Download - Stages 0-3 = infected countries/zones
The role of FMD Reference Centres (RCs) and lab networks in relation to Regional Roadmaps and the Progressive Control Pathway (PCP) for FMD
[1] Prepared by:
Sumption K (1) , (1) European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD), FAO, Rome, Italy, (2) EMPRES Animal Health, FAO,
Rome, Italy
Stages 0-3 = infected countries/zones
Risk not controlledContinuous FMDV circulation
Critical risk points identified,strategy being developed
Critical points addressed incidence
Approaching freedomOutbreaks < once / year
Officially free with vaccinationNo circulation / containment zones only
0
1
2
3
4
Officially free without vaccinationNo circulation / containment zones only5
Progress 2009 – Regional/Global FMD Roadmaps:
West Eurasia (2 meetings; 14 countries: vision to 2020) West Eurasia Lab Network
Africa – Nairobi meeting (Jan 09) , Roadmaps for Southern, Eastern and West/Central
Global FMD Conference, Paraguay supported the Roadmaps approach, and Progressive Control
Pathway (PCP) recommended FAO promote and support networks (inc Lab
Networks) Global Gf-TADS Steering Committee (July):
recommended follow up task force to Paraguay (could become global FMD task force)
Regional/National Reference Centres
Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres
Reference Centres(UK, Belgium, Italy, South Africa, India, Russian Fed – at 3/09)
Intermediate, sporadic
Endemic FMD - Free
Free. Virus present in game parks Free with vaccination
Countries with multiples zones
Source: Annual OIE/FAO FMD Reference Laboratory Network Report, 2007
Pool 1O, A, Asia 1
Pool 2O, A, Asia 1
Pool 3O, A, Asia 1
Pool 6SAT 1, 2, 3
Pool 4A, O, SAT 1, 2, 3
Pool 5O, A, SAT 1, 2Pool 7
O, A
FMDV distribution: virus pools and FMD reference centres
Regional/National Reference Centres
Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres
Reference Centres(UK, Belgium, Italy, South Africa, India, Russian Fed – at 3/09)
Intermediate, sporadic
Endemic FMD - Free Free. Virus present in game parks Free with vaccination
Countries with multiples zonesSource: Annual OIE/FAO FMD Reference Laboratory Network Report, 2007
Pool 1O, A, Asia 1
Pool 2O, A, Asia 1
Pool 3O, A, Asia 1
Pool 6SAT 1, 2, 3
Pool 4A, O, SAT 1, 2, 3
Pool 5O, A, SAT 1, 2
Pool 7O, A
GLOBAL FMD Lab network (OIE/FAO):•annual meeting (2009 Delhi; 2010 Pirbright)•annual report (virus surveillance in 2009)•secretariat: WRL Pirbright•funds: FAO •African labs: OVI and BVI. Eastern Africa represented by Sabenzia Wekesa (2009)
One task for this meeting GLOBAL FMD Lab network (OIE/FAO) Report for 2009 Drafted by WRL Sections on each of the 7 virus pools sent to Ref Labs for comments – January 2010 this meeting should review POOL 5 – EASTERN AFRICA
section revision to be sent to WRL by 11th Feb Report will be finalised 13th Feb for submission to FAO & OIE
The Progressive Control Pathway for FMD (PCP-FMD) and Regional Roadmaps
PCP-FMD: is a set of control program activity stages leading to FMD freedom developed FAO, will be endorsed by OIE (2010) as part of Global
Framework for long term FMD control
Regional Roadmaps (RR) describe the anticipated progress along the PCP at national and regional level over longer term (e.g. to 2020) PCP at national level and RR at regional level National FMD labs
essential to support PCP activities need support - by regional networks
Regional FMD Lab networks
Pool 1/East Asia Active/new Pakchong, Thailand
Pool 2/South Asia India (PD-FMD) nominated for SAARC
Pool 3/West Eurasia Beginning Naci Bulut, Turkey (SAP Institute) leader
Europe Active/long term Pirbright leads, EC and EuFMD support
Pool 4/West Africa No leader identified
Pool 5/ Eastern Africa This meeting Leader(s) for 2010-11?
