![Page 1: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Summer forage managementGabriel Pent, Ph.D.
Shenandoah Valley AREC
McCormick Farm
Virginia Tech
![Page 2: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management systems. VAES 86:7.
![Page 3: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Reduced cutting height increases stress
Jones & Tracy. 2015. Orchardgrass die-off. Crops and Soils 48:3.
![Page 5: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Effect of cutting height on yield
Jones. 2016. Persistence and productivity of orchardgrass(Dactylis glomerata L.) hay stands. Dissertation. Virginia Tech.
![Page 6: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Effect of cutting height on regrowth
• 11 days after defoliation• 7.5 cm = 3”
• 2.5 cm = 1”
Jones et al. 2017. Physiological effect of cutting height and high temperature on regrowth vigor in orchardgrass. Frontiers in Plant Science 8:805.
![Page 7: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Effect of cutting height on persistence
Jones. 2016. Persistence and productivity of orchardgrass(Dactylis glomerata L.) hay stands. Dissertation. Virginia Tech.
![Page 8: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Thinking ahead – summer slump
![Page 9: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Summer stockpiling
• Defer grazing on selected pastures: spring green-up to fall• Utilize while fall-stockpiling
![Page 10: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Summer stockpiled tall fescue
StudyTDN CP
Forage availability
------- % ------- ---- lb/ac ----
Booher, Benner, & Fiske. 2017. VCE CSES-201NP.
60 11.3 6840
Langford. 2020. Virginia Tech thesis. >62 >9.8 5350-7140
![Page 11: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Summer annuals
![Page 12: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
When do annuals make sense?
• When seed is discounted
![Page 13: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
• When seed is discounted• During the pasture renovation process
When do annuals make sense?
![Page 14: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
• When seed is discounted• During the pasture renovation process• When high quality or emergency feed is needed
When do annuals make sense?
![Page 15: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Evaluating hayfields and pastures
![Page 16: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Spring FallSummer
Yie
ld
Season
NovelSmotherTall Fescue
2nd SprayKills:• volunteer seed• escape tillers• weeds• smother crop1st Spray
Kills:• old stand• weeds
Spray-smother-spray
grasslandrenewal.org
![Page 17: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Spring FallSummer
Yie
ld
Season
Tall Fescue Novel
Second Spray:Kills:• volunteer seedlings• escape tillers• weeds
First Spray:Kills:• old fescue
Clip
Spray-wait-spray
grasslandrenewal.org
![Page 18: Summer forage management...2020/05/22 · Summer forage management Gabriel Pent, Ph.D. Shenandoah Valley AREC McCormick Farm Virginia Tech Blaser et al. 1986. Forage-animal management](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081522/5fc4b6942df14d794036ec2b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Clipping pastures
• Pinkeye control? No evidence• Weed control? Takes repeated mowing• Improve nutritive value? Useful for some• Aesthetics? Depends on the beholder
Pent. 2020. Clipping pastures. The Virginia Forager 40:1.