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SSWH1: The student will analyze the origins structures, and interactions of complex societies in the ancient Eastern Mediterranean from 3500 BCE to 500 BCE.
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Located in the Fertile Crescent between the
Persian Gulf and Mediterranean Sea, the Mesopotamians
developed Hammurabi’s Code,
one of the first detailed sets of laws.
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In Ancient Egypt, Pharaohs were worshipped as Gods.
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Zoroastrians were one of the first Monotheistic religions and influenced
Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
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The Phoenicians were known for their extensive trade networks and their
alphabet
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Hieroglyphics and Cuneiform were some of the earliest forms of writing.
Cuneiform Hieroglyphics
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SSWH2 The student will identify the major achievements of Chinese and Indian societies from 1100 BCE to 500 CE.
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The Maurya Empire and Gupta Empire in India developed Indian civilization.
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Both Hinduism and Buddhism emerged in India. Buddhism spread North into China.
Hinduism Buddhism
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• Zhou and Qin Dynasties began the Chinese series of dynasties.
• Qin She Huangdi built an elaborate tomb with soldiers to protect him.
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Confucianism became an important philosophy in China.
• Emphasized the importance of family and the father.
• Promoted the idea of a civil service examination for government officials.
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Geography played a very important role in Indian History. Pay attention to the major physical features.
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SSWH3 The student will examine the political, philosophical, and cultural interaction of Classical Mediterranean societies from 700 BCE to 400 CE.
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Athens focused more on democracy, education, and art while Sparta focused on
the military.
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Greek philosophy influenced both Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar.
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Alexander the Great spread Hellenism in all the areas he conquered.
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Both the Greeks and Romans were polytheistic until Christianity spread to those areas in the 3rd century
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Rome fell in the 5th century as a result of invasions from Germanic tribes.
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SSWH4 The student will analyze the importance of the Byzantine and Mongol empires between 450 CE and 1500 CE.
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The Byzantine Empire under Justinian briefly recaptured much of the Roman Empire and lasted another 1000 years.
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The Byzantine Empire influenced the early Russian Empire. Constantinople became an important cultural center.
Tsar Ivan III (the Great)
Constantinople
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• The Western Church (Roman Catholic) and Eastern Church (Eastern Orthodox) split in 1054 because of disagreements over the use of Icons and who was head of the Church.
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Genghis (Chinggis) Khan conquered much of Eurasia and set up the Mongol Empire.
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The Byzantine Empire ended in 1453 when Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks
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SSWH5 The student will trace the origins and expansion of the Islamic World between 600 CE and 1300 CE.
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Islam began in 632 with the teachings of Muhammed.
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Islam spread along the major trade routes of the Arabs.
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Sunni and Shi’a split Islam because of a dispute between who is the leader of
Islam.
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Ibn Battuta was a major explorer who spread Islam to Africa and Eastern Asia.
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The Crusades began in 1096 and lasted over 200 years. Christians fought Muslims for control of the “Holy Land”.
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Judaism, Christianity and Islam are all monotheistic religions with common prophets and basic ideas.
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SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse characteristics of early African societies before
1800 CE.
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The Bantu Migrations spread culture and economic activities to central and southern
Africa.
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Sundiata and Mansa Musa were African Muslim leaders.
Sundiata Mansa Musa
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Elaborate trading networks developed across the Sahara to trade mainly salt and
gold.
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Religious syncretism blended traditional African beliefs with new ideas from Islam and Christianity.
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• Africa’s geographical features play an important role regarding trade routes, distribution of resources, and spread of culture.
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SSWH7 The student will analyze European medieval society with regard to culture,
politics, society, and economics.
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Charlemagne helped develop the feudal system in Europe.
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The Middle Ages was a constant battle between Kings and Popes over power.
• Pope Gregory VII declares Interdict on King Henry IV (Holy Roman Emperor).
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The Church dominated the lives of common people during the Middle Ages and had
supreme power.
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Medieval Trade routes led to the development of towns in Europe
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SSWH8 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the development of societies
in Central and South America.
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The Olmecs and Mayans were early civilizations in Central and South America
Olmecs Mayans
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The Aztecs and other pre-Columbian civilizations practiced human sacrifice.
Aztec Incan
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SSWH9 The student will analyze change and continuity in the Renaissance and Reformation.
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The European Renaissance began in Florence Italy.
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Leonardo da Vinci is an example of a “Renaissance Man”.
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Erasmus believed in the idea of Humanism or the potential of man.
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Martin Luther started the Protestant Reformation in 1517 when he challenged the Church over the issue of Indulgences.
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The Catholic Church responded to the Reformation with the Council of Trent.
