Download - Structure (Plasma Membrane) A lipid bilayer(2 layers of lipids) with a variety of proteins
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Structure(Plasma Membrane)
A lipid bilayer(2 layers of lipids) with a variety of proteins
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Lipid molecule
Proteins
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Identify the lipid molecules.Identify the protein molecules.
What is a ‘lipid bilayer’?
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Function
-To be Selective Permeable: =control what passes in or out of the cell
(Plasma Membrane)
-Helps maintain Homeostasis: = maintain a stable internal environment
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-Act as a lining, separates the chemicals of the cytoplasm from the surroundings
What the lipids do…
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(Plasma Membrane)
. 1. Form a. open channels b. gated channels
c. active transport pathways,All to move molecules in & out
of the cell!
What the proteins do…
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Open channels
Ex. 1 of channel proteins.
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Gated channel
Ex. 2 of channel proteins.
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(Plasma Membrane)
-Receptors that change cellular activity.
Protein Function #2
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Receptor protein
Signal molecule
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Change cellular activity
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(Plasma Membrane)
-Create a molecular mark (signature) that identifies that specific, individual cell.
Protein Function #3
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Recognition protein
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LOOK!
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Types of particle that might cross membranes.
Tiny molecules, like…
WaterOxygen& Carbon dioxide
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Types of particle that might cross membranes.
Small molecules, like…
Glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and glycerol
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Water Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen
Aminoacid
Glycerol GlucoseFatty Acid
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Yet more types of particles that might cross
cell membranes!Yes, even large molecules,
such as…
PolysaccharidesLipids & proteins!
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Lipid soluble molecules
Fats,Fatty acids
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Charged particles
ions
Na+, K+, Cl+
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Even Large Particles may sometimes cross the selectively
permeable cell membrane!
Such as…small organisms and Organic debris
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DiffusionMovement of particles from an area of high
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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Diffusion requires a Concentration
gradientWhen the
concentration of particles is not the same throughout a
mixture.
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Concentration Gradient
There is a region of high concentration and
a region of low concentration.
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Go to page 7 in the note packet and
learn about the use of square brackets.
[ ]
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Do the activity The Tea Cup
& The Swimming Pool
on page 8.
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EquilibriumWhen the concentration
of particles is the same throughout a mixture.
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EquilibriumThere is no region of high, nor a region of low concentration of
particles.
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EquilibriumAll particle continue to
move.
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Diffusion
Concentrationgradient
Equilibrium
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TRANSPORTThe Movement of
Materials
Across Membranes
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PassiveTransport
Materials move down the concentration
gradient and across a membrane.
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What determines if a particle can go through a channel?
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Dialysis Tubing
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OsmosisThe passive
transport of water across a membrane.
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Thistle Tube Demo
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watermolasses
thistle tube
Selectively permeable membrane
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Active TransportParticles move
•Across a SPM.•Against the concentration gradient.
•The cells must spend energy.
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Active transport allows particles to move against the
concentration gradient.(from an area of _____
concentration to an area of ___ concentration)HIGH
LOW
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An exampleof Active Transport:
All animal cells have a Sodium Potassium pump that pumps sodium (Na+) to the outside of cells and potassium (K+) to the inside of cells.
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This ‘pump’ allows nerve cells to carry electrical messages through the
body!
+ + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Nerve cell
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The Cell Membrane of a nerve cell
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EndocytosisParticles move INTO the cell by folding a portion of the membrane around a particle, resulting in a vesicle.
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There are two types of Endocytosis:
Pinocytosis - drinkingDissolved materials
Phagocytosis - eatingFood particles
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Pinocytosis
The solute particles are too small to see but too big to pass through the membrane.
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ExocytosisParticles move OUT OF a cell by fusing vesicles with the cell membrane.
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Maintaining water balance
in Protists
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Facilitated Transport(Facilitated Diffusion)
-Diffusion using protein channels
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Transport protein
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Gated channel
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The End