The Early Cold War
& Civil Rights Unit 11
Chapters 25-28
A rivalry and difference in ideology between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.
which stopped short of direct military intervention. It was verbal warfare. The goal was to get as
many countries on our side as they had on theirs.
The Cold War (1945-1991)
Mutual Mistrust 1. Ideological
2. Conflict of Interests
Mutual Mistrust �From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the continent.�
-Churchill March 1946
US Cold War Philosophy: Containment
George F. Kennan
Containment in Practice: The Truman Doctrine
1. $400 million in aid to Greece & Turkey
2. Support for free people fighting oppression
The Marshall Plan
George Marshall Marshall Plan Poster
$17 billion
16 nations
1948-
1952
Crisis in Berlin - 6/1948
Crisis in Berlin - 6/1948 Berlin Airlift
NATO
Dwight Eisenhower 1949
NATO
Dwight Eisenhower 1949 Warsaw Pact - 1955
An Arms Race
Aug. 29, 1949
In present day Kazakhstan
Nov. 1, 1952
On Eniwetok Atoll in the Marshall
Islands
Cold War in Asia
China
Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong
Vs.
Cold War in Asia Korea
38th parallel Kim Il Sung
Syngman Rhee
Korean War 1950-1953
MacArthur
Eisenhower & the Cold War
Eisenhower & Dulles
• �Brinkmanship�
• �Massive retaliation�
“A New Look”
Eisenhower & the Cold War
• Korean Armistice - 1953
• Fall of Indochina - 1954
-Ho Chi Minh & Dienbienphu
• Division of Vietnam
Eisenhower & the Cold War
Sputnik - 1957
• NASA
• NDEA
Eisenhower & the Cold War
Batista Castro
Jan. 1959
CUBAN
REVOLUTION
Eisenhower & the Cold War U-2 Incident
May 1, 1960 - the end of �peaceful coexistence�
Kennedy & the Cold War Flexible Response
Kennedy & the Cold War The Bay of Pigs Invasion
April 1961
Kennedy & the Cold War
Berlin Wall Aug. 1961
Kennedy & the Cold War The Cuban Missile Crisis
October 1962
1.The Second Red Scare Smith Act of 1940
• Dennis et al v. US (1951)
Loyalty-Security Program
• 1947
HUAC
The Hollywood Ten
The Second Red Scare The Hiss Case (1948)
Whittaker Chambers
Richard Nixon Alger Hiss HUAC
The Second Red Scare The Rosenberg Case – (1950)
Ethel & Julius
The Second Red Scare
Joseph McCarthy Margaret Chase Smith
2. Fear of a Nuclear War
Federal Civil
Defense Act
Fear of Nuclear War
3. An Increase in Defense Spending
NationalHighway Act - 1956
Election of 1948
Truman - D Thurmond - Dixiecrat
Dewey - R
Truman�s Fair Deal 1. Raise minimum wage
2. Extend social security
3. Federal aid to K-12 schools
4. Expand civil rights legislation
5. National health care plan
The Election of 1952
Dwight Eisenhower Adlai Stevenson
Dynamic Conservatism Goals
1. Reduce size of government
2. Balance Budget
3. Cut taxes & Spending
The Affluence of the 1950s
The Television Revolution
The GI Bill - 1944
The Baby Boom
Baby Boom & Youth Culture
Suburbanization
Levittown � 1950s
The �Other� America
Galbraith �The Affluent Society�
Election of 1960
Kennedy Nixon
The New Frontier 1. Fight Poverty
2. Federal Aid to Education
3. Health Care for Elderly
4. Civil Rights
The Kennedy Assassination
Nov. 22, 1963
Lyndon Johnson
�The Johnson Treatment�
LBJ�s Great Society 1. Economic Opportunities Act (1964)
a. VISTA b. Neighborhood Youth Corps c. Head Start d. Neighborhood Legal Services e. Office of Economic Opportunity
LBJ�s Great Society 2. The Elementary & Secondary
Education Act (1965) 3. Medical Care Act (1965)
a. Medicare b. Medicaid
4. Immigration Act of 1965
LBJ�s Great Society
The Modern Civil Rights Movement
Jackie Robinson (1947)
The Modern Civil Rights Movement
Executive Order 9981 (1948)
Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s
Brown vs. Board of Education - (1954)
Linda Brown Marshall
Warren
Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s
The Little Rock Nine (1957)
Orval Faubus Central High
Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955)
Rosa Parks Martin L. King, Jr. SCLC (1957)
Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s Civil Rights Act of 1957
Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s Greensboro Sit-in
Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963)
March on Washington
Aug. 28, 1963
24th Amendment (1964)
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Civil Rights Act of 1968
Black Power
Malcolm X Stokely Carmichael
Huey Newton & Bobby Seale
The Black Panthers