Pool 6/Southern Africa Active/new BVI (Botswana), leads
Pool 7/South America Active/long term Panaftosa leads
Stages 0-3 = infected countries/zones
Risk not controlledContinuous FMDV circulation
Critical risk points identified,strategy being developed
Critical points addressed incidence
Approaching freedomOutbreaks < once / year
Officially free with vaccinationNo circulation / containment zones only
0
1
2
3
4
Officially free without vaccinationNo circulation / containment zones only5
FAO Progressive control pathway - risk reduction approach
•not a top down prescribed approach: but each MS encouraged to develop national risk reduction strategies that are supportive to the regional effort
Progressive Control Pathway
Stage Monitoring Control Surveillance
0 No No No
1 Yes No No
2 Yes Yes No
3 Yes Yes Yes
Monitoring: testing without necessary actionSurveillance: testing with necessary action, i.e. containment of the infection
Requirements in various stages FMD notifiable in stage 1Lab services needed: NSP serology in stage 1 for risk identification FMD identification in stage 1 SP serology in stage 2 if vaccination is used Timely sending samples to WRL in stage 2 Sensitive virus identification (RT-PCR or VI) in stage 3
Laboratory services can be obtained from others
Other requirements: Contingency plan in stage 3 Farm e.g. GIS identification in stage 3 Animal identification preferred in stage 3
Eastern Africa – FMDV Pool 5 very broad range of serotypes/topotypes circulating serotypes A, O, SAT1,2,3 ....(type C?) contains unique topotypes to Eastern Africa some topotypes shared –or occasionally introduced from –
West/Central Africa (across sahel - ). occasional Eastern African SATs extend to Southern Africa
(Tanzania to Malawi/Northern Zambia) reservoirs of SAT viruses in wildlife in most countries extent of diversity
challenge for vaccine selection more epidemic waves/per year than other regions? →more chance individual has multiple FMD episodes
reason why chronic FMD cases reported (hairy panters syndrome) impact under-estimated?
An Eastern Africa FMD lab network national FMD labs and their experts isolated but often good
links to European Ref Labs needed for
services to identify FMDV circulation advice on vaccine suitability identifying/validating suitable tests for regional strains assisting capacity building – overcoming common problems improved risk assessment on new findings (emergent FMDV)
links: associated with FAO co-ordinated EARLN a “regional network ”” contributing to the GLOBAL network
(OIE/FAO FMD Reference Centre network co-ordinated by Pirbright)
Example: West Eurasia – FMD Lab networkfor countries in the West Eurasia Regional Roadmap
Terms of Reference for the Lab Network
a. the harmonisation of laboratory procedures to improve the confidence of veterinaryservices in the results obtained across the region;b. to improve early detection of emergent viruses, and communicate information to assistthe preparedness of each country for epidemic threats;c. to build expertise in each country, and improve capacity and performance oflaboratories across the region;d. to implement in network members a system for ring (proficiency) testing;e. that one laboratory will serve as a leading facility for gap analysis, training, andmanage proficiency tests (with OIE or FAO reference laboratories), will interface withRegional Epidemiological Unit, and host a regional laboratory network website.
