Download - The cardiovascular and respiratory system
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Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
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Thecardiovascularandrespiratorysystem
Forthisunityouneedtobeableto...
LearningOutcomes: Covered? Confident?
Understandandbeabletogivesportingexamplesofwheneachrespiratorysystemmightbeused(7-8)
Understandthestructureoftherespiratorysystem,thedifferencebetweenaerobicandanaerobicrespirationandthemechanicsofbreathing(5-6)
Definetheterms‘heartrate’,‘cardiacoutput’and‘strokevolume’anddescribethedifferencesbetweenveins,arteriesandcapillaries(3-4)
Identifyandlabelthecomponentsoftheheart(1-2)
TobehandedintoyourPEteacherfirstlessonback.
Name:MAG:
ProgressLine
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TheCardiovascularSystem
Thecardiovascularsysteminvolvestheheart,thebloodvesselsandtheblood.
Firstthoughts:Whatdoestheheartdo?Whyisthisimportanttosportspeople?
Theheartoperatesadoublecirculatorysysteminwhichbloodflowsthroughthehearttwice.
BloodVessels
Whenthebloodleavestheheartitistransportedaroundthebodyinthreemaintypesofbloodvessels.
BloodVessel:
Function: Characteristics:
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
PulmonaryCirculation:
SystemicCirculation:
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Task:Nexttothefollowingstatementswritewhetheryouthinkarteries,veinsorcapillariesarebeingdescribed.Dothiswithoutlookingatyournotes.
Statement: Arteries,veinsorcapillaries:
Theirroleistocarryoxygenatedbloodathighpressureawayfromtheheartthroughtheaorta
Theirroleistolinkarteriestotheveinsandallowoxygenandcarbondioxidetopassthroughtheirwalls
Theirroleistocarrydeoxygenatedbloodbacktotheheart
Theyhavethinwalls
Theycarrybloodunderhighpressure
Theyhavevalves
Theycontainbloodunderpressure
Thedonothavevalves
Theyareonlyonecellthick
Theyhavethick,muscular,elasticwalls
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BloodFlowDuringExercise
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TheStructureoftheHeart
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TheCardiacCycleandthePathwayoftheBlood
Thefillingoftheheartfollowsaparticularsequence.Thisprocessstartsintherightsideoftheheart.Therearetwostagestoeachheartbeat.
1.
2.
Task:Completethecorrectpathwayofthebloodbelow.
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TheRoleofRedBloodCells
Redbloodcellscarryoxygenfromthelungstothemusclesandremovescarbondioxidefromthemusclestothelungs.
Theycontainhaemoglobinwhichbondswithoxygentoformoxyhaemoglobin.Thesecellscarryoxygentotheworkingmuscles.Withoutthesecellsperformerswouldfatigueandstop.
Task:Howdotheredbloodcellshelpasportsperformer?Chooseoneofthesportingexamplesbelowandexplain.
CardiovascularTerms
Youneedtoknowthefollowingterms.
HeartRate:
StrokeVolume:
CardiacOutput:
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InterpretingHeartRateDataandGraphs
Task:ViewthedatainthetablesfromwhenJamieisatrestandexercising.Intheboxbelowdescribewhatthetablestellyou.Discusswhythesechangeshavetakenplace.
HeartRate(bpm) StrokeVolume(ml) BreathingRate(permin)
MuscleTemperature
64 60 17 Normal
HeartRate(bpm) StrokeVolume(ml) BreathingRate(permin)
MuscleTemperature
152 140 46 Hot
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InterpretingHeartRateDataandGraphs
Task:PlotthedatashowninthetableinyourworkbooktoshowhowJamie’sheartratehaschangedovertime.Labeltheaxesandjoinupthepointstomakealinegraph.Intheboxbelowdescribewhatthegraphtellsyou.
Time(Minutes) 2 4 6 8 10 12 14Heartrate(bpm) 66 80 106 120 120 140 90
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Cardiovascularminiquiz
1. State3differencesbetweenveinsandarteries:
2. Whatstructuredividestheheartintotwohalves?
3. Wherearethetricuspidvalvesfound?
4. Whatisthefunctionofvalves?
5. Namethe4chambersoftheheart.
6. Namethe4majorbloodvessels.
7. Definestrokevolume.
8. Whatistheequationforcardiacoutput?
9. Doescardiacoutputincreaseordecreaseduringexercise?Why?
10. Whatistheroleofredbloodcells?
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TheRespiratorySystem
Therespiratorysysteminvolvesthelungsandworkscloselywiththecardiovascularsystem.
