Download - The Age of the City - pnhs.psd202.org
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THE AGE OF THE CITY
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THE AGE OF IMMIGRATION
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THE MYTH OF THE “MELTING POT”
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ANGEL ISLAND WAS CONSIDERED MORE HARSH THAN ELLIS ISLAND
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IMMIGRATION DATA ANALYSIS
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AMERICA IN 1900
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POPULATION GROWTH 1860-1900
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TOTAL POPULATION GROWTH 1860-1920
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THE ETHNIC CITY
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SOURCES OF IMMIGRATION FROM EUROPE
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ETHNIC & CLASS SEGREGATION 1850-1890
Milwaukee, WI
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JACOB RIIS
Danish immigrant & New York newspaper
reporter and photographer Jacob Riis shocked
many Americans with his sensational (and
sometimes sensationalized) descriptions and
pictures of tenement life in his 1890 book How
the Other Half Lives.
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JACOB RIIS
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PHOTOGRAPHER JACOB RIIS CAPTURED
IMAGES OF THE CITY
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Jacob Riis
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Jacob Riis
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Jacob Riis
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Jacob Riis
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Jacob Riis
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JACOB RIIS HOW THE OTHER HALF LIVESWhen once I asked the agent of a notorious Fourth Ward alley how many people might be
living in it I was told: one hundred and forty families, one hundred Irish, thirty-eight Italian, and
two that spoke the German tongue. Barring the agent herself, there was not a native-born
individual in the court. The answer was characteristic of the cosmopolitan character of lower New
York, very nearly so for the whole of it, wherever it runs to alleys and courts. One may find for the
asking an Italian, a German, a French, African, Spanish, Bohemian, Russian, Scandinavian,
Jewish, and Chinese colony. Even the Arab, who peddles "holy earth" from the Battery as a direct
importation from Jerusalem, has his exclusive preserves at the lower end of Washington Street.
The one thing you shall vainly ask for in the chief city of America is a distinctively American
community. There is none; certainly not among the tenements. . . .
The once unwelcome Irishman has been followed in his turn by the Italian, the Russian Jew,
and the Chinaman, and has himself taken a hand of opposition, quite as bitter and quite as
ineffectual, against these later hordes. Wherever these have gone they have crowded him out,
possessing the block, the street, the ward with their denser swarms. . . .
A map of the city, colored to designate nationalities, would show more stripes than the skin of
a zebra, and more colors than any rainbow.
Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1890). Reprint, "The
Mixed Crowd," in F. Cordasco, ed., Jacob Riis Revisited (Garden City, NY: Anchor Books,
Doubleday & Co., 1968). pp. 18-19.
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MULBERRY STREET, NEW YORK CITY
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PROBLEMS IN THE CITY
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IMMIGRATION UNDER ATTACK
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IMMIGRATION UNDER ATTACK
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PUBLIC DISCRIMINATION
To further humiliate immigrants arriving in
America, many political cartoons, postcards
and ethnic trading cards were made
exaggerating ethnic stereotypes.
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