Main Ref centres involved: WRL, IZSLER Brescia (Lindholm, Denmark) Lab Network representative on West Eurasia FMD Roadmap Advisory Committee, 2009-2010: Naci Bulut, SAP Institute Turkey
Future support –Eastern Africa FMD lab net $ enough for annual meeting and co-ordination EuFMD (FAO)
specialist FMD Commission Phase I support (2006-9) : Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan (average US$ 30,000
per lab) Phase II support (2010-12): proposals invited for new actions
that fit with objectives of improving virus typing and incidence monitoring (PCP Stage 1 )
grants about 50-95,000 per lab see Keith Sumption
Eastern Africa Ref Lab Network (EARLN) possible use of donor funds for African lab/epi networks (current focus
on HPAI, needs good proposals) bilateral /national projects will provide a great deal of the country
specific information (e.g. SACIDS project Tanzania)
FMD Roadmap development - Africa
Agreed timetable for Africa
Countries 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Algeria Egypt Libya
Mauritania Morocco Tunisia
Benin
Burkina Faso Cote D'Ivoire Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau Liberia
Mali
Niger
Nigeria
Senegal
Sierra Leone Togo
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Central African Republic
Chad
Congo (Dem. Rep. of the)
Congo (Rep. of the)
Equatorial Guinea Gabon
Sao Tome and Principe
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Somalia
Sudan
Tanzania
Burundi
Rwanda
Uganda
Angola ?? 4/5 4/5 Botswana 3z/5 3z/5 3z/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 Comoros Lesotho 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Madagascar
Malawi 4/5 Mauritius Mayotte (France) Mozambique
4/5 Namibia 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4Z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 Reunion (France) Seychelles South Africa
4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 Swaziland 4/5 Zambia 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5 4z/5Zimbabwe 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 4z/5
By 2020, there will be sufficient control of FMD in Africa to enable the livestock sector to participate in local, regional, sub-continental, international trade, and contribute to improved food security and livelihoods. In this regard, obtain by 2010 th Vision statement agreed at the Final Plenary Session, 30th January N ZVision statement for North Africa agreed at the OIE General Session, 26th May (Paris) Level 0
Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5
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Africa Roadmapsto 2020
Expected PCP progression,
North, West/Central,
East and Southern Africa
(Nairobi Workshop, Jan 09 and Algiers,
Feb 09)
2009 2020
FMD Roadmap development – AfricaRoadmap progression to 2020 – after Nairobi and Algiers Workshops (2009)
How to move forward? Stage 1 PCP activities –low cost monitoring project support - assist countries to achieve Stage 1 proposals encouraged – possible FAO support at least 2 proposals from Eastern Africa for Stage 1 activities
encouraged possible support (FAO, EuFMD) 2010-12 should stimulate other projects/countries to achieve Stage 1
Conclusions:Roadmaps need regional lab networks Progressive Control Stages (PCP) :
at most basic, need Ref centres for typing /vaccine matching: sequential addition of capacity Stage 1 PCP - NSP ELISA (national level) Stage 2 PCP – SP ELISA for monitoring vaccination campaigns Stage 3 PCP - rapid detection/typing for early control (<7 days typing to
strain level) Reference Centres:
provide services not present at National Level assist risk assessment – threat of new variants training and introduction of methods EQA initiate /support/promote regional supporting studies:
Full genome sequencing for epidemiology (West Eurasia) specific diagnostic guidance: e.g. rapid strain typing protocols
Building up regional lab networks: lets start from here!
start up funds needed – meetings, PT services make use of/develop support projects
e.g. HPAI – high level of support for networks each network has range of actors
technical service providers (receive or send biologicals) animators (make it happen, not always same as service
provider!) regional NRL members international RC (Global PT services - WRL Pirbright, etc) other stakeholders (vaccine producers, vet service risk
managers)
Acknowledgements EUFMD Commission member states EC (DG-SANCO –Regional workshops) FAO (J. Domenech, J. Lubroth, G Ferrari, J Pinto) OIE (G. Bruckner) African Union-IBAR (Pan African Workshop) FAO World Reference Laboratory (WRL) Pirbright (D Paton)
Supporting centres: EUFMD Secretariat staff (Nadia Rumich) RAHCs in Nairobi, Bamako, Beirut, Tunis, Gaborone, Nepal
End here – for discussion
Remaining slides explain the Roadmap and PCP approach – familiar to most participantsNairobi and Paraguay meetings - 2009