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ROLE OF RESEARCH IN SHARED MOBILITY
AND PUBLIC POLICYSusan Shaheen
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OVERVIEW Role of government in carsharing Role of research
Past Present Future
Advancing Carsharing Research and Policy Defining government’s role in sharing economy Shared mobility as key component of policy and planning Balancing data sharing with data privacy Developing metrics and models to measure impacts Addressing accessibility
© UC Berkeley, 2015
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ROLE OF GOVN’T
Insurance
Parking (Rights-of-Way)
Policy + Planning
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Taxation
Multi-Modal Integration
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ROLE OF RESEARCH: EARLY YEARS
1. Fund field tests + pilot programs
2. Test + demonstrate viability of innovative services + behavioral adoption
3. Document impacts of emerging modes
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CarLink, Dublin-Pleasanton BART station, January 1999
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ROLE OF RESEARCH: TODAY1. Track trends +
developments in shared mobility
2. Conduct before and after analyses of social + envt’l impacts to inform policy
3. Understand longitudinal trends
© UC Berkeley, 2015
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ROLE OF RESEARCH: TOMORROW1. Understand impacts of emerging technologies on
carsharing2. Collect data to inform transportation policy,
planning + modeling 3. Understand longitudinal trends + city/reg’l impacts
(smart cities approach)
© UC Berkeley, 2015
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CONFLUENCE OF TRENDS
Shared Mobility
Electric Vehicles
Automated Vehicles
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Shaheen, 2015
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ADVANCING CARSHARING
RESEARCH AND POLICY© UC Berkeley, 2015
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1. Consider federal policy, state, and local guidance and funding (e.g., model legislation; best practices; fairness issues; loans, grants, and lines of credit; etc.)
2. Lead discussions around performance metrics and model development
3. Engage FTA, public transit agencies, state/local state and local stakeholder
REDEFINING GOVERNMENT’S ROLE IN SHARING ECONOMY
© UC Berkeley, 2015
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1. Develop best practices for developer and zoning regulations + access to public rights-of-way
2. Integrate shared mobility into local planning models, plans, and processes (incorporate agreed upon metrics and data)
SHARED MOBILITY AS KEY COMPONENT OF PLANNING AND POLICY
Portland: Developers can buy down half of their parking requirement by providing extra bicycle/motorcycle parking or spaces for car- or bikesharing services. At city's discretion, developers can bypass the minimum where providing parking might negatively impact neighborhood
San Francisco: San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (SFMTA) carsharing parking policy permitting on-street parking
© UC Berkeley, 2015
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BALANCING DATA SHARING WITH PRIVACY
1. Develop policy to collect aggregated data to monitor and evolve policy (e.g., state, national level or both)
2. Consider “opt-in” incentives to encourage consumer data sharing
© UC Berkeley, 2015
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1. Use apps & telematics to collect data with user “opt-in” (e.g., vehicle use and revenue)
2. Update national travel surveys to include carsharing, roundtrip, and one-way travel behaviors
3. Incorporate carsharing into activity-based and transportation/land-use models
4. Include carsharing in GDP and labor statistics
5. Model travel behaviors and impacts of carsharing service models, pricing, etc.
DEVELOPING MODELS & METRICS TO MEASURE IMPACTS
© UC Berkeley, 2015
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1. Explore accessibility issues with local governments and stakeholders, public transit authorities, FTA, and APTA
2. Explore policies to mainstream services to more diverse populations (e.g., incentives, tax credits, pilot programs, discounts, etc.)
3. Consider developing model policy guidance
4. Develop strategies that address digital and income divide
ADDRESSING ACCESSIBILITY
© UC Berkeley, 2015
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Federal Highway Administration California Department of Transportation Mineta Transportation Institute, San Jose State UniversityAdam Cohen and Nelson Chan, TSRC, UC Berkeley Special thanks to worldwide shared mobility operators, experts, CarSharing Association, and other industry partners and associations that make our research possible
© UC Berkeley, 2015
www.tsrc.berkeley.eduEmail: [email protected]
Twitter: SusanShaheen1