Solving the Community Energy Puzzle
Michigan Clean Energy SummitOctober 15th, 2012, Hyattsville, Maryland
Smart Grids or Smart Energy Networks?
Peter GarforthPrincipal – Garforth International llc
Most of us live in Urban Setting70% of Global Energy Use
*UN Sources
Urban Population passed 50% in 2008
Percent
Total US Energy Use ~ $1.5 TrillionMost in Urban Environment
Source: US DoE EIA - 2011
Buildings40.7%
Industry31.4%
Transport27.8%
CoalCoal
GasGas
Domestic OilDomestic Oil
Imported OilImported Oil
UraniumUranium
RenewableRenewable
HomesHomes
CommercialCommercial
IndustryIndustry
TransportationTransportation
Operates in Inefficient Regional Silos
Energy ProductivityHow well do we spend our $1.5 Trillion?
*IEA and World Bank – 2009 sources
Key to Competitiveness
Region Population GDP EnergyEnergy/Capita
Energy/GDP
USA 4.5% 23.0% 17.8% 100 100
Canada 0.5% 2.5% 2.1% 107 108
EU 7.4% 30.3% 13.0% 45 56
Japan 1.9% 7.8% 3.9% 53 65
China 19.7% 6.8% 16.1% 21 307
India 17.1% 2.0% 4.9% 7 319
World 100% 100% 100% 22 198
Dysfunctional Energy Supply ChainFrom fuel to service
Uses 70% of all energy
25%
High-cost low returns High risk High greenhouse gas
5%
Pay 100% for fuel - Get less than 10% in services
Why Some Communities CareNew Energy Realities…
Investment and Green Jobs Energy cost and competitiveness Community Values and Image Supply quality and security Environmental legislation Weather events Nuclear, gas and coal uncertainties…
Fundamentally Different From Past
Copenhagen, Denmark
Guelph, Ontario
Mannheim, Germany
Holland. MI
Arlington, VA
Loudoun, VA
EU - "Municipal"
EU - Total
USA - "Municipal"
USA - Total
0 10 20 30
Global BenchmarkingInforming Community Targets
We know what works!
mt CO2 / capita
CopenhagenIntegration from Use to Fuel
Triggered by 70’s energy crisis 3.5 tons / capita GHG Efficiency
World leading building efficiency Energy Performance Validation
District Energy Widespread across city
Fuel flexibility Multi-fuel cogeneration Coal, oil, gas, biofuel, waste-to-energy Wind and solar generation
Transport Urban design for bike/walking Efficient trams/trains City-wide EV plans
High Value Employment
2009 – Voted “Second Most Livable City”
Copenhagen ResultsDecouple Growth from Energy Use
Systematic Energy Integration WorksSource: LSE Cities Study - 2012
Mannheim City UtilityIntegrated Utility – Multiple Sources
Integrated Multi-Utility Multiple Sources Public-Private Energy Services
51% City Owned 49% Private Capital
Benefits Local accountability Minimize infrastructure duplication Optimized supply choices Multi-media Smart networks Competitive costs Optimization between media Business innovation
Low cost – clean – flexible - evolving
MicroCHP
WasteCHP
CoalCHP
GasCHP
WoodCHP
SolarCHP
Cooling, heat, electricity, steam, gas, water
Integrated networks control
Energy Zoning
*Source: MVV Energie AG
Challenging the Status QuoUS & Canadian Cities Breaking the Mold
Fully Integrated Breakthrough targets All aspects of energy
Economic Technical Environmental Institutional Social
Multi-decade Globally benchmarked
Successful Community Energy PlanningThree Groups of Balanced Benefits
Something for the Entire Community
Competitiveness Security
Environment
Guelph Community Energy InitiativePrioritized strategies 2008-2031
Above-Code building efficiency All construction – new and retrofit
Energy Performance Labels All construction – national pilot
Transport & neighbourhood efficiency Urban design and vehicle choices
Heat Recovery & CHP New District Energy infrastructure Industrial and other sources
Renewables Biomass and Solar Photovoltaic in large scale
New municipal energy services companyIntegrated Solution – Not a Buffet!
Community Level Integration Key to Breakthrough Energy Performance
Local Governance Strategic priorities; utility oversight; flexible teaming;
investment & ownership
Policy and Planning Freedom Urban design