Download - The Contemplations Of Mujaddidiyah
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Nlanrlt Flu`lwh Gl`l`uaahj Lnfla Lr&Ymwh
Jlqsniljah Fuglaahah Rwlhsh+Rdhyl``lnu +Ljnu
Enljqln +L`hyln Jlqsniljahyln Fuglaahahyln
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[b Ibkhj [htn Qnb I`bssba Jlfb MdL``ln Qnb Cmfplsshmjltb Qnb Fmst
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QNB CMJQBF_@LQHMJS MD
FRGLAAHAHXLNurlqliln `blas tm l`` stlkbs mdpbrdbcthmj* Dmr tnhs rblsmj, l`tnmukntnb Flsylhen md Jlqsniljahyln
Fuglaahahyln l`sm pbrdmrf Wheru``ln, Sl`lwlt lja\urlj rbchtlthmjs, Furlqliln hs mjb md tnb fmst
hfpmrtljt cmfpmjbjt md tnbhr sphrhtul` wmre*
Qnb mrhkhj md Furlqliln `hbs hj tnb slyhjk md tnb_rmpnbt Funlffla Sl``l``lnu +L`lhnh [lsl``lf,
)Lamrb L``ln ls hd ymu lrb sbbhjk Nhf lja hd ymu
am jmt sbb Nhf, ejmw tnlt Nb hs sbbhjk ymu*)
@htbrl``y, Furlqliln fbljs tm wlht lja tmkulrljtbb mr tm prmtbct* [nbj usba ls l Sudhtbcnjhcl` tbrf, tnb fbljhjk md Furlqliln hs tmabtlcn mjbsb`d drmf wmr`a`y pursuhts dmr l pbrhma mdthfb whtn tnb hjtbjthmj md jurturhjk tnb sphrhtul`
kuhaljcb tnlt tnb sbbebr nls rbcbhvba drmf nhsSnlhen* Ljmtnbr wly md putthjk ht hs tnlt hj l nufljibhjk+s hjjbr ibhjk tnbrb lrb suit`b cbjtbrs mdcmjschmusjbss* Hd, ldtbr rbcbhvhjk kuhaljcb, mjbtlebs thfb drmf wmr`a`y pursuhts tm dmcus mj tnbsbsuit`b cbjtbrs, tnbj tnlt hs fbahtlthmj*
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Fbahtlthmj `blas tm kjmshs lja plvbs tnb pltn tmjblrjbss whtn Kma* [nbj tnb sbbebr abtlcnbs nhf
mr nbrsb`d drmf mtnbr pursuhts lja shts lja wlhts dmri`bsshjks, smmjbr mr `ltbr tnb sbbebr ibkhjs tm dbb`smfb ehja md lcthvhty hj tnb nblrt, smfbthfbs hj tnbdmrf md nblt, smfbthfbs ls fmvbfbjt, lja lt mtnbrthfbs ls l thjk`hjk sbjslthmj*
Qnb sbbebr fust jmt dmcus mj tnb sphrhtul` dmrf mr
cm`mur md tnb nblrt, ibclusb tnb lttbjthmj fust ibahrbctba tmwlras tnb Ahvhjb Bssbjcb, wnm hs ibymjal`` qul`hthbs* Ht hs jbcbsslry tm sht hj fbahtlthmj dmr lt`blst 3? tm 12 fhjutbs lja jm plrthcu`lr shtthjkpmsturb hs rbquhrba*
Hj tnb ibkhjjhjk, tnbrb hs l rusn md tnmuknts hj tnb
sbbebr+s fhja lja tnhs hs jm clusb dmr cmjcbrj* [blrb jmt tryhjk tm cmjcbjtrltb mur tnmuknts ls wnltlrb ibhjk prlcthcba hj Xmkl mr mtnbr sphrhtul`tbcnjhqubs* [b lrb tryhjk tm lwlebj tnb nblrt* Mjcbtnb nblrt hs lwlebjba, tnmuknts krlaul``y suishab*
Bvbjtul``y tnb sbbebr bxpbrhbjcbs l arhdthjk lja
