Strictly Private and ConfidentialAn Authorised Financial Services Provider
The Banking Sector’s role in funding Junior MinersFFF 9th Junior Coal Mining Ventures Workshop
27 June 2014
Henk de HoopBusiness Development Director Resources Rand Merchant Bank
Strictly Private and ConfidentialStrictly Private and Confidential
FirstRand Bank Limited
Funding cycle and bank checklist
Macro background and impact on junior miner funding
Case studies
Concluding remarks
Strictly Private and Confidential 3
Overview of FirstRand• FirstRand Group executes its strategy through its portfolio of wholly owned
operating franchises, First National Bank (“FNB”), Rand Merchant Bank (“RMB”), WesBank and Ashburton
FirstRand Limited (“FirstRand”) is the second largest financial institution in Africa, and one of the largest companies listed on the exchange operated by the JSE Limited, with a market capitalisation of c.USD21bn/R227bn
FirstRand provides a comprehensive range of products and services to the South African market and niche products in certain international markets
Listed holding company(FirstRand Limited, JSE: FSR)
Retail and commercial bank Corporate and investment bank Instalment finance Investment management
Strictly Private and Confidential
FirstRand in Africa
4
Gaborone
Lagos
MbabaneMaputo
Maseru
Windhoek
LuandaLusaka
Accra
South Africa
Representative offices
Full banking operations
Target jurisdiction
Deal footprintOn the ground presence
Strictly Private and Confidential
Full service retail banking operations
Investment banking operations
FirstRand branch
FirstRand representative office
5
… and with a presence in India and China…
Trade and investment flows
FNB and RMB offer assistance to companies through branches in London and India, via representative offices in Dubai and Shanghai, and through a co-operation agreement with
China Construction Bank
FNB and RMB are therefore well positioned to assist with trade and investment flows between Europe/the Middle East/Asia and Africa
FNB and RMB offer assistance to companies through branches in London and India, via representative offices in Dubai and Shanghai, and through a co-operation agreement with
China Construction Bank
FNB and RMB are therefore well positioned to assist with trade and investment flows between Europe/the Middle East/Asia and Africa
RMB operates a mining focussed Private Equity business, RMB Resources, which is based in Australia with offices in the
US and the UK
RMB operates a mining focussed Private Equity business, RMB Resources, which is based in Australia with offices in the
US and the UK
Strictly Private and ConfidentialStrictly Private and Confidential
FirstRand Bank Limited
Funding cycle and bank checklist
Macro background and impact on junior miner funding
Case studies
Concluding remarks
Strictly Private and Confidential
Time/Project Stage
Steady state mining
Early exploration
Resource definition
Pre-feasibility to bankable feasibility
Project development
7
The funding cycle
Structured Equity
Equity
Project Finance
Senior debt
Valu
eBank funding
Royalty, streaming/offtakes
Strictly Private and Confidential
• Royalty finance• Streaming/offtakes/prepayment
• Commercial banks• Development finance institutions• Export credit agencies• Traders
• Equity capital markets• Traders• Private/’Public’ Equity• Partnering with majors/other operators
Funding sources
8
Equity
Alternative
Debt
Strictly Private and Confidential
Debt ‘bankability’ considerations
Qualitative Quantitative
Management Strength
BFS completed/quality
Environmental risk (Equator Principles)
Commodity type & strength of offtake
Brownfields vs greenfields
Cash flows
Capital quantum
Financial strength of equity provider
Position on cost curve
Resources & reserves (quality, size)
Processing: yield, quality, complexity
Logistics solution & cost
Technical complexity/execution risk
+++… +++…
Contractor quality (financial+technical)
Strictly Private and Confidential
Contractors vs owner operator model
Contractor model Owner operator
ü Upfront capital cost savings
û Increased operating cost – capital fees
ü Experienced operators
ü Preferred for short LoM assets
ü Could assist bank funding (use reputable firms)
û Conflict risks – i.e. production targets for mining vs plant contractors
ü Improved operational control, e.g. quality control and assurance
ü Preferred for longer life assets or use of large, specialised machinery
û Much broader in-house skill set required
û Could complicate bank funding (especially new junior/team)
û “Loss of control” – requires strong company management team
