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Ant Algorithm and its Applications for Solving Large Scale Optimization
Problems on Parallel Computers
Stefka FidanovaInstitute for Information and
Communication TechnologiesBulgarian Academy of Sciences
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Hard Optimization Problems
• Vehicle routing problem
• Decision making problem
• Cutting stock problem
• Sensor layout problem
• GPS surveying problem
• Multidimensional surface global optimum
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Metaheuristics
• A metaheuristics are methods for solving a very general class of computational problems by combining user-given black-box procedures in the hope of obtaining a more efficient or more robust procedure. The name combines the Greek prefix "meta" ("beyond", here in the sense of "higher level") and "heuristic" (from ευρισκειν, heuriskein, "to find").
• Metaheuristics are generally applied to problems for which there is no satisfactory problem-specific algorithm or heuristic; or when it is not practical to implement such a method. Most commonly used metaheuristics are targeted to combinatorial optimization problems, but of course can handle any problem that can be recast in that form, such as solving boolean equations
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Metaheuristics Methods
• Genetic algorithm
• Simulated annealing
• Tabu search
• Ant colony optimization
• Particle swarm optimization
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Ant Colony OptimizationProcedure ACOBegin
initialize the pheromonewhile stopping criterion not satisfied do
position each ant on a starting noderepeat
for each ant dochose next node
end foruntil every ant has build a solutionupdate the pheromone
end whileend
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Level of Parallelism
• Problem division to subproblems
• Several ant colonies communicates after every iteration
• Several ant colonies without communications
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Problem Division to Subproblems
1
2
3
4
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Ant Colonies with communications
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Ant Colonies without communications
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Examples
• Sensor layout problem
• Global optimum on multidimensional surface
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Wireless Sensor Network
• Reconnaissance
• Surveillance
• Forest fire prevention
• Volcano eruption study
• Health data monitoring
• Civil engineering
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WSN Layout Problem
• High Energy Communication Node
• Sensing Radius
• Communication Radius
• Fully Covered and Connected Area
• Minimal Number of Sensors
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Sensor Layout Problem
• Ant colonies without communications
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Global Optimum on Multidimensional Surface
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Global Optimum on Multidimensional Surface
• Surface decomposition
• 4 ant colonies on one processor
• Several colonies without communications
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Thank for Your Attention