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In National PerspectivesIn National Perspectives
Sisira KumaraDisaster Management Liaison Officer
DMC – UNDP Sri Lanka
Critical Review in Institutionalizing Disaster Loss Data & Data Bases in
Sri Lanka
Critical Review in Institutionalizing Critical Review in Institutionalizing Disaster Loss Data & Data Bases in Disaster Loss Data & Data Bases in
Sri LankaSri Lanka
D M C
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Content
BackgroundData Collection and Coordination (Scenario I – Before Tsunami)New Developments (Scenario II – After the Tsunami)New Opportunities for Institutionalizing National level database - DesInventar
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Climatic Zones of Sri LankaRainfall
below 1,750 mm - Dry zone1,750 - 2,500 mm - Inter mediate zoneabove 2,500 mm - Wet zone
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Multi Hazards in Sri Lanka
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Floods during the Northeast Monsoon
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Floods during the Southwest Monsoon
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Floods and Landslides(17 May 2003)
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Line departments
Department of Meteorology
Provincial Councils
District Secretariats
District NGOs and CBOs
Local Authorities Divisional Secretariats
NBRO
NSF
Department of Irrigation
Mahaveli Authority
CMC & Fire Brigade NARA
Military & Police
CCDAtomic Energy Authority
GSMB
Health Department
NWS&DB
CEB CEA
Dept of Social Services
Medical Research Institute
Marine Pollution & Prevention Authority
Department. of Agriculture
UDARDA
Dpt. of Survey
Disaster Loss Data Mess (Before Tsunami) – Scenario IDisaster Loss Data Mess (Before Tsunami) Disaster Loss Data Mess (Before Tsunami) –– Scenario IScenario I
Other Agencies
GN Divisions
Nat
iona
l Lev
elP
rovi
ncia
lD
isG
ND
iv
Universities
NDMCCentral Bank
Census & Statistics
UN BodiesNGOS
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No National data base on Disaster Impacts or Disaster Losses
No National level coordination body or focal point
No National or sub national level coordination among the agencies
Two parallel administrative systems ( Central Government Administration & Provincial Government Administration
Data exaggerations by the GN Officers
No consistency, continuity or reliability
No mainstreaming or use in the development planning
Issues (Before Tsunami – Scenario I)Issues (Before Tsunami Issues (Before Tsunami –– Scenario I)Scenario I)
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DesInventar - In Scenario I
Introduced in 2004 under the UNDP project as a pilot projectImplemented by the NDMC which was a unit under the Women Empowerment & Social WelfareCoverage – Whole country (24 Districts)Collected historical data over 31 years (1974 – 2005)Resolution – Province District DivisionDisaster data on both Natural & Technological disasters
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Source: Archives (Only National/ Government/News Papers). No consistent and reliable historical data available in the country. Data:
14160 records 6015 records entered to the Natural disaster database related with 32 events from 1974 January to 2005 September (Animal attack, Avalanche, Biological, Coastline, Cyclone, Drought, Earthquake, Electric storm, Epidemic, Explosion, Failure, Fire, Flood, Forest fire, Frost, Grown, Hailstorm, Heat wave, Landslide, Leak, Lighting, Other, Panic, Pollution, Rains, Sedimentation, Snake bite, Storm, Strong wind, Structure Surge, Tsunami ).8145 records are discovered in the Accident database relate with6 events. (Rail, drowning, electrocution, tree, fire, other).But no assessment made for DesInventar other than primary assessment
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Issues – Scenario ILess reliability of data – From news papersFocal point for DM of SL changed. But ownership of the data base has not been changedNo system in place to continue the data collection across the countryOwnership and hidden nature. Reluctant to share with any agency other than just showingNo assessment made available at the national levelLack of awareness about the use of databaseNationally driven. No use for local plannersNo mainstreaming in the decision making process or development planning at the national level. Low resolution – Only up to D.S. levels. Not use for sub national planners
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New Developments (After Tsunami) –Scenario II
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Tsunami (2004), floods and landslides (2003) and various small to medium scale disasters over the past few years have brought back into focus the fact that Sri Lanka is a disaster prone country.
Need to strengthen all aspects of Disaster Risk Management (DRM) – both proactive risk reduction as well as reactive disaster response mechanisms
Tsunami has reaffirmed the urgent need for a DRM legislation in Sri Lanka. The Sri Lankan Parliament passed the “Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act No 13 of 2005.”
