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Speaking in Small Groups
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Objectives:
Course Objective: Demonstrate effective communication
Lesson Objectives:1.Explain the characteristics of decision
making2.Describe ethics of group decision making3.Describe roles4.Explain group tension5.Name the common formats
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What are your experiences in working in small groups?
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Decision Making Group
Definition: a collection of there or more individual who share some problem and common goal.
Critical Elements:•Size of group (3-10)•Mutual influence (affect & influence each
other)•Goal orientation (common need)
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Groups are everywhere.
Name groups that you have been involved with.
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Need for Small Groups
1. Groups provide more resources than individuals
2. Groups can control errors better than individuals
3. Quality is superior to individuals
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Ethics of Decision Making Groups1. Do your best2. Behave rationally3. Play fair4. Listen carefully5. Participate fully
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Leadership
•Helps indentify & understand problem•Keeps team on tasks•Guide members•Communicate & provide ideas
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Participation
Individually – on pages 210-211, •Name three of the roles that you have
done in a group. •Describe how you performed the role
Teams of three:•Discuss your results (similar or different)•How the different roles aid in decision
making
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Roles (group task)•Initiator-controller•Information seeker•Information giver•Opinion seeker•Opinion giver•Elaborator-clarifier
•Coordinator•Diagnostician•Orienter-
summarizer•Energizer•Procedure
developer•Secretary•Evaluator-critic
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Roles (social leadership)
•Supporter-encourager•Harmonizer•Tension reliever•Compromiser•Gatekeeper•Feeling expresser•Standard setter•Follower
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Counterproductive Roles
•Blocker•Aggressor•Deserter•Dominator•Recognition seeker•Confessor•Playboy•Special interest pleader
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How do you know when the group is breaking down & members are
not satisfied?
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Problems with member satisfactionThree factors to consider:•Perceived progress toward group goal•Perceived freedom to participate•Status consensus
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What to do with conflict…
1. Stay in the present (search for solutions – NO blaming)
2. Separate the problem from the person3. Talk about yourself, not another person4. Look for solution in small steps5. Work for an agreement
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Groupthink
How to avoid:•Assign a critical evaluator•Leaders wait to give preferences•Establish trust (to disagree)•Invite outsiders•Assign a devil’s advocate•Set aside time to evaluate if groupthink is
happening
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Questions to ask for decision making1. Does everyone agree with the nature of
the problem?2. What would be the ideal solution?3. Which conditions could be changed to
achieve the ideal solution?4. Of the available solutions, which one is
the closest to the ideal solution?
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Presenting a Group’s Findings
•State purpose early •Preview main points•Present analysis of the problem & criteria
for solution•Describe the solution (support with
evidence)•Summarize•Ask for acceptance
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Formats for Groups
•Round table•Symposium•Panel discussion•Forum•Colloquium•Whole-house
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For your information
•Persuasive essay – due Dec 8•Critical Thinking Portfolio – due Dec 8•Extra credit – due Dec 10
FINAL is Dec 15 from 10-12
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Oral Communication
•Explain the importance of an audience-centered speech
•Name the purposes of a speech•Develop an effective presentation
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Speechmaking Process
Consider the
Audience
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Consider the Audience
Think about the audience throughout your speech!
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Step 1: select & narrow your topic
Questions to consider:•Who is the audience?•What is the occasion?•What are my interests, talents & experiences?
•What are the parameters of the assignment?
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Step 2: Determine Your Purpose
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Step 3: Develop your central idea
Topic:General purpose:Specific purpose:Central idea:
Questions:1.Does the central idea have logical divisions?2.Can you support the central idea?3.Can you provide reasons (examples) for the
central idea?
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Step 4: Generate main ideas
After you have the Central Idea – generate Key Points.
Questions:1.Does the central idea have logical
divisions?2.Can you support the central idea?3.Can you provide reasons (examples) for
the central idea?
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Step 5: Gather supporting materials•Facts•Examples•Definitions•Quotations•Personal stories•Descriptions •Visuals
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Step 6: Organize Your speech
Topic:General purpose:Specific purpose:Central idea:• Introduction (capture audience, preview
main points, & tell audience what to expect)•Body (major idea & supporting idea with
supporting items)•Conclusion (summarize & restate central
idea)
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Step 7: Rehearse Your Speech
•Practice, Practice, Practice•Eye contact•Volume•Style•Mannerisms
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Step 8: Deliver Your speechYour FINAL is an individual speech•3 minutes using PowerPoint•Present what you have learned in UI100
May include: reasons for choosing SE; major: value of a liberal education; FOCUS; career planning; academic planning; reflection essays; personality; learning style; critical thinking; written communication; oral communication; strengths & future endeavorsRelate what you have learned in class!!!
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For your information
•Extra credit – due Dec 10
FINAL is Dec 15 from 10-12