bjtbrs l ahddbrbjt ahfbjshmj* Qnbrb hs l ahddbrbjcbibtwbbj tnhs arhdthjk lja s`bbp* Arhdthjk hs tnbsnlamw md ljjhnh`lthmj* Nlanrlt Hflf YliiljhFuglaaha L`d Qsljh Snlhen Lnfla Dlruqh ShrnhjahYlnfltu``ln +L`lhn slha, )Nb cmfbs lja Nb tlebsymu lwly*)
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Hj s`bbp, tnb smu` hs hjc`hjba tmwlras tnb `mwbrrbl`f lja tlebs rbdukb hj tnb nblrt* Hj tnb stltb md
arhdthjk tnb smu` hs hjc`hjba tmwlras tnb nhknbrrbl`f lja tlebs rbdukb hj tnb sb`d* [nbj tnb sbbebrhs hj tnb stltb md arhdthjk, tnb sbbebr hs jmt lwlrb mdhjahvhaul` ibhjk* Hj tnhs stltb tnb sbbebr clj l`smbxpbrhbjcb vhshmjs ejmwj ls Elsnld* Ls ht hspmsshi`b dmr tnb sbbebr tm nlvb tnmuknt prmgbcthmjs,jm hfpmrtljcb snmu`a ib lttlcnba tm tnbsb
bxpbrhbjcbs*
Nlanrlt Snlyen Lnfla Dlruqh ShrnhjahYlnfltu``ln +L`lhn slha, )Qnbsb bxpbrhbjcbs lrbshfp`y tnbrb tm p`blsb tnb sbbebr+s nblrt* Qnb dhjl`absthjlthmj `hbs lnbla*) Nlanrlt +L`luaahj +LttlrYlnfltu``ln +L`lhn .a*
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scnm`lrs hj `htt`b Yhsl`lns, spmeb md tnb jbcbsslry mdYlihtln* Sm clj ljy hjtb``bctul` pbrsmj jmw tnhje
tnlt tnmsb krblt pbmp`b p`lyba whtn tnb ru`hjks mdSnlrh+ln= H abc`lrb tnbf tm ib dlr lwly drmf sucntnmuknts* @bt fb sly tmm, tnlt H amjt ejmw ljymjbmd tnmsb wnm abjy Ylihtln ibhjk hj l rlje wnhcnrblcnba tnb rlje md tnmsb wnm lccbptba Ylihtln*UHrknlfu` Flrha p*49&43V
Nlanrlt Nlehfu` Rfflt Flu`ljl Lsnrld +L`hQnljwh Ylnfltu``ln +L`lhn l``mwba tnb prlcthcbmd Ylihtln ls nb fbjthmjs hj nhs wmre Lt&Qlelssnld hj l abtlh`ba ljswbr* Lfmjk tnb ibjbdhtsnb `hsts dmr tnhs prlcthcb hs nmw ht bjli`bstnb furha tm fhrrmr tnb Lnwl` md nhs Fursnha* Jmwnbrb ambs nb migbct tm ht ibhjk snhre mr
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Shfh`lr`y, Nlanrlt Flu`ljl Wlelrhyyl Eljan`lwhYlnfltu``ln +L`lhn nls l wnm`b sbcthmjmj Ylihtln hj nhs wmre Sylrh+lt Qlrhqlt El Ql`lzhf*Nb stltbs7
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ls rlihtl, ls wb`` ls Ilrzlen lja [lshtln* Qnhs hs lvbry hfpmrtljt prlcthcb md tnb scnm`lrs mj tnbsphrhtul` pltn, lja tnb scnm`lrs nlvb h``ustrltba htsibjbdhts liujaljt`y* Smfb md tnb b`abrs prmnhihtbatnhs prlcthcb ujcmjahthmjl``y* Nmwbvbr, lccmrahjktm fb tnhs hs hjcmrrbct dmr tnb prlcthcb md QlslwwurSnlhen hs hjahcltba hj fljy jlrrlthmjs* Qnus, H am
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Nlanrlt Flu`ljl Wlelrhyyl Ylnfltu``ln +L`lhntnbj kmbs mj tm ahscuss tnb rblsmjhjk dmr tnb Enh`ld,wnhcn hs lctul``y ibclusb md )i`mcehjk tnb fbljs)lja tnb mphjhmjs md mtnbr b`abrs, sucn ls Flw`ljlFlaljh lja Snln +Liau` Knljh Fuglahah wnm