ü Operating cost benefits
û Increases upfront capitalü Provides operational flexibility
ü Less complex contract structure
Strictly Private and ConfidentialStrictly Private and Confidential
FirstRand Bank Limited
Funding cycle and bank checklist
Macro background and impact on junior miner funding
Case studies
Concluding remarks
Strictly Private and Confidential
Macro background
12
Resources sector performance
AIM equity fundraising (2004 – 2013)
-
20
40
60
80
100
120
2011 2012 2013 2014
ASX Resources TSX Resources JSE Resources
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
-
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Q1
2013
Q2
2013
Q2
2013
Q4
2013 M
inin
g pr
ocee
ds a
s %
of a
ll AI
M
Min
ing
proc
eeds
(£m
)
Mining further issues Mining new issues % Mining of AIM
Weak equity markets resulting in limited capital and low liquidity
Historically low levels of funds raised – ‘financial steroids’ not chasing commodities anymore
Source: Capital IQ, EY Mining Eye (inferred)
Strictly Private and Confidential
Macro background
13
Seaborne thermal coal sector under pressure
Weakness across commodities
Estimated 25-30% of seaborne thermal coal market uneconomic – finally forcing (some) producer discipline
Lagged supply response to period of high margins exacerbating oversupplied market
Cost competitiveness / capital efficient capacity addition again key in assessing project quality for both equity and debt providers
Source: WoodMackenzie, Dow Jones
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
FOB
cas
h co
sts
US$
/t
FOB
cas
h co
sts
US$
/t
Cumulative Production mt
Current Price
Strictly Private and Confidential
Project funding impact
14
§ Increased equity cheque constraints for both big and small players
§ Fewer banks, smaller cheques, but more competition for high quality assets
§ Revenue line outlook more uncertain – prefer commodities that can behedged or have long term offtakes with price protection
§ Larger projects likely to require a more phased approach
§ Increased stress testing of project risk, forecast ramp-up, costs, etc
Sharp reduction in fundable projects
Strictly Private and Confidential
SA specific issues
15
§ Offshore equity interest VERY poor – apart from general junior miningmalaise, SA mining reputation has not helped to say the least
§With export channel economics questionable at current FOB prices,domestic coal projects becoming increasingly attractive…
§…while Eskom offtake (appropriately priced & sufficient term) greatlyenhances junior project fundability (up to 70% debt)
§ Indian/Chinese interest subdued, but trading companies increasingly willingto support equity cheques, even for largely domestic projects
Particularly relative to other junior miner sectors, positive outlook for
junior coal miners
Strictly Private and ConfidentialStrictly Private and Confidential
FirstRand Bank Limited
Funding cycle and bank checklist
Macro background and impact on junior miner funding
Case studies
Concluding remarks
Strictly Private and Confidential
Funding can be sourcedCoal Case Study - greenfields Funding Structure
• Life of mine Eskom offtake and price underpin
• Low cost open pit producer
• Low strip ratio
• Simple processing technology
• Detailed BFS including extensive metallurgical
testwork
• Strong project management team
• Raised equity in tough market
• Stringent capex control
• Realistic targets
• Reasonable gearing (65% debt)
• Capital cost: R450m
• Debt facility: R300m
• Tenor: 6.5 years
• Capital grace & interest roll-up: 21 months
17
Listed Co
Holdco as Borrower
Project 1 Project 2
Equity
Debt
Development Funds
Offshore
RSA
Strictly Private and ConfidentialStrictly Private and Confidential
FirstRand Bank Limited
Funding cycle and bank checklist
Macro background and impact on junior miner funding
Case studies
Concluding remarks
Strictly Private and Confidential
Conclusion
19
§ Constrained funding environment
§ Increased stress testing of project risk, forecast ramp-up, costs
§ Good projects with strong management are attracting funding
§ Domestic coal sector increasingly attractive, Eskom offtake support crucial
§ Engage with potential funders early in the process
Strictly Private and Confidential
Contacts
20
Halvar MathiesenCo-Head: Resources FinanceTel: +27 11 282 1310Email: [email protected]
Sandile MbulawaCo-Head: Resources FinanceTel: +27 11 282 1020Email: [email protected]
William McFerrenResources FinanceTel: +27 11 282 1309Email: [email protected]
Henk de HoopBusiness Development Director: ResourcesTel: +27 11 282 4970Email: [email protected]