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T-junctions in spline surfaces
Siggraph 2018, Vancouver
Kȩstutis Karčiauskas, Daniele Panozzo, Jörg PetersFunded by NSF-CCF and DARPA TRADES
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T-junctions in spline surfaces
Siggraph 2018, Vancouver
Kȩstutis Karčiauskas, Daniele Panozzo, Jörg PetersFunded by NSF-CCF and DARPA TRADES
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T-junctions = where features start or terminate
G-spline control net
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“Make irregularities (T-junctions) disappear”
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T-junctions = where features start or terminate
G-spline control netG-spline control
netcarcar
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“Make T-junction disappear”
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T-junctions = where features start or terminate
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➢ Automatic quad meshing
strict quad-meshing [Bommes et al. 2012; Vaxman et al. 2016] complex and global
→ T-meshes [Li et al. 2006; Lai et al. 2008, Alliez et al. 2003; Marinov Kobbelt 2004, Myles et al. 2010; 2014a; Pietroni et. 2016, Zadravec et al. 2010; PengWonka 2013, Ray et al. 2006; Jakob et al. 2015] Instant field-aligned meshes
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T-junctions = where features start or terminate
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➢ Automatic quad meshing
➢ Merge separately-developed spline surfaces
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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Overview
➢ Configurations➢ Alternatives
○ T-junctions → T-splines ?○ T-junctions → Catmull-Clark subdivision ?○ T-junctions → Geometric continuity ?
➢ Construction➢ T- G-splines = merging meshes T1 T2 T3
The extremely short (use it) presentation
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T-G-spline surface construction: executive version
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Turn into smooth surface
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Highlight lines
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Farin
uniform, parallel = good (unless feature)
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Highlight lines
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Farin
reflection lines highlight lines
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T-G-spline surface construction: executive version
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bi-4 bi-3
Outer can be irregular
assume isolated T-junction
bi-3 bi-3
bi-3 bi-3 bi-3 bi-3
bi-3
bi-3 bi-4
bi-3 = bi-cubic =polynomial patch ofcoordinate degree 4
Turn into smooth surface
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Short explicit formulas (stencils)
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T-G-spline bi-4 = 5 x 5 Bezier coefficients
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Short explicit formulas13
T-G-spline bi-4 = 5x5 coefficient stencils
-1 -2 3 0 19 258 150 57 232 186 8 -10 4 -4 0 0
/864F# Code:
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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Long version: Overview
➢ Some T-configurations➢ Alternatives
○ T-junctions → T-splines ?○ T-junctions → Catmull-Clark subdivision ?○ T-junctions → Geometric continuity ?
➢ Construction➢ T-G-splines = merging meshes T1 T2 T3
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T-junctions (Extended) Configurations T1 T2 T3
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Extended to regular bi-3 neighborhood
T1
T2
T3
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Configurations: Meshing & Surface quality
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Trade off between meshing work and surface construction:
Bad mesh → bad surface
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T-junctions -- use with care !
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bad design or intended?
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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Long version: Overview
➢ Some T-configurations➢ Alternatives
○ T-junctions → T-splines ?○ T-junctions → Catmull-Clark subdivision ?○ T-junctions → Geometric continuity ?
➢ Construction➢ T-G-splines = merging meshes T1 T2 T3
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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T-junctions → T-splines ?
T Sederberg, J Zheng, A Bakinov, A. Nasri 03
localglobal
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
“band-aid”local
Approach 1: T-splines
“cast”global
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T-junctions → T-splines (hierarchical splines)?
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
→ horizontal knot intervals of the grey helical strip have 0 knot intervals→ no smooth T-spline parameterization!
Denis Zorin et al: two different knots sets on either side of an edge21
where T-splines fail
0 1
1 Dagstuhl 2016
T-splines: “Rule 1”sum of knot intervals on opposing edges of any face must be equal
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
no smooth T-spline parameterization!22
where T-splines (hierarchical splines) fail
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Hierarchical splines [Kraft1998;Seder2003;Giannelli12;Dokken13,Kang15]
➢ well-suited for introducing T-junctions in quad meshes (refinement)
➢ not naturally suited for creating smooth surfaces from given quad meshes with T-junctions.
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When (not) to use Hierarchical Splines
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T-junctions → Catmull-Clark subdivision?
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
How Catmull-Clark subdivision fails
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T-junctions → Geometric Continuity?
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
T1-G-spline surface construction
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
(T)-spline vs T-G-spline
input remesh (T-) spline T-G-spline
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Summary: T-junctions in spline surfaces
T-splines (global parameterization)
Catmull-Clark (local, shape?)
T-G-splines (local)
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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Long version: Overview
➢ Some T-configurations➢ Alternatives
○ T-junctions → T-splines ?○ T-junctions → Catmull-Clark subdivision ?○ T-junctions → Geometric continuity ?
➢ Construction➢ T-G-splines = merging meshes T1 T2 T3
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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T1-G-spline surface construction
T1
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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T1-G-spline surface construction
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Short explicit formulas
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T1-G-spline surface construction
Geometric continuity
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Short explicit formulas
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T1-G-spline surface construction
bi-4 bi-3
bi-3 bi-3
bi-3 bi-3 bi-3 bi-3
bi-3
bi-3 bi-4
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Short explicit formulas
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T1-G-spline surface construction
/144
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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T1-G-spline surface construction
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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T2-G-spline surface construction
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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T3-G-spline surface construction recommended
T3
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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Long version: Overview
➢ Some T-configurations➢ Alternatives
○ T-junctions → T-splines ?○ T-junctions → Catmull-Clark subdivision ?○ T-junctions → Geometric continuity ?
➢ Construction T1 T2 T3➢ T-G-splines
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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Long version: Overview
➢ Some T-configurations➢ Alternatives
○ T-junctions → T-splines ?○ T-junctions → Catmull-Clark subdivision ?○ T-junctions → Geometric continuity ?
➢ Construction T1 T2 T3➢ T-G-splines
[NKP15]Tabulate as Bezier
valence n=3
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
Combining T-junctions with other irregularities
bi-3 (gold) + bi-4 T-G-spline mean curvature
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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T3-G-spline surface construction
A truly watertight tea pot!
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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T3-G-spline surface construction of the truly watertight tea pot
Cut open
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T-junctions in Spline Surfaces
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T3-G-spline surface construction of the truly watertight tea pot
Thank you
K Karciauskas, D Panozzo, Jorg Peters