l``mwba tnhs prlcthcb lja fbjthmjba hts ibjbdht*
Qnb wmra Furlqliln hs abrhvba drmf tnb rmmt`bttbrs7
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wltcn lttbjthvb`y, tm nbba, tm hjspbct* Hj tbrfs mdSnlrh+ln, ht rbdbrs tm hjspbcthmj lja hjtrmspbcthmj mdmjbs Jlds .hjjbr sb`d( whtn cbrtlhj dmrfs md sh`bjtanher . ( hj lj lttbfpt tm irhjk tnb Jlds hj`hjb whtn tnb hjgujcthmjs lja cmffljas md L``ln* Hjbssbjcb, ht hs abrhvba drmf tnb dm``mwhjk vbrsbs,
Tbrh`y L``ln hs bvbr&wltcndu` mvbr ymu lja,
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Kbjbrl``y, Furlqliln hs clrrhba mut iy c`blrhjkmjbs tnmuknts md bvbrytnhjk ibshabs L``ln*
Qnbrbldtbr, l pbrsmj turjs nhs sphrhtul` klzb ljalttbjthmj cmfp`btb`y lja bxc`ushvb`y tmwlras L``lnQll`l*
Nb fbahtltbs upmj tnb dlct tnlt L``ln Qll`l hscmjstljt`y wltcnhjk lja misbrvljt md bvbry shjk`bfmvb nb flebs lja bvbry tnmuknt tnlt crmssbs nhs
fhja* [nbj sucn l fhjasbt ibcmfbs dhrf`ybstli`hsnba hj lj hjahvhaul`, nb hs slha tm nlvblcnhbvba tnb stlkb md Hnslj ls rbdbrrba tm hj tnbdm``mwhjk Nlahts,
Nlanrlt Ghirh` +L`lhnhssl`lf lseba tnb Nm`y_rmpnbt Nlanrlt Funlffla Ylsu`u``lnSl``l``lnu +L`lhnh [lsl``lf, [nlt hs Hnslj=Ylsu`u``ln Sl``l``lnu +L`lhnh [lsl``lf rbp`hba,Ht hs tnlt ymu wmrsnhp L``ln ls hd ymu lrb sbbhjkNhf lja hd ymu lrb ujli`b tm sbb Nhf, tnbj ejmwwb`` tnlt Nb sbbs ymu*UIuenlrh, Nlahtn # 2?, AlrHij Eltshr IbhrutV
[nbj l pbrsmj hs bjtrbjcnba hj tnb tnmuknt tnltL``ln hs wltcnhjk mvbr nhs bvbry fmvb lja tnmuknt,nmw cmu`a sucn l pbrsmj bvbr cmjcbhvb mdcmffhtthjk bvbj tnb fmst vbjhl` md shjs*
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Qnb `lst md tnb prmpnbthc cmjtbfp`lthmjs hjc`uabs l``tnb ahvhjb qul`hthbs hj hts mrhkhj gust ls Nlanrlt
Funlffla Ylsu`u``ln Sl``l``lnu +L`lhnh[lsl``lf, tnb prmpnbt lssmchltba whtn tnb SupbrLrcljuf @lthdln hs tnb smurcb md tnb _rmpnbtnmmalja tnb Ahvhjb Hjthflcy .[h`lylt( md tnb mtnbrprmpnbts* Ls Nlanrlt +Hsl +L`lhnhssl`lf bstli`hsnbajbklthmj tnrmukn nhs ibhjk, Nlanrlt FunlfflaSl``l``lnu +L`lhnh [lsl``lf bstli`hsnba tnb
prhjchp`b md Lddhrflthmj .Htsilt( tnrmukn nhs_rmpnbtnmma* Qnb \ul`hty md CmfprbnbjshvbSyjtnbshs .Snlj Glfh+( hs tnb trljshthmj ibtwbbj tnbBssbjcb lja tnb ahvhjb qul`hthbs lssmchltba whtn tnbFunlfflalj Ybl`hty lja tnb smurcb md ahvhjb`ybfljlthjk krlcb dmr l`` tnb rbst md crblthmj* NlanrltFunlffla Sl``l``lnu +L`lhnh [lsl``lf hs tnb
