Download - SURVIVING CHANGE: IT CAN HAPPEN!
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SURVIVING CHANGE:
IT CAN HAPPEN!
Patricia A. La Brosse, APRN-BC
University Hospital and Clinics
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“I can’t change the direction of the windBUT
I can adjust my sails to
always reach my destination”
~Jimmy Dean~
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SELF-ASSESSMENT
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Change Theories
• Reddin’s Theory
• Lewin’s Theory
• Rogers’ Theory
• Havelock’s Theory
• Lippitt’s Theory
• Spradley’s Model
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It isn’t the changes that do you in,
it’s the transitions
Change is situational…
Transition … is psychological
~William Bridges~
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“Three-phase process that people go
through as they internalize and come to
terms with the details of the new
situation that the change brings about.”
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Phases of TransitionThe New
Beginning
THE
NEUTRAL
ZONE
Ending,
Losing,
Letting Go (Bridges, 1991)
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Phase 1 – The Ending
• Change begins with an ending
• Letting go of old ways
• What “was” no longer “is”
• Employees experience grief and loss
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Phase 2 – Neutral Zone
• Old is gone but new isn’t operational
• Psychological no-man’s-land
• Critical psychological realignments & repatternings take place
• Innovation is most likely & revitalization begins to happen.
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Phase 3 – New Beginning
• Staff adopt the new identity
• Experience new energy
• Discover a new sense of purpose that makes the change begin to work
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Human Factors of Change
• Responses that facilitate or impede
• Vary from full acceptance & willing participation to open rejection
• Reluctance and resistance are common when personal security is threatened
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Resistance to Change• Denial
• Anger
• Bargaining
• Chaos
• Depression
• Resignation
• Openness
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Responses
• Innovators – thrive on change
• Early adopters – respected by peers – sought out for advice & information regarding change
• Early majority – prefer doing what has been done in the past – eventually accept change
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Responses (cont)
• Late majority – openly negative - accept change after most others
• Laggards – openly express resistance to change
• Rejectors – actively oppose change – may sabotage overall success of change
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Where Is This Coming From?
• Family Upbringing
• Past successes and failures
• Mental outlook
• Communication
• Age and values
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“If you want to make enemies, try to change something.”
~Woodrow Wilson~
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Embracing Change
• Accept change as a natural part of life.
• Understand your own style and preferences in dealing with change.
• Identify ways in which you can contribute.
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Embracing Change (cont)
• Build your own support system.
• Choose your attitude.
• Be tolerant of mistakes, your own and those made by others.
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Embracing Change (cont)
• Assume responsibility for your own response to change.
• Focus on your strengths; don’t let them become weaknesses.
• Keep things in perspective. Keep your sense of humor.
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Embracing Change (cont)• Support your colleagues and managers.
• Focus on areas in which you have control or influence.
• Identify personal stress and practice stress management strategies.
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STRESSSTRESS
“Stress is simply the adaptation of our bodies and minds to change;
and change
is about the only constant left in the workplace.”
~Peter G. Hanson, M.D.~
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• 43% of all adults have health problems related to stress
• 75-90% of all doctor visits are stress-related
• 82% of workers are at least a little stressed in the workplace
• Stress is known to cost American businesses more than $300 billion each year
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Workplace Stress
• Troubled economy may feel like an emotional roller coaster.
• "Layoffs" and "budget cuts" have become bywords in the workplace,
• The result is increased fear, uncertainty, and higher levels of stress.
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• When people feel overwhelmed and distressed they lose confidence & focus
• Very often become withdrawn and irritable which in turn affects productivity & effectiveness
• Chronic or intense stress can also lead to physical and emotional health problems.
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Signs & Symptoms
• Feeling anxious, irritable, or depressed
• Apathy, loss of interest in work
• Increased call-ins
• Problems sleeping
• Fatigue
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Signs & Symptoms (cont)
• Muscle tension or headaches
• Stomach problems
• Social withdrawal
• Using alcohol or drugs to cope
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NOW WHAT ABOUT YOU???
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PERSONAL RESPONSES TO STRESS
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Taking Care of Yourself • Pay attention to your physical and
emotional health
• When your own needs are addressed, you’re stronger & more resilient to stress
• Taking care of yourself doesn’t require a total lifestyle overhaul
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• Small things can lift your mood, increase your energy, & put you back in the driver’s seat
• Take one step at a time
• More positive lifestyle choices → a difference in your stress level
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• Get moving – Aerobic exercise (perspiring)– Lifts mood, increase energy, sharpen focus,
relax mind & body– 30 minutes/day (can break up into smaller
segments)
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• Food choices– Eating small, frequent meals keep blood
sugar level (low levels → irritability)– Determine personal choices for healthy
eating
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• Moderate alcohol intake– Temporarily reduces anxiety and worry– Too much can cause anxiety as it wears off– Potential for alcohol abuse and dependence
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• Avoid nicotine– Nicotine is a powerful stimulant – Leads to higher, not lower, – levels of anxiety
• Get enough sleep– Stress & worry cause insomnia– Lack of sleep leaves you
vulnerable to stress
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• Prayer and Meditation– Have a connection to something or someone
higher than yourself. – Prayer puts things into perspective &
provides balance
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• Self-Reflection – Allows you to take a deeper look into yourself– Focus on the things that are
positive for a sense of well-being
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• Alone Time – Make sure you make time for you
– You have to be alone once in a while
to re-connect with yourself
– Use this time to write in a journal, pray or meditate
Enjoy the silence!
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• Social needs – Personal relationships are very important– We all need social interaction
– Enjoy a regular night out
with friends far away
from work
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• Exercise Your Brain – You have to constantly stimulate your brain– Work puzzles or play computer games that
involve some sort of strategy– This will keep you sharp & ready for anything
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• Be Organized
– Keep your life tidy and organized
– Set up a routine in which you can incorporate these self-care tips in your day
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• Respect yourself – You can’t do any of these things unless you
have self-respect– Don’t respect yourself because of the things
you do in your life
Respect yourself because
of who you are on the inside
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In Closing
• Change is inevitable
• Change can be stressful
• Responses to change are individual
• Self-care is essential to successfully leading staff through change
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“I can’t change the direction of the windBUT
I can adjust my sails to
always reach my destination”
~Jimmy Dean~