Download - The banking system of Ukraine
The banking system in Ukraine
The banking system is a set of
interconnected and cooperating banks,
each of which performs the
functions arising from his
appointment.
National Bank of Ukraine
commercial banks
The banking system has 2 levels
Summary of the National Bank of Ukraine is evident in its functions:
develop the main directions of the single monetary policy, according to which the regulation of money circulation in Ukraine;
participate in the development of the main directions and trends of economic and social development of Ukraine's economy, the state budget of Ukraine;
to authorize the establishment of commercial banks with foreign entities and foreign citizens;
servicing the public debt, to perform operations associated with the deployment of state loans and their repayment and interest payment.
National Bank of Ukraine
The main OBJECTIVE
strengthening of the
national currency - the
hryvnia
The legal status of the National Bank of Ukraine, its special legal regulation leads him to perform specific banking transactions. According to Article 8 of the Law of Ukraine "The Banks and Banking Activity" National Bank performs the following operations:
conducts operations from the reserve fund currency
buys and sells securities that are issued by the state
gives loans to commercial banks for the period in agreement with lenders
privatization certificates it issues
buys and sells foreign currency and payment documents in foreign currency
Types of banks• has the exclusive right to issue notes
(currency, bank notes)Issuing Bank
• specialize in providing long-term loans secured by real estate
Mortgage banks
• specializing in financing and long-term loans of different companies and entire industries
Investment Banks
• are simple financial and credit institutions for the promotion of free cash population
Savings Bank
• lending to all stages of the innovation process to create and implement a variety of scientific developments
Innovative banks
Commercial banks - the most versatile type of banks that are engaged in a wide range of transactions, including loans to industrial,
commercial and other businesses mainly due to cash flow in the form of deposits.
Commercial banks are classified by the number of features
ownership
private
state
Form of the organization
private open type
private close type
Depending on the operations
universal
specialized
Depending on the territorial activities
international
republican
regional
• associated with all public authorities and the Board (Prominvestbank Ukraine, Ukraine Eximbank and Savings Bank of Ukraine)
Republican banks
• formed with the participation of foreign capital and may have branches (branches) in other countries. (Ukrainian International Bank)
International banks
Commercial banks
On the one hand, they are produced to meet the interests of bank owners (shareholders or individual) and social interests of customers - businesses
and individuals served by the bank.
On the other hand, commercial forms - a special type of company that will organize and carry out the movement of loan capital for profit-owned bank.
Commercial banks have the following features:Commercial banks engaged in business for profit: offered on a contractual basis of the credit and settlement, cash management and other banking services to businesses, organizations and individuals by performing banking transactions and providing various banking services.
The presence of all the rights of a legal entity, organizational unity, participation in economic relations, self-responsibility, and the obligatory indication of the charter of the bank, the bank is a legal entity.
Owning property in the property rights or the rights of full economic management, the availability of authorized capital, which is displayed on the bank's own balance sheet.
Limitations of commercial banks
Commercial banks are prohibited activities in the
sphere of production, trade
and insurance.
The law limited ability of
commercial banks to own real estate.
Bank is not responsible for the
obligations of the state and the state is not
liable for the obligations of banks,
unless the parties take on this responsibility
(Article 5 of the Law of Ukraine "The Banks
and Banking Activity").
Functions of commercial banks
• 1. The mobilization of temporarily free funds and converting them into capital.
• 2. Lending to businesses, government and people.
• 3. Settlements and payments in the economy.
• 4. Issue of credit money.
• 5. Share-constituent activities carried out through the issuance and placement of securities.
• 6. Counseling, provision of economic and financial information.
Stock Bank - is a kind of commercial bank created a joint stock company.
Stock Bank - a credit institution which is a union under the agreement of funds of individuals and entities (including foreign) for joint economic activity and profit.
The authorized capital stock of the bank is formed only at their own expense of shareholders. The share of each shareholder shall not exceed 35 percent of the authorized fund of the bank.
Procedure for establishment and operation of commercial banks regulated by the Law of Ukraine "Banks and Banking activity",
"Business Associations", "Securities and stock exchange", "Entrepreneurship", "Foreign investments" and others, as well as temporal position of the establishment, registration of commercial
banks and the supervision of their activities, approved by the Board of the National Bank of 17 July 1992, with significant changes and
additions to it in recent years.
Development of commercial banks is constrained by the following factors:
lack of legislative support banking
activities;
many businesses over a long
period of not fulfilling its obligations
under the loan repayment, which limits the credit
resources of commercial
banks;
absence of some banks
due statutory funds of funds
does not guarantee the
security of their
depositors.
Effective functioning of the banking system of Ukraine is largely determined by the level of its legal basis and is impossible without defining the legal status of the subjects of the credit system and the detailed regulation of various aspects of banking. Creating a full-fledged banking legislation is the key to proper management of the economy of the state, the construction mechanism of the
modern credit system of Ukraine and the formation of law.
Banking law has several features
intersectional nature
of the banking law, as it contains
provisions different branches
of law
significant amount of by-laws, and laws
governing various aspects
and issues of banking,
not
problem of demarcation with other
branches of law (administrative,
financial and civil law), which is of practical
importance for the effective development
and functioning of the economy
To improve the banking laws of fundamental importance to the process of integration and differentiation.
The integration of
banking regulation
•provides strengthening the relationship and interaction between the banking laws of other branches of law (administrative, civil, financial)
Differentiation regulation of banking activities
•lies in its demarcation, especially regulation of various fields of banking (payment, credit, currency, etc.).
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