krbltbst irhakb .Ilrzlen L`&Euirl( tm L``ln*
Jlqsniljahs tnbrbdmrb ib`hbvb jm sphrhtul` pltn cljlrrhvb lt L``ln uj`bss ht hjc`uabs tnb FunlfflaljYbl`hty lja hs i`bssba whtn ahvhjb krlcb drmf tnb\ul`hty md Cmfprbnbjshvb Syjtnbshs* [nbj tnbahschp`b nls ljjhnh`ltba lt `blst tnb Nblrt .@lthdln
\l`i(, nb mr snb nls bxhtba tnb rbd`bcthmjs .Wh`l`( ljaclj prmcbba hj tnb cmjtbfp`lthmjs tm tnb `bssbrhjthflcy whtn Nlanrlt L``ln Suinljlnu [l Ql+l`lhj [h`lylt Suknrl*
Nlanrlt Hflf Qlrhqln Snln IlnluaahjJlqsnilja Ylnfltu``ln +L`lhn+s b`limrlthmj md tnb
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cbjtbr tnlt spljs tnb sphrhtul` nbhknts lja tnb wmr`amd crblthmj* Qnhs hs tnb rbl`f md tnb hjthflcy md
_rmpnbts .[h`lylt Ljihyl( wnm rbturj drmfsphrhtul` nbhknts tm cmjvby tnbhr fbsslkb tmnufljhty* Ht hs l`sm tnb stlthmj .Flqlf( md tnbbxpljaba irblst .Sylrln Slar(, pmhjthjk tm tnbpbrdbcthmj md tnb Lendl suit`b cbjtbr wnhcn bxpljastm dh`` tnb bjthrb cnbst, dmrfhjk l shjk`b ujht md `hknt*
Ls L``ln Suinljlnu [l Ql+l`l nls fbjthmjba hjtnb Nm`y \urlj7
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9 u|Nlvb [b jmt bxpljaba tnbb tny irblst= U817
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vbnhc`b tm km tm tnb nhknbst rbl`fs* Lt tnb stlkb mdKrbltbr Hjthflcy tnb Qbj @lthdlns, hjc`uahjk tnb
suiauba, trljquh` bkm .Jlds Futflhjjln(, nlvbibcmfb purhdhba hj tnb stlthmj md cmjtbjtfbjt.Yhanl(* Qnb `lrkbr chrc`b md krbltbr hjthflcy hsrbprbsbjtba iy tnrbb sfl``br chrc`bs lja l imw*
Cmsfm`mkhcl``y, jblrjbss .Lqrlihylt(, tnb dhrst mdtnb sfl``br chrc`bs, hs l trljshthmj .Ilrzlen(
hjc`uahjk tnb Jlfbs lja Lttrhiutbs hj hts `mwbr nl`dlja tnb Ahvhjb \ul`hthbs .Snuyuj Wlthyln( hj htsuppbr nl`d, wnh`b tnb twm nhknbr chrc`bs md @mvb.Flnliiln( cmrrbspmja whtn tnb Lttrhiutbs mdJbklthmj .Shdlt Sl`ihyln( lja tnb qul`hty mdCmfprbnbjshvb Syjtnbshs .Snlj Glfh+(, rbspbcthvb`y*Qnb Imw .\lus( hs lssmchltba whtn tnb nhknbst md
L``ln+s qul`hthbs, ejmw`bakb .Snlj +H`fh(* Qnbahsthjcthmj md tnb Krbltbr Hjthflcy hs hts cyc`hjk ljaujhdyhjk tnb nhknbr lja `mwbr*
Qnb `lst cmjtbfp`lthmj md tnb Mutwlra mr tnbBxtbrhmr .Lz&Wlnhr( hjvm`vbs l rbturj mr Abscbjt.Juzu`( tm tnmsb tnhjks md tnb crbltba wmr`a wnhcn
