015 23950 TWh
5700 GW
2015
600M
400M 1200M
700M
4500M
4 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Opportunity for interconnections ?
5 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
In 2016, CIGRE (International Council on Large Electric Systems) launched a WG to carry out the first known feasibility study by grid experts from countries of all continents, on the technical challenges, potential benefits, economic viability, fit with global energy policies and environmental impact for the concept of a global electricity network.
The WG should adopt one reference long term scenario for consumption and supply volumes, which shall be credible, prudent, consistent with the global climate protection goals of 2 ton CO2
equivalent emissions per person and per year.
The WG C1.35 should use as much as possible available data from past international studies.
Opportunity for interconnections ?
6 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Why a global grid ?
To take advantage of the diversity of consumption load patterns: – Due to the different time zones, – Due to the different seasons.
To take advantage of the high potential RES basins in the
world – Due to the location. – Due to the generation capacity of PV according to the time of the day.
To decrease the reserve capacity in each region by pooling reserves across regions.
7 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Summer
Winter
0
200
400
600
800
0200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
0
200
400
600
Present 2050 GW
GW
GW
GW
To take advantage of the diversity of consumption load patterns: – Due to the different seasons. – Due to the different time zones,
Why a global grid ?
8 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Season demand: now
0100200300400500600700
0
200
0100200300400500600700800900
1000
0
100
0500
100200300400500
summer
winter
9 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Season demand: 2050
summer
winter
0100200300400500600700800900
1000
0100200300400500600
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
0100200300400500600700800
10 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Europe USA
Similar load patterns but with a time shift of 6-8 hours.
The demand variation with time zones
11 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
1184
1628
1184
1628
578 560 560
420
613 595 560
420
1050
744 648
1050
805
2794 2878 2914
2824 3003
2617
2829 2794 2878 2914
400
900
1400
1900
2400
2900
19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4
Summer day (GMT) load patterns (GW) for East Asia+Europe+AdN
4, East Asia 9, Europe 1, North America global
925
1369
925
1369
578
805
788
823
578 788
858
700
858
788
858
2483
2578
2737
3032 2997
2535 2488
2737
400
900
1400
1900
2400
2900
3400
19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4
Winter day (GMT) load patterns (GW) for East Asia+Europe+AdN
4, East Asia 9, Europe 1, North America global
2050 load patterns in Europe, North America, East Asia and the addition.
The demand variation with time zones
12 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Why a global grid ?
To take advantage of the diversity of consumption load patterns: – Due to the different time zones, – Due to the different seasons.
To take advantage of the high potential RES basins in the
world – Due to the location. – Due to the generation capacity of PV according to the time of the day.
To decrease the reserve capacity in each region by pooling reserves across regions.
13 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Wind potential worldwide
Annual potential per country.
On-shore Off-shore
14 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Annual potential
Daily effect
Solar potential worldwide
15 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Tasks of the WG CIGRE C1.35
Data gathering and adjustment of input data – Hypothesis: by 2050, adequacy of each zone/continent (no needs for interconnections) – Use of energy data coming from WEC study (World Energy scenarios 2050).
Ajustment necessary for adequacy.
Load flow simulation with investment loop
– The feasibility study should demonstrate an increase of the net social welfare from the interconnectors, by replacement of generation capacities.
List of profitable interconnections between zones/continents.
16 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Tasks of the WG CIGRE C1.35 example of simulation in Europe (Antares tool)
17 Global Electricity Network | 7th Solar Integration Workshop | Berlin | 24 October 2017
Regions used by CIGRE C1.35
Achievement by end of 2018.