Firstthoughts:Whatisthekeyfunctionoftherespiratorysystem?Whyisthisimportanttosportspeople?
ThePathwayofAir
Oxygentravelsalongapathwayfromthenoseandmouthtothealveoli.
Task:Labeltherespiratorysystembelow.
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GaseousExchange
Gaseousexchangetakesplaceatthealveoli.Thesearetinyairsacsinthelungs.Whenyoubreatheintheyfillwithair.Thisiswhereoxygenistransferredintothebloodstreamandcarbondioxideisremovedfromtheblood.
Tohelpthisprocessthebodyhasthefollowingfeatures:
1.2.3.4.5.6.
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TheMechanicsofBreathing
Theprocessofbreathingisaidedbytwomuscles.
• H• H
Thesemusclesenablethelungstoexpandmoreduringinspiration.
Breathingisthefirststageinsupplyingoxygentoourbodycells.
Task:Sortthestatementsintoorderbyputtingthenumbers1-4intheboxesnexttothem.
Inspiration
Statement YourRanking
CorrectRanking
Thepressureinsideourlungsfallsastheyexpand.Thehigherpressureofairoutsidemeansairisnowsuckedintothelungsthroughthenoseandmouth.
Thediaphragmcontracts.Itpullsdownandflattensouttheflooroftheribcage.
Theintercostalmusclescontract,liftingtheribsupwardsandoutwardscausingthechesttoexpand.
Thelungsincreaseinsizeasthechestexpands.
Expiration
Statement YourRanking
CorrectRanking
Thediaphragmrelaxes.Itispushedbackintoadomedpositionbytheorgansunderneathit.
Thepressureinsidethelungsincreasesastheygetsmaller.Theairpressureoutsideisnowlowerthaninourlungs.Airisforcedoutofthelungsthroughthenoseandmouth.
Theintercostalmusclesrelax.Theribsmovedownwardsandinwardsundertheirownweight.Thechestgetssmaller.
Thelungsdecreaseinsizeasthechestgetssmaller.Theyaresqueezedbytheribsanddiaphragm.
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RespiratoryTerms
Youneedtoknowthefollowingterms.
TidalVolume:
BreathingRate:
MinuteVentilation:
BreathingVolumesandExercise
Task:ViewthedatainthetablefromwhenHannahisatrestandthenexercising.Whatchangeshavetakenplaceandwhy?
Tidalvolumeatrest(ml) Tidalvolumeduringexercise(ml)500 3500
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AerobicandAnaerobicRespiration
Therearetwotypesofrespiration.
AerobicRespiration:
• S
• S
• S
Sportingexamples:
AnaerobicRespiration:
• S
• S
• S
•
Sportingexamples:
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IdentifyingAerobicandAnaerobicExercise
Task:Watchthevideosonthepowerpointandconsiderthesportsbelow.Writewhetheryouthinktheactivityisanaerobicoraerobicandexplainyouranswer.
Football
AerobicorAnaerobic:
Explain:
100mSprint
AerobicorAnaerobic:
Explain:
HighJump
AerobicorAnaerobic:
Explain:
Netball
AerobicorAnaerobic:
Explain:
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Respiratorysystemminiquiz
1. Whatisthenameofthemusclelocatedbelowthelungsthataidsinspirationandexpiration?
2. Whatisthenextstageinthepathwayofairaftertheairandmouth?
3. Whatisthenameoftheprocesswherecarbondioxideandoxygenaretransferred?
4. Whichtypeofbloodvesselcoversthealveolitoallowthistotakeplace?
5. Definetidalvolume.
6. Whathappenstobreathingrateduringexerciseandwhy?
7. Whatistheequationforminuteventilation?
8. Giveasportingexampleofaerobicrespiration.
9. Giveasportingexampleofanaerobicrespiration.
10. Wouldaweightlifterbeexercisingaerobicallyoranaerobically?
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TheCardiovascularandRespiratorySystems
• H
• H
Task:Applytheaboveinformationtoasportspersonofyourchoice.Thinkabovespecificexamplesfromthatsport.
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6MarkQuestion
Usingpracticalexamples,explainwhatismeantbyaerobicandanaerobicexercise.(6)
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6MarkQuestion
Describethepathwayofbloodthroughthedoublecirculatorysystem.(6)
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