nla ibbj jbkltba lja jmw clj ib lddhrfba tm ibhjc`uaba wnbj trlvb``hjk tmwlras L``ln* Ht hs mj`ydrmf tnhs krbltbr hjthflcy tnlt, hj hfhtlthmj md tnbNm`y _rmpnbt Funlffla Ylsu`u``ln Sl``l``lnu+L`lhnh [lsl``lf lja Cmfpljhmjs, mjb clj rbturjtm tnb crbltba wmr`a drmf tnb `mdty nbhknts mdsphrhtul` trlvb`*
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Qnb Fuglaahahs spbchdy mjb fmrb abkrbb mdc`msbjbss tm L``ln, tnb Nhknbst Hjthflcy .[h`lylt
+R`yl(, tnlt md tnb Nhknbst Ljkb`s .L`&Fl`l L`&L+`l(,hjvm`vhjk tnb tnrbb b`bfbjts md [ltbr, Lhr lja Dhrb*
Rpwlra drmf tnb cmjtbfp`lthmj md tnb Hjwlra mrtnb Hjtbrhmr .L`&Ilthj( l`` trlvb``hjk hs hj tnb dhrstfljhdbstlthmj md tnb Bssbjcb .Wlt(* Hj Nhalylt Lt&Ql`hihj ht wls stltba tnlt Nlanrlt Enwlgln
Flu`ljl Liu Sl+ha Fuglaahah Abn`lwhYlnfltu``ln +L`lhn .a*
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Lja ibnm`a, [b slha tm tnb ljkb`s7 )Imw amwj tmLalf) lja tnby imwba amwj* Jmt sm Hi`hs7 nb
rbdusba lja wls nluknty7 Nb wls md tnmsb wnmrbgbct Dlhtn*
Ibkhjjhjk whtn tnb sbcmja cmjtbfp`lthmj mdpbrdbcthmjs, tnb _brdbcthmjs md Fbssbjkbrsnhp.Elfl`lt Yhsl`lt(, tnb cmjsm`halthmj md @lthdlns.Nlhlt [lnaljh( nls ibcmfb pbrdbctba ls vbnhc`b*
Ht hs tnhs cmjtbfp`lthmj tnlt hs lssmchltba whtn tnbstlthmj md tnb ahstljcb md twm imw `bjktns mr jblrbr.\lil \luslhj Lw Lajl(, l``uahjk tm NlanrltFunlffla Ylsu`u``ln Sl``l``lnu +L`lhnh[lsl``lf+s bxl`tba stlthmj*
t"s3sz:!s"ys"r$1m r$Lja wls lt l ahstljcb md iut twm imw&`bjktns mrbvbj jblrbr*
L`` Fbssbjkbrs md L``ln .Yusu`, shjk* Ylsu`( lrb_rmpnbts .Ljihyl( iut rb`lthvb`y mj`y dbw _rmpnbtsqul`hdy ls Fbssbjkbrs md L``ln* Qnb ahsthjcthmj hstnlt tnb Fbssbjkbrs md L``ln irhjk scrhpturbs tmnufljehja sucn ls Qmrln .Qlurlt(, _sl`fs .Wliur(,Ihi`b .Hjgh`( lja \urlj*
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Iy tnb thfb md Nlanrlt Enwlgln Snln +Liau``lnKnu`lf +L`h Abn`lwh Ylnfltu``ln +L`lhn, tnb
Fuglaaha md tnb
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Nlanrlt Hflf Yliiljh lrkuba hj rbspmjsb tnlt tnbYbl`hty md tnb _rmpnbt hs supbrhmr tm ljy mtnbr
crblturb* Qnb rbl` El+liln hs wmrtny md prmstrlthmjshjcb ht hs jmt crbltba lja hs cmvbrba whtn tnb vbh` mdjmjbxhstbjcb* Ht hs tnhs El+liln hj tnb Bssbjcb mdL``ln tnlt Nlanrlt Hflf Yliiljh wls rbdbrrhjk tmls tnb Ybl`hty md tnb El+liln, jmt tnb lppblrljcb mdtnb El+liln .Surlt El+liln(, wnhcn hs mj`y stmjb*
Qnb blr`hbst smurcbs abtlh`hjk tnb Fuglaahahsphrhtul` pltn dm``mw Nlanrlt Hflf Yliiljh+snhbrlrcny, p`lchjk Ahvhjb Ybl`hthbs c`msbr tm L``lntnlj _rmpnbthc Ybl`hthbs* Qnb cmjtbfp`lthmjs md tnb_brdbcthmjs md tnb _rmpnbthc Ybl`hthbs prbcbab tnbnhknbr Ahvhjb Ybl`hthbs* Nlanrlt Enwlgln +Liau`Lnla [lnalt Shrnhjah Ylnfltu``ln +L`lhn .a*
