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The ATLAS Detector
(see http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/Welcome.html)
ATLAS
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The Large The Large HadronHadron ColliderCollider at CERN (LHC)at CERN (LHC)
7+7 TeV pp collider25 ns bunch spacing≈ 20 int./crossing
at high luminosity⇒ ≈ 800 million pp collisions per second
Example data sets10 fb-1 (one yr. at
low lumi.)6x1012 b-bbar2x109 W5x108 Z8x106 ttbar2x105 H (mH=150)
Scheduled to begin running in 2007
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Particle Detection Principles
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The ATLAS Detector
Overall length = 42 m, diameter = 22 m, weight = 7000 tons
Components under construction in over 35 countries around the world
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ATLAS Underground Cavern
civil engineering finished April 2003installation of detector components is underway
Webcam picture from May 28/2004
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ATLAS Inner Detector
TRT
Pixels SCT
Barrelpatch panels
End-cappatch panels
Services
Beam pipe
r = 1.15 m, length = 7 m ( |η| < 2.5 ), 2 T solenoidal magnetic field
3 layers (r = 4, 11, 14 cm) of 50 µm X 300 µm Si pixels (140E6 in total)4 layers of 80 µm X 12.8 cm Si strips (6.2E6 in total)36 layers of 4 mm dia. X 1.5 m (max) straws (420k in total)
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Barrel SCT
ATLAS Inner Detector
Integration of SCT into Barrel TRT
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ATLAS Inner Detector Performance
ATLAS Barrel Inner DetectorH→bb
–
b
b–
ATLAS Barrel Inner DetectorH→bb
–
b
b–
Low luminosity Design luminosity
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ATLAS Inner Detector Performance (cont’d)
0
50
100
150
200
1 10 102
With B-layerWithout B-layer
|η| < 0.25
pT (GeV)
σ(d 0)
(µm
)
0
100
200
300
1 10 102
With B-layerWithout B-layer
|η| < 0.25
pT (GeV)
σ(z 0)
(µm
)
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ATLAS Calorimeters
Calorimeters
Calorimeters
Calorimeters
Calorimeters
Hadronic Tile
EM Accordion
Forward LAr
Hadronic LAr End Cap
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The ATLAS Liquid Argon Electromagnetic Calorimeter
47 cm
readout electrode absorber
P
leadglue
kapton
outer copper layer
outer copper layer
inner copper layer
stainless steel
HVHV
liquid
argo
n gap
liquid
argo
n gap
(~2 m
m)
0.7%E
10%E
σ(E)⊕≈
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The ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter
0
10
20
30
40
0 1 2 3Pseudorapidity
X0
Barrel-Endcap crack
Presampler
Scintillator
ID services+ patch panel
warm flange
cables + passive liquidMaterialin front of Presampler
Materialin front of Accordion
B A R R E L E N D C A P
Materialin front ofAccordion
Material up to the end of active BarrelMaterial up to the end of active Endcap
Total active depth
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The ATLAS LAr Barrel Wheel Assembly
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The ATLAS Barrel Cryostat and Superconducting Solenoid
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The ATLAS Barrel Cryostat Installation
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At Columbia, we have designed and are starting production of the readout electronics for the ATLAS LAr calorimeters
LAr Calorimeter Readout Electronics
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read out ≈ 170k channels of calorimeterdynamic range ≈ 16 bitsmeasure signals at bunch crossing frequency of 40 MHz (ie. every 25 ns)store signals during L1 trigger latency of ≈ 2.5 µs (100 bunch crossings)digitize and read out 5 samples/channel at L1 rate of ≈ 100 kHz
measure deposited energies with resolution < 0.25%measure times of energy depositions with resolution << 25 ns
high density (128 channels per board)low power (≈ 0.8 W/channel)high reliability over expected lifetime of > 10 yearsfor on-detector electronics, be tolerant of significant levels of radiation due to intense particle collisions
Requirements of ATLAS LAr Readout
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functionality includes:receive input signals from calorimeteramplify and shape themstore signals in analog form while awaiting L1 triggerdigitize signals for triggered eventstransmit output data bit-serially over 1.6 Gbps optical link off detector
Overview of ATLAS Overview of ATLAS LArLAr calorimeter calorimeter frontendfrontend board (FEB)board (FEB)
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Overview of main FEB components
32 SCA 16 ADC 8 Gain Select.
1 Glink
1 Config.2 SCAC
1 SPAC
1 MUX
32 Shaper
1 TTCRx
2 CLKFO
20 Regulators 4 LSB
32 0T
128input
Signalsfm calo
1 fiberTo RODs
8 sumsTo TBB
DMILL
DSM
AMS
COTS
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FEB Prototype Results
DAC setting-Equivalent Energy Channel(GeV)
RMS = 50MeV RMS = 500MeV
101
102
103
10-1
100
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
100
10-1
10-2
2
5
2
5
Electron Energy (GeV)
Tim
ing
Res
olut
ion
(ns)
/E(%
)σ E 2
5
2
5
Time (ns)
Am
plitu
de (
AD
C c
ount
sx10
00)
200 300 400 500
0.0
-0.5
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
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ATLAS Tile Hadronic Calorimeter
Doublereadout
Hadrons
zr
φ
3%E
30%E
σ(E)⊕≈
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ATLAS Calorimetry Depth and Missing ET
0
5
10
15
20
0 1 2 3 4 5Pseudorapidity
Abs
orpt
ion
Len
gth
Tile barrel
Tileextended barrel Hadronic endcap Forward calorimeter
EM barrel EM endcap
Material in front of Muon System
End of activehadronic
cryostat walls
0
5
10
15
0 100 200 300 400 500ΣET in calorimeters (GeV)
σ(p xm
iss ,
p ymis
s ) (
GeV
)
low luminosity new data
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ATLAS Toroidal Muon Spectrometer
2
4
6
8
10
12 m
00
Radiation shield
MDT chambers
End-captoroid
Barrel toroid coil
Thin gap chambers
Cathode strip chambers
Resistive plate chambers
14161820 21012 468 m
3 superlayers of tracking chambers (370k drift tubes, 67k CSC) and trigger chambers (355k RPC, 440k TGC)total detector area > 12k m2
toroidal magnetic field provided by array of air-core toroids
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ATLAS Muon Detectors
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170 t (90 km) superconductor, 700 t cold masstotal stored energy 1.55 GJ
ATLAS Toroidal Magnet System
0
2.5
5
7.5
10
0 1 2η
∫Bdl
(T
m)
φ = π/8
φ = 0
Barrel region End-cap region
Tran
sitio
n re
gion
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ATLAS Barrel Toroid Installation
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ATLAS Endcap Toroids
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ATLAS Muon Momentum Resolution
Energy loss fluctuationsMultiple scattering
Chamber resol and align.
Muon spectrom.standalone
Inner trackerstand alone
The The muonmuon spectrometer resolution spectrometer resolution dominates for Pt > 100 dominates for Pt > 100 GeV/GeV/cc
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ATLAS Status Today
Follow progress on Webcams at Follow progress on Webcams at http://atlaseyehttp://atlaseye--webpub.web.cern.ch/atlaseyewebpub.web.cern.ch/atlaseye--webpub/webwebpub/web--sites/pages/UX15_webcams.htmsites/pages/UX15_webcams.htm