Legislative Background for DM in SLLegislative Background for DM in SLLegislative Background for DM in SL
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The National Council for Disaster Management (NCDM) was established, as per the act
The Disaster Management Centre (DMC) was established under the National Council for Disaster Management (NCDM) as the lead agency on disaster risk management in the country in implementing the directives of NCDM
In December 2005, the Ministry for Disaster Management was established. On January 2006, above Ministry was renamed as the Ministry of Disaster Management & Human Rights with human right portfolio being added to the Ministry
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Framework for Disaster Risk Management (DRM) in Sri Lanka
Addresses Disaster Management (DM) holistically, leading to a policy shift from response based mechanisms to a proactive approach
Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act; No.13 of 2005Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act; No.13 of 2005Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act; No.13 of 2005
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National Council For Disaster ManagementNational Council For Disaster National Council For Disaster ManagementManagement
DMC
Social Services
Home Affairs
Health
Defence
Power
Coast Conservation
Housing
Irrigation
Science & Technology
Rehabilitation & Reconstruction
Police
Land
Fisheries & Aquatic Resources
Education
Highways
Water Supply
Urban Development
Foreign Affairs
Finance
Environment
Ministers in charge of
Chief Ministers
Opposition MPs
National Council for Disaster Management
Chair Person: H.E. PresidentVice Chairman: Hon. Prime Minister
Opposition Leader
Ministry of Disaster Management & Human Rights
Ministers in charge of
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Organizational Structure Disaster Management Centre
Organizational Structure Organizational Structure Disaster Management CentreDisaster Management Centre
Disaster Management Centre(Director General)
National Consultants
Personnel & Administration
Branch(Deputy Director)
Media Unit(Deputy Director)
Finance Branch(Deputy Director)
National Emergency Operation
Centre
(Director)
Training, Education & Public
AwarenessUnit
(Director)
Preparedness Planning
Unit
(Director)
Forecasting, Early warning
& Dissemination
Unit
(Director)
Disaster ManagementTechnology, Mitigation
Unit
(Director)
District Emergency Operation Centres(DRM Coordinators)
Disaster Management Assistants
Intermediate & Local Levels
National Level
Tech. Com.
Tech. Com. Tech.
Com.
Tech. Com.
Tech. Com.
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DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTRE (DMC)DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTRE (DMC)DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTRE (DMC)
Vision:
Disaster Risk Management for safer communities and sustainable development in Sri Lanka
The Broad Mission:
To create a culture of safety among communities and the nation at large through systematic management of natural, technological and man-made disaster risks
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DMC will be directing, issuing guidelines, facilitating, coordinating, monitoring , where necessary directly implementing or enforcing activities related to:
1. Disaster Management Technology, Long-term Mitigation & DRR
Hazard Mapping and Risk Assessment Information and Data CollectionResearch and Analysis Building TechnologyLong term Disaster Risk Reduction Specific risk reduction projects to reduce specific identified risks that can cause future disastersDRR integration in Development Long-term action planning
Main Activities of the DMCMain Activities of the DMCMain Activities of the DMC
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Continue2. Early Warning
Have systems in place for receiving forecasting and early warningForecasting of impending disastersEarly warning and Dissemination
3. Emergency Operations in case of a disasterEstablishment of National Emergency Operation Centre Establishment of Emergency Operation Rooms at provincial, district and divisional levelsCarrying out Emergency Operations, coordinating with armed forces, police and other related agencies at national and all sub levels
4. Preparedness Planning (National and other levels)Preparation of National Disaster Management Plan and Emergency Operation PlansFacilitating, issuing guidelines, coordinating, directing and monitoring of preparation of disaster preparedness and response plans at provincial, district, local authority, divisional and village levelsPreparedness for timely and effective response, equitable relief distribution, speedy recovery, timely rehabilitation and reconstruction at national level and all sub levels
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5.Training, Education & Public AwarenessTraining – Disaster risk reduction related training at all levelsEducation – integration of disaster risk reduction in school curricula and in university curricula as appropriateSocial Marketing (Public Awareness) – Programmes for officials at all levels, school children and community level
Continue
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Line departments
DMC
Department of Meteorology
National Council for Disaster Management
Provincial Councils
District Secretariats
District NGOs and CBOsLocal Authorities Divisional Secretariats
NBRO
NSF
CMC & Fire Brigade
NARA
Military & Police
CCD
Atomic Energy Authority
GSMB
Medical Research Institute
Through District DM Coordinators
Ministry of Disaster Management & Human Rights
UDA
RDA Coordination Mechanism in Disaster Risk ManagementCoordination Mechanism in Disaster Risk ManagementCoordination Mechanism in Disaster Risk Management
Department of Irrigation
Mahaveli Authority
Health Department
NWS&DB
CEB
CEADept of Social Services
Marine Pollution & Prevention Authority
Department. of Agriculture
RADA
Other Agencies
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Disaster Management
Centre
District SecretaryDistrict Committee
Prov. Level Disaster Management Committee
District Disaster
Management Coordinators
Local Authority Committees
Emergency Op. Rooms
Govt. DepartmentsMilitary & Police
Private Sector
NGOs/ Civil Societies
Div. Level Committees
GN Committees
Village volunteer Groups
Business Communities
Coordination Mechanism at the Sub national levelsCoordination Mechanism at the Sub national levelsCoordination Mechanism at the Sub national levels
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Opportunities to institutionalize DesInventar!!!
National Data Collection, Analysis and Research Centre under the DMC to be establishedDesInventar has been recognized by the DMC as a National Database on Disaster Loss Full authority has been given by the DMC for UNDP SL and UNDP RP to institutionalize DesInventar in the Country at national and sub national levelsAll necessary arrangements by the DMC has been taken to customize, institutionalize and improve the DesInventarRoadmap for Safer Sri Lanka (2005 -20015 Master Plan for the Country) – Integrated Approach across the sectors and administrative boundariesNational Policy on DM is being developed for the countryNational DM Plan is being developed
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D M CD M C
New Initiatives
Institutionalize DesInventar by the DMCDevelopment of Resource Network for the countryIncident Reporting System and Incident Command System
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Thank YouThank YouThank You