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TEKS 7.6A: organic compounds contain
carbon and other elements such as
hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen
or sulfur.
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What are elements?
What are compounds?
Agree on definitions for
each word.
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Elements are substances that cannot be broken
down into any other substance by chemical or
physical means.
The Periodic Table organizes the elements based
on their physical and chemical properties.
An element can be made of a
single atom or 2 of the same
atoms joined in a molecule
(ex. He or C)
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When elements are combined they make compounds.
A compound is a substance made of 2 or more different elements that are chemically bound and set together in a set ratio.
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Salt
NaCl
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Glucose
C6H12O6
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Iron
Fe
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Carbon Dioxide
CO2
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Water
H2O
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Oxygen
O2
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Fertilizer
Ca2(PO4)2
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Formulas show what elements and how many atoms of each element are involved in the compound.
H2O (water) 2- Hydrogen and 1- Oxygen
NaCl (table salt) 1- Sodium and 1 Chlorine
CO2 (carbon dioxide) 1- Carbon and 2 Oxygen
NH3 (ammonia) 1 Nitrogen and 3 Hydrogen
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2H2 + O2 2 H2O
Reactants Product
2 hydrogen molecules combined with 1
oxygen molecule yields 2 water molecules.
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Methane - CH4
Formaldehyde - CH2O
Ethanol - C2H6O
Salicylic acid (used for acne) - C7H6O3
Histamine - C5H9N3
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Contain the elements Carbon and Hydrogen.
are made from plant or animal products
They can also include other elements such as oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur
All living things are organic compounds
Organic compounds are formed by producers that use carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil to make food
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Organisms also use nitrogen, phosphorus and
sulfur to form cells and tissues.
How can I remember all of these elements?
SPONCH!
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Living organisms
obtain elements
needed to make
organic compounds
They get these
compounds from:
The atmosphere (air)
Water from the soil
Consuming other
organisms
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Organic compounds are formed by producers
that use carbon dioxide from the air and
water from the soil to make food.
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Latin prefix “in-” means “not, lacking, without”
Compounds that do not contain Carbon (bonded to a hydrogen)
Is carbon dioxide (CO2 ) organic or inorganic? Why?
Inorganic compounds are produced by non-living natural processes or by human intervention in the laboratory
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Salt
NaCl
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Glucose
C6H12O6
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Carbon Dioxide
CO2
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Water
H2O
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Caffeine
C8H10N4O5
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Fertilizer
Ca2(PO4)2
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Chlorophyll
C55H72MgN4O5
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The phrase carbon cycle is used to describe how
the carbon in the environment flows among
living beings, inorganic matter and the
atmosphere.
The path that carbon follows as it cycles through
the air, earth, plants, animals and fossil fuels
The carbon cycle is basically a two step process
involving photosynthesis and respiration.
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Fill in this page, then glue it in after your notes
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Nitrogen travels with the help of bacteria, water,
lightning, plants, and animals.
You will travel as nitrogen! See the nitrogen reservoir
signs around the room?
These are the places to which nitrogen can
travel. These places are called reservoirs.
To travel through the nitrogen cycle (different stations
around the room) based on dice rolls.
You will each carry a nitrogen passport with them and
stamp it each time they get to a nitrogen reservoir
station.
Then toss the die at the reservoir to determine their
next destination.
Don’t forget to note in the passport how they get from
one place to another based the roll of the die.
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Discussion
After everyone has filled their passport
worksheet, let’s discuss as a class:
How many stops can you make on your trip?
Will your journey ever end?
Was everyone’s journey the same? Why not?
What would happen if a farmer used too
much fertilizer? (In this game, that would
mean that everyone starts from the fertilizer
station at the same time.)
What would happen if we burnt too many
fossil fuels?
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