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twm sbts md cmjtbfp`lthmjs lccmrahjk tm suisbqubjtuslkb lfmjk Fuglaahahs* Qnhs shtulthmj h``ustrltbs
mjb ahddhcu`ty ushjk Sudh `bttbrs ls smurcbs, shjcbblcn rbchphbjt md blcn `bttbr nla l ahddbrbjt `bvb` mdujabrstljahjk lja tnb Sylhen laarbssbs blcnpbrsmj lccmrahjk`y* Bvbj hd bvbry `bttbr wbrblaarbssba tm tnb slfb pbrsmj lja tnb Sylhen+scnljkhjk ujabrstljahjk md rbl`hty*
L`` tnb fljul`s bxp`lhjhjk tnb sphrhtul` fbtnmas mdtnb Hjahlj Fuglaahahs wrhttbj hj
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bxpljaba Fuglaahah systbf hs jmt hjahcltba hj ljymd tnb smurcbs* [b mj`y ejmw tnlt `hvhjk Sylhens
ushjk Nlanrlt Enwlgln Snln IlnluaahjJlqsnilja+s fbtnmas trlhjba ahschp`bs tm km ls dlrls tnb Fl+hyylt cmjtbfp`lthmj*
Hj smfb Enljqln, tnb usul` thfb tm pbrdmrf tnbsbbxbrchsbs hs ldtbr tnb Suiun lja +Lslr prlybrs wnbjtnb Sylhen lja nhs ahschp`bs kltnbr hj l chrc`b
sh`bjt`y tm pbrdmrf tnb Fuglaahah cmjtbfp`lthmjs*Hjahvhaul` pbrdmrfljcb md tnb cmjtbfp`lthmjs hsrbcmffbjaba ibdmrb mr rhknt ldtbr tnb fmrjhjkprlybr .Suiun(*
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Qnb Hjtbjthmjs Dmr Furlqlilt
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3?
9* Qnb Hjtbjthmj md tnb Cmjtbfp`lthmj md tnbMrhkhj md tnb Nblrt .Furlqliln Qlgl``hylt \l`i &
Albrln Hfelj(
[htn tnb hjtbrjl` vmhcb fleb lj hjtbjthmj, )XlL``ln, fy Nblrt .\l`i( dlcbs tnb _rmpnbtFunlffla Sl``l``lnu +L`lhnh [lsl``lf+s Nblrt.\l`i(* Qnb ahvhjb bjbrky bfljlthjk drmf tnb
Lcthvb Lttrhiutbs wnhcn Xmu nlvb sbjt drmf tnb_rmpnbt Funlffla Sl``l``lnu +L`lhnh [lsl``lf+sNblrt .\l`i( tm _rmpnbt Lalf +L`lhnhssl`lf+s Nblrt.\l`i(, cmjvby ht l`sm tm fy Nblrt .\l`i( iy fbljsmd tnb Krblt Flsylhen _hrlj Ehilr mdJlqsniljahyln Fuglaahahyln*)
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3* Qnb Hjtbjthmj md tnb Cmjtbfp`lthmj md C`msb_rmxhfhty md tnb Dhrst Qbrrhtmry md tnb Ihk
Slhjtnmma Qbrrhtmry .Furlqliln Lqrlihyylt &Albrln Lwwl` [h`lylt Euirl(* Albrln [h`lyltEuirl cmfprhsbs md tnrbb Qbrrhtmrhbs .Albrln( ljamjb \lus*
Cmjtbfp`ltb tnb fbljhjk md tnb i`bssba vbrsb,
tw u: t"r$s8(;yf u8!#)[l Jlnju Lqrliu H`lhnh Fhj Nli`h` [lrha) tnlt)Lja [b lrb jblrbr tm nhf tnlj nhs mwj guku`lrvbhj)* U\* 2?7
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lja tnb mrhkhj md tnb Sfl`` Slhjtnmma Qbrrhtmry.Albrln [h`lylt Suknrl( lja wnhcn hs tnb mrhkhj md
