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Systematic approach to source-sink matching for geological carbon
capture and sequestration
Marlo GaweyGIS for Water Resources
November 22, 2011
World Resources Institute
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CO2
CO2
CO2 CO2CO2
CO2
CO2CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2CO2CO2
Motivation
http://indianapublicmedia.org
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Carbon Capture & Sequestration (CCS)
http://www.globalccsinstitute.com/ccs/how-ccs-works
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Current Carbon Capture and Sequestration Projects
http://www.globalccsinstitute.com/projects/map
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Carbon Capture and Sequestration in Texas
http://www.globalccsinstitute.com/projects/map
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1. Correct pressure and temp.2. Porous3. Permeable4. Fluid trapping mechanism
IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme
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Subsurface Layers of Rock to Store Fluids
Biddle, K.T. and Wielchowsky, C.C., 1994, “Ch. 13: Hydrocarbon Traps,” Magoon, L.B. and W.G. Dow, eds, AAPG Memoir 60.
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Major Enhanced Oil Recovery Fields in TX
Data from BEG Oil Atlas courtesy of C. Breton
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IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme
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Sources
Ethylene plants Hydrogen plants Iron & steel refineries Oil & gas refineries Ammonia plants Cement plants Power plants (coal)
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Major US CO2 Producers
Data from USGS, IEA, TNRIS courtesy of C. Breton
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Major TX CO2 Producers
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Source-Sink Matching
1. Minimize distance from source to sink2. Minimize distance to CO2 pipelines, if possible
3. Avoid sensitive areas– Protected aquifers– State & national parks– High density population areas
http://upload.wikimedia.org
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Goals
1. Create unique maps for qualitative source-sink matching
2. Use some spatial analysis to tease out prospective source-sink matches
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Major TX Aquifers & Reservoirs
Data from TNRIS and BEG
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TX Aquifers & Protected Areas
Data from BEG Oil Atlas courtesy of C. Breton
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1) Merge protected areas
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2) Select sources & sinks within 10 km of protected areas
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Result
227 Sources2973 Sinks
296 Sources3207 Sinks
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CO2 Pipelines in & around TX
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… using the same method as before
25 km zone
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Result
705 reservoirs10 CO2 producers
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Nearest Sink to Sources
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What’s Next?Create a population density map…
…And use it to screen for Sources & Sinks
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Steps:
1. Download block shapefiles with population and housing unit counts in them http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger/tgrshp2010/pophu.html
Population count in each housing unit
These polygons describe housing units
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3) Consolidate data
HUGE data set:914,231 polygons!
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2) Calculate areas of blocks
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3) Using “Field Calculator” in Attribute Table, calculate population density
4) Export the population density data to a new feature class and map it!