Group Cohesion
• What is group cohesion?
• Group cohesion is a term used to describe the degree of which a team has bonded or is demonstrating collective cooperation.
• Can anyone provide an example of group Cohesion?
Group Cohesion
• There are two dimensions in group cohesion:
- Task Cohesion: Relates to the degree of commitment to group tasks and goals. Can anyone give me an example? - Social Cohesion: Relates to the relationships and friendships between group member. How much team member like each other.
Carron’s Model
• Can anyone tell me what Carron’s model is?
• Carron’s model stats a group will form a bond if it has collective identity, a sense of shared purpose and a clear structure for communication.
• Can anyone explain this further?
Carron’s Model
• Carron’s model is developed various factors that affect group cohesion.
• Environmental • Personal • Leadership • Team
Environmental Factors
• Can anyone tell me what would represent environmental factors?
• Environmental factors are general situational factors that help keep are group together,
- Transfer Rules - Geographical Restrictions - Contractual Obligations - Primary Goal of the Team
Personal Factors
• Can anyone tell me what would represent the personal factors?
• Personal factors are the individual characteristics of group/team members.
- Task Motivation - Affiliation Motivation - Group Satisfaction - Social Loafing
Leadership Factors
• Can anyone tell me what would represent some leadership factors?
• This includes leadership styles, behaviours, and relationships with the team and individual athletes. Some examples;
- A harmonious atmosphere encourages social cohesion
- Good Organisation encourages task cohesion
Team Factors
• Can anyone tell me what would represent some team factors?
• Team factors are variables that operate at a group level. Such as;
- Team Stability - Team Success - Desire for group success
Team Cohesion
• Here is a short video to show how important it is to have team cohesion.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3WURgIMeouw
Carron’s Model of Cohesion Environmental Factors:
- Contractual Responsibility - Organised orientation
Personal Factors: - Individual Orientation - Satisfaction - Individual differences
Leadership Factors: - Leadership Behaviour- Leadership style - Coach-athlete Personalities
Team Factors: - Group Task- Desire for group success- Group orientation - Group Productivity- Team ability - Team stability
Cohesion: - Task Cohesion- Social Cohesion
Group Outcomes:- Team stability - Absolute
Performance Effectiveness
- Relative Performance Effectiveness
Individual Outcomes- Behavioural
consequences- Absolute
Performance Consequences
- Relative Performance Effectiveness
- Satisfaction
Strategies to improve Group Cohesion:
Coaches and leaders: - Explain importance of individual roles - Set challenging group goals - Encourage group identity- Avoid excessive turnover - Know the team climate Group Members: - Avoid forming cliques - Get to know all other team mates - Help other team mates when possible - Give encouragement- Seek to resolve conflicts immediately- Give 100%
Social Loafing
• Can anyone explain to me what social loafing is?
• Is it the reduction in effort when working in groups, versus when working alone.
• Can anyone give an example of when they have experienced social loafing?