Download - Status of the Composite Vacuum Chambers
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 114 October 2011
Status of the Composite Vacuum ChambersM. Gallilee, C. Garion, M. Malabaila,
G. Schneider, S. Sgobba, M. Taborelli, R. Veness Experimental Beam Pipes Materials Carbon Beam Pipe Production Design Options and Status Outlook
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 214 October 2011
LHCb UX85/3
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 314 October 201110.06.10 G. Schneider TE/VSC
ATLAS
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 414 October 201110.06.10 G. Schneider TE/VSC
ALICE Central Beam Pipe Installation
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 514 October 201110.06.10 G. Schneider TE/VSC
CMS HF Pipe
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 614 October 201110.06.10 G. Schneider TE/VSC
CMS HF Pipe
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 714 October 2011
Beam Pipe Functionality ListVacuumLeak tightness (<10-11 mbar.l/s)Bakeable (> 200 °C, ideally 300 °C)Outgassing (<10-12 mbar.l/(s.cm2) Beam-surface aspects (photon, electron and ion desorption yields)Mechanically stable for all load conditionsTransparency to particlesActivationImpedanceAssure long-lifeCostAvailability
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 814 October 2011
Activation
Courtesy R. Veness, V. Hedberg
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 914 October 2011
And why not Beryllium? Brittle
High cost (several 100 000 Chf/m)
Toxic vapours when machined
Long deliveries
Limited number of suppliers
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 1014 October 2011
Material Options
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 1114 October 2011
Why do we want carbon material?
Material Youngs modulus[GPa]
Radiation Length [cm]
( Y-Modul)* Rad. Length [3Pa*cm]
Steel 200 1.7 1.0*104
Titanum 116 3.5 1.7*104
Aluminium 70 8.9 3.6*104
Carbon-Carbon 60 to 120 18.8 8.7*104(for 100 GPa)Carbon-Epoxi 100 to 250 18.8 11*104(for 200 GPa)
Beryllium 287 35.3 23*104
Nothing better than Beryllium…
… but carbon fibre composite is also attractive
3
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 1214 October 2011
Carbon Fibre Tube (1)Carbon fibres are about 0.005
to 0.01 mm thick
Several thousand fibres twisted together make a yarn
Make a fabric out of the yarn
Wind the fabric or yarn around a mandrol (tube) in any angle between 0° and 90°
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 1314 October 2011
Carbon Fibre Tube (2)Add filler material
Epoxy Epoxy, tar, …
Cure in an autoclave at 150 °C to 230 °C
Cure at 2000 °C
Carbon-Epoxy tube
High Youngs modulus (200 GPa)Max. bakeout temperature 230 °COutgassing not vacuum compatible
Carbon-Carbon tube
Good Young modulus (100 GPa)Max. bakeout temperature no issueOutgassing vacuum compatible
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 1414 October 2011
How to get a carbon beam pipe leak tight with high transparency?
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 1514 October 2011
HistoryComposite Tube developments at CERN in the 80’s
Carbon – Epoxi tube was installed in LEP experiment
Total Thickness 1.24 mmDiameter 106 mmInternal aluminium liner of 0.1 mm
Enventually failed, since the aluminium delaminated from the carbon structure
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 1614 October 2011
Vacuum Barrier InsideGlue aluminium liner to carbon composite tube
Looking into companies interested in the supplyLooking into options to increase the resin temperature stability. Current options are epoxy, polyimide, cyanite-esterQuotation exists (QinetiQ) for vapour deposition on carbon composite samples to test leak tightness
ChemicalCopper layer on carbon by electroplatingTest made: Not 100 % surface coverage due to « rough » surface of the windings. Corrosion due to plating bath coming out from the matrix after the coating
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 1714 October 2011
Vacuum Barrier Outside
Carbon Tube with Vacuum Barrier OutsideAdvantage: Air pressure will push the liner on the carbonDisadvantage: Carbon will be seen by the beam
Liner
Carbon Tube
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 1814 October 2011
Vacuum Barrier Outside
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 1914 October 2011
Vacuum Barrier Outside (1)Status
Outgassing tests were made on a SGL Carbon Sigrabond Tube of type 2001 G diameter 104/100 mm inside a 300 mm long Titanium Grade 2 tube 0.3 mm thick with Titanium 5 Conflat flanges.
Result: The outgassing rate is about 1x10E-12 mbar.l/(s.cm 2)
Test temperature: 250 °C
No leaks of the titanium conflat to stainless steel conflat found up to 250 °C
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 2014 October 2011
Vacuum Barrier Outside (2)
Spectrum of carbon-carbon beam pipe in Ti-vacuum barrier after bakeout at 200 °C
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 2114 October 2011
Beam ImpedanceBenoit Salvant BE/ABP is working on the subject.
5 micron of aluminium coating inside the carbon tube seems to be sufficient
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 2214 October 2011
Vacuum Barrier Material
Aluminium Titanium
Radiation Length 8.9 cm7.9 cm for 2219
3.5 cm
Galvanic coupling Critical Non-critical
Maximum Temperature
250 °C 300 °C
Young modulus 70 GPa 110 GPa
Thermal expansion(Carbon = 0)
23 µm/(m.K) 9 µm/mK
We go for aluminium in order assure maximum transparency
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 2314 October 2011
“Exotic Solutions”Carbon fibre aluminium composite
Exists, but only in small dimesions. Trying to find manufacturers
Honeycomb structure instead of carbonIn principle the technology exists, but we need very thin aluminium foil on either side of the honeycomb and we have high temperatures
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 2414 October 2011
Next development stepsCheck how the Carbon-Carbon Youngs modulus can be increasedLook for high temperature resinsNEG coating on carbon beam pipeIncrease length of test beam pipes to 2 mStudy how beam pipe length can be increased to 8 mProcure if possible Carbon-Aluminium tubeStudy honeycomb structure
Support: 12 Students from Oxford University given 3rd year project to study alternatives to beryllium (M. Gallilee)
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CERNEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
Gerhard Schneider 2514 October 2011
Composite Chambers 5 Year Roadmap
0.3 m Alu outer vacuum barrier/Carbon-carbon with NEG
0.3 m Carbon-epoxy*/Alu liner (glued or deposited)
0.3 m Carbon-Al composite
2m test chamber #2
2m test chamber #1Test chamber in SPS
Mid 2012 2014* Or other high temperature polymer like polyimide, cyanate-ester…