Download - Suicide presentation
DEPRESSION &
SUICIDEMrs.B.Kavitha M.Sc (N)
Associate ProfessorAswini College Of Nursing
Thrissur
Suicide is a deliberate act of taking or completing
one’s own life
INCIDENCE & PREVALENCE
30,000 people end lives each year8th leading cause of death among adults3rd leading cause of death among adolescents
1.2 lakh/yr suicidal deaths4 lakh/yr attempt suicideMajority of suicide (37.8%) -< 30 yr age gp.77 % suicide - < 44 yr age- huge burden
ABOUT SUICIDE AND DEPRESSION……
Major depression is the psychiatric diagnosis most commonly associated with suicide
About 2/3 of people who complete suicide are depressed at the time of their deaths
One out of every 16 people who are diagnosed with depression eventually go on to end their lives through suicide
ABOUT SUICIDE AND DEPRESSION……
The risk of suicide in people with major depression is
about 20 times that of the general population
People who have had multiple episodes of depression are
at greater risk for suicide than those who have had one
episode
People who have a dependence on alcohol or drugs in
addition to being depressed are at greater risk for suicide
Depression distorts a person's thinking
Make them to focus only on their failures and disappointments &
Exaggerate the negative things.
The loss of pleasure and the low energy that is part of depression can make every problem (even small ones) seem like too much to handle.
Low energy The loss of
pleasure
HelplessnessHopelessnes
s
Suicide Attempt
Isolation
Anhedonia
Hopelessness
Physical illness
Global Insomnia
Financial / social loss
Irritability & Agitation
Aggressive tendencies
Anxiety / Panic Attacks
Family history of suicide
Previous suicide attempt
Easy access to lethal methods
Talk About Suicide /A Prior History Of Attempts/Acts
PEOP
LE W
HO A
RE D
EPRE
SSED
AND
EXHI
BIT
THE
FOLL
OWIN
G
SYM
PTOM
S
ARE AT PARTICULAR RISK FOR
SUICIDE:
METHODS OF
COMMITTING SUICIDE
Hanging ( 31.7 %)
Poisoning –pesticide, drug overdose etc (34.8%)
Firearms – (8 %)
Drowning
Wrist cutting
Jumping from height Vehicular impact-rail or traffic
collision
SUICIDE MYTHS•Fact :Most people who commit suicide have talked about or given definite warning signs of their suicidal intentions.
Myth: People who talk about suicide do not
commit suicide.
•Fact : There are almost always warning signs, but others are often unaware of the significance of the warnings or unsure about what to do.
Myth: Suicide happens without
warning.
•Fact: Suicide is preventable. Most suicidal people desperately want to live; they are just unable to see alternatives to their problems.
Myth: Suicidal people are fully intent on dying. Nothing
others do or say can help.
•Fact: Most suicidal people are suicidal for only limited periods of time. However, someone who has made an attempt is at increased risk for future attempts.
Myth: Once someone is suicidal, they are
suicidal forever.
•Fact :Many suicides occur several months after the beginning of improvement, when a person has energy to act on suicidal thoughts.
Myth: Improvement after a suicidal crisis means that the risk of suicide is over.
•Fact: Suicide cuts across social and economic boundaries.
Myth: Suicide strikes most often among the rich, or
conversely, among the poor.
PROTECTIVE FACTORS Appropriate treatment for mental, physical
and substance abuse disorders Family and community support Restricted access to highly lethal method of
suicide Learned skill in problem solving, conflict
resolution cultural and religious belief that discourages
suicide ideation
GENERALLY Ask pt. directly, “Have you thought about harming
yourself in any way?” “If so, what do you plan to do?”. “Do you have the means to carry out this plan?”
Create safe environment; remove all potentially harmful objects; supervise closely; room searches
Formulate short-term verbal or written agreement that pt will not harm self; when time seek another; secure pt will seek staff when feelings of self harm
Maintain close observation; 1:1 or q15, room close to nurse station, no private room, accompany to toilet if needed
Special precaution in administering medication Rounds at frequent irregular intervals Encourage pt expression of honest feelings, including
anger
Encourage the person to seek treatme
nt.
Help the person get assistance
. Facilitate open
communication &
Be respectful of the person’s feelings.
Don’t be patronizi
ng or judgmen
tal.
Never promise to keep
someone’s
suicidal feelings a secret.
Offer reassuran
ce.
Encourage the person
to avoid alcohol
and drugs.
What you can do:
SUICIDE IS NOT A SOLUTION TO ANY PROBLEM