tnb Ahvhjb Jlfbs lja Lttrhiutbs*
Xl L``ln, iy fbljs md tnb Krblt Flsylhen _hrljEhilr md Jlqsniljahyln Fuglaahahyln, cmjjbct tmfy Sb`d .@lthdln Jlds( lja tm tnb Dhvb @ltlhds md tnbYbl`f md Cmfflja .L`lf Lflr(, fy Nblrt .\l`i(,fy Sphrht .Yun(, fy Fystbry .Shrr(, fy Lrcljuf
.Enldh( lja fy Supbr Lrcljuf .Lendl(*
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8* Qnb Hjtbjthmj md tnb Cmjtbfp`lthmj md C`msb_rmxhfhty md tnb Sbcmja Qbrrhtmry md tnb Ihk
Slhjtnmma Qbrrhtmry .Furlqliln Lqrlihyylt &Albrln Qsljh [h`lylt Euirl(
Cmjtbfp`ltb tnb fbljhjk md tnb i`bssba vbrsb,
7tt4tu)Xunhiiunuf [l Xunhiiujlnu) tnlt )Nb `mvbstnbf lja tnby `mvb Nhf)* U\* 2721V
[htn tnb hjtbrjl` vmhcb fleb lj hjtbjthmj tnlt tnbahvhjb bjbrky bddushmj .Dlhanz( cmfbs drmf tnbBtbrjl` Bssbjcb tnlt Nb hs tnb mj`y u`thfltb purpmsb
lja [nm hs Qnb Drhbja md fb lja H lf tnb drhbja mdNhf ls ujabrstmma hj tnb i`bssba vbrsb*
Qnhs ahvhjb bjbrky cmfbs tm fy Sb`d .@lthdln Jlds(drmf tnb Sbcmja Qbrrhtmry md Qnb Ihk Slhjtnmma.Albrln Qsljh [h`lylt Euirl( wnhcn hs tnbSlhjtnmma md tnb Krblt _rmpnbts lja wnhcn hs tnb
mrhkhj md tnb Dhrst Qbrrhtmry md Qnb Ihk Slhjtnmma.Albrln Lwwl` [h`lylt Euirl(*
Xl L``ln, iy fbljs md tnb Krblt Flsylhen _hrljEhilr md Jlqsniljahyln Fuglaahahyln, cmjjbct tmfy Sb`d .@lthdln Jlds(
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38
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1
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18
9?* Qnb Hjtbjthmj md tnb Cmjtbfp`lthmj md _urb[mrsnhppbajbss .Furlqliln Fl+iuahylt Shrdln(
[htn tnb hjtbrjl` vmhcb fleb lj hjtbjthmj tnlt tnbAhvhjb bjbrky cmfbs drmf tnb btbrjl` Ahvhjb_rbsbjcb, wnhcn hs tnb mrhkhj md _urb[mrsnhppbajbss, tm fy Cmjsm`haltba @lthdlns.Nlhlt [lnaljh( iy fbljs md tnb Krblt Flsylhen
_hrlj Ehilr md Jlqsniljahyln Fuglaahahyln*
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9
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2* Qnb Hjtbjthmj md tnb Cmjtbfp`lthmj md C`msb_rmxhfhty md tnb Dhrst Qbrrhtmry md tnb Ihk SlhjtnmmaQbrrhtmry .Furlqliln Lqrlihyylt & Albrln Lwwl`[h`lylt Euirl(* Albrln [h`lylt Euirl cmfprhsbs
md tnrbb Qbrrhtmrhbs .Albrln( lja mjb \lus*
8* Qnb Hjtbjthmj md tnb Cmjtbfp`lthmj md C`msb_rmxhfhty md tnb Sbcmja Qbrrhtmry md tnb IhkSlhjtnmma Qbrrhtmry .Furlqliln Lqrlihyylt &Albrln Qsljh [h`lylt Euirl(
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9