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THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
Ms. Fisher
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Characteristics of ALLAnimals…
• Multi-cellular•Eukaryotic (nucleus)•Consumers- can’t make their own food, receive energy by eating other organisms•Mobility**Most animals have symmetry
All animals belong to one of two groups: Invertebrates or vertebrates(chordates) complex
This chapter we are discussing invertebrates, simple animals!
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PART 1: Simple AnimalsInvertebrates
1. SPONGES: no symmetry• Most simple of all animals• Feed, breathe, and eliminate waste through pores • Traps what it needs as water flows thru• Sexual and asexual reproduction
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2. STINGING-CELL ANIMALS
• Animals have stinging tentacles• Sexual reproduction• Have “mouth” structure• Radial symmetry
Anemone
HydraJellyfish
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Symmetry
• Radial Originates from a center point
• Bilateral Divided into 2 equal sides (all
vertebrates
& some invertebrates
have bilateral)
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3. Flatworm• Flat in shape• Bilateral symmetry• Cephalization
– “head” structure• Example:
a. Tapeworm – Parasitic- live on anotherliving thing– Intestines– Can be very longb. Planarian– non-parasitic– found in freshwater– mouth/anus same structure
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4. Roundworm
• Round in shape “hookworm”• Separate mouth and anus• Bilateral symmetry• Example:
– Ascaris• Parasitic roundworm• Causes death
in 3rd world countries
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5. Segmented Worms(most complex of all worms)
• Body divided into “segments”• Live anywhere (land, fresh + salt water)• Examples:
Earthworm Leech parasite
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Earth Worm
Holds food
Grinds food Digest
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Agenda: 10-24 Friday
Objective: Identify the 9 Major phyla of animals and give an example of each
1. Sponges 6. Soft Bodied/Mollusca 2.Stinging 7. Jointed-leg/Arthropoda
3. Flatworms 8. Spiny Skin/Echinoderms
4.Round Worms 9. Chordate
5. Segmented Worms 9 Major Phyla.docx
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6. Soft-Bodied Animals (a.k.a. Mollusks)
• Soft body- have a soft body protected by a hard shell- also invertebrates
• Usually protected with a hard shell• Muscular foot for movement• Examples: clam, oyster, scallop, slug,
snail octopus
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Soft bodied Animals:
Grouped into 3 classes based off of the following traits:
• Kind of foot• If a shell is present• And # of shells
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1st Class: Snails & Slugs
• Wide muscular foot• Single shell-snails, slugs no shell * differ
eyes
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2nd Class: Clams
• Two shells• Foot shaped like a shovel & is used to
bury themselves in sand
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3rd Class: Octopus & Squid
• No shell• Muscular foot divided into arms• Move by shooting a jet of water
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Review:
Features of soft bodied animals/Mollusca:
• All are invertebrates• Most have one or two shells• Most have a foot they use to move about
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INVERTEBRATES1. Phylum: Sponges
2. Phylum: Stinging cell
3. Phylum: Flatworm
4. Phylum: Roundworm Simple Animals
5. Phylum: Segmented worms
6. Phylum: Mollusk (soft-bodied)
7. Phylum: Arthropods• Class
– Insecta– Arachnid– Crustacean Complex, Invertebrates
8. Phylum: Echinoderms– Starfish
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Arthropods(Jointed-legs)
• Invertebrate• Largest phyla (3/4 of all animals on earth!!)• Exoskeleton
– Segmented body• Head• Thorax• Abdomen
• Bilateral symmetry• Appendages
– Legs, wings, antennae• Grow by molting
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Complex Invertebrates:
7. Arthropod Class: Arachnid• 8 legs ( 4 pairs)• No antennae• 2 body segments• Spiders, scorpions, ticks
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ArthropodClass: Insecta
• 6 legs (3 pairs)• 3 body segments• 2 pairs of wings (most)
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ArthropodClass: Crustacea
• Mostly Marine animals• 2 pairs of Antennae• 4 pairs of walking legs• Some...1 pair of “pinchers”• Crab, lobster, shrimp,
crayfish
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8.Spiny skin/ Echinoderm
• Radial symmetry• “Spines” on skin• 5-part body• Tube feet used for
movement, feeding, attachment.• Example: starfish
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ALL ARE INVERTEBRATES1. Phylum: Sponges
2. Phylum: Stinging cell
3. Phylum: Flatworm
4. Phylum: Roundworm
5. Phylum: Segmented worms
6. Phylum: Mollusk (soft-bodied)
7. Phylum: Arthropods• Class
– Insecta– Arachnid– Crustacean
8. Phylum: Echinoderms– Starfish
NOW, TO DISCUSS VERTEBRATES…
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9. Vertebrates
(Chordates)
Complex Animals