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Henry VIII and Elizabeth I set up the English Reformation.
Henry VIII Elizabeth I
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Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press in 1453.
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SSWH10 The student will analyze the impact of the age of discovery and expansion into the
Americas, Africa, and Asia.
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Fifteenth century explorers traveled to Africa, America, and Pacific Islands
Magellan Zheng He
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The Columbian Exchange traded plants, animals, ideas and disease.
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Navigational technology (such as the Astrolabe) made it possible for the explorers to travel.
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SSWH11 Students will investigate political and social changes in Japan and in China from the seventeenth
century CE to mid-nineteenth century CE.
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Oda Nobanuga and Kangxi set up the Tokugawas in Japan and Qing in China to rule for a long period.
Oda Nobanuga (Tokugawa) Kangxi (Qing)
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Rapid population growth in China and Japan led to unique social structures in those areas.
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SSWH12 The student will examine the origins and contributions of the Ottoman, Safavid, and
Mughal empires.
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The Ottoman Empire threatened southeastern Europe.
Suleyman the Magnificent Safavid Empire
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The Mughal Empire dominated India in the 16th and 17th centuries
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SSWH13 The student will examine the intellectual, political, social, and economic factors
that changed the world view of Europeans.
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Copernicus, Galileo, Keplar and Newton developed new ways to view the world.
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John Locke—Natural Rights
• The Enlightenment took a more scientific approach to politics and society.
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SSWH14 The student will analyze the Age of Revolutions and Rebellions.
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Absolute monarchs in Europe and Asia had total power over their kingdoms.
Louis XIV of France Tokugawa Ieyasu of Japan
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Revolutions in England, America, France, Haiti and Latin America sought more political rights
for their people.
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Napoleon represented the new power of the common man
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Asian countries often resisted contact with Western countries.
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SSWH15 The student will be able to describe the impact of industrialization, the rise of nationalism, and the
major characteristics of worldwide imperialism.
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Industrialization led to new views on economics and society.
Adam Smith Karl Marx
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Nationalism led to the emergence of strong nation states.
Bismarck-Germany Emperor Meiji-Japan
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The Russo-Japanese War demonstrated the reaction to foreign domination.
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European countries competed for colonies throughout Africa and Asia
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SSWH16 The student will demonstrate an understanding of long-term causes of World
War I and its global impact.
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Alliances led to the start of WWI.
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World War I was mainly Trench Warfare on the Western Front.
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The Treaty of Versailles blamed Germany for WWI.
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WWI ended the great dynasties in Russia, Austria, and Ottoman Empires
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SSWH17 The student will be able to identify the major political and economic factors that shaped world societies
between World War I and World War II.
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Pablo Picasso’s Guernica is an example of Cubism and modern art.
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Lenin led the Russian Revolution and Stalin set up the 5 Year Plans.
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Fascist governments were set up in Italy, Germany, and Japan in the 1920s and 1930s.
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Nationalism became a strong idea in Asia.
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Totalitarian governments restricted people’s rights.
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Appeasement (peace at all costs) of Hitler led to the start of WWII.
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SSWH18 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the global political, economic,
and social impact of World War II.
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WWII destroyed much of Europe and Japan
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Nazi policies of anti-Semitism led to the Holocaust.
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Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt met at Yalta to decide on a common strategy for ending WWII.
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The Marshall Plan helped rebuild Europe after the war.
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SSWH19 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the global social, economic, and political impact of the Cold War and decolonization from 1945 to 1989.
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Nationalist revolutionary movements led to radical changes in China, India, and Ghana
Chiang Kai-shek-China Kwame Nkrumah-Ghana
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The state of Israel formed in 1947 and immediately started wars in the region.
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The Cold War included the arms race, space race, and many crises.
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Khrushchev and Gorbachev made significant reforms to the USSR.
Khrushchev Gorbachev
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Freedom movements spread around the world.
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SSWH20 The student will examine change and continuity in the world since the 1960s.
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Ethnic conflicts continued after WWII in Bosnia, Rwanda, and the Middle East.
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In 1991, the USSR fell due to corruption and an inability to provide basic necessities to its people.
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Terrorism has become the new form of warfare after WWII.
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Women have emerged as powerful leaders around the world.
Golda Meir-Israel Indira Gandhi-India Margaret Thatcher-UK
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SSWH21 The student will analyze globalization in the contemporary world.
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Globalization of communication, ideas, and technology grows each year.
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Organizations such as the UN, OPEC, and the WTO (World Trade Organization) try to
set rules for trade and conflicts.
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The Environment is one of the major issues governments have to address in the future.