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Structure of DNA
Fig. 2.1.1
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Proteins are synthesized by an interaction between DNA and RNA
Fig. 2.1.2
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Concordance in Twin Studies
Identical Twins
Adopted- rearedapart… differentparents, differentenvironments
If one isschizophrenicwhat is the chance that the other will be?????
Fig. 2.1.3
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Correlation Coefficients of Different Sizes
r= 0.0
No relation
r= 0.99
Strong linear relation
Fig. 2.1.4
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IQ Correlations for Different Types of Children
Fig. 2.1.5
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Correlation Coefficients of Different Sizes
r= 0.0
No relation
r= 0.99
Strong linear relation
r= 0.70
moderate linear relation
Fig. 2.1.6
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Conditioned Taste Aversion
Step 1:Present familiarFlavor A.
Fig. 2.2.1
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Conditioned Taste Aversion
Step 2:Present unfamiliarFlavor B. Also,rat receivesan injection of asubstance thatgenerates sicknessor nausea.
Fig. 2.2.2
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Conditioned Taste Aversion
Step 3: Retention.Present both flavors(A and B). Which oneDo they consume?
Fig. 2.2.3
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Conditioned Taste Aversion
Step 3: Retention.Rats and other animals avoid the flavor associated with prior sickness or nausea!
Fig. 2.2.4
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Classical or Pavlovian Conditioning
Fig. 2.4.1
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Event Record of Temporal Conditions
CS
CS
CS
CS
US
US
US
US
Type of Conditioning
Simultaneous
Backwards
Short Delay
Time
Long Delay
Occurrence of CS or US Fig. 2.4.2
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Extinction and Spontaneous Recovery
Acquisition(CS presented
With US)
Extinction(CS presentedWithout US)
Successive Days of Extinction(spontaneous recovery in
beginning of each session)
trials
CR
AM
PL
ITU
DE
Fig. 2.4.3
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Generalization
Blue light
+ FOOD
response
...SALIVATION
…after many trials with blue light, present similar blue light..
Similar blue light
response
SALIVATION
.Fig. 2.4.4
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Discrimination
Blue light
+ FOOD
response
...SALIVATION
…after many trials with blue light, present red light..
red light
response
NO SALIVATIONFig. 2.4.5
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Additional Conditioning Phenomena
• Semantic Conditioning
• Conditioned Emotional Response (CER) conditioning
• Immune System Conditioning
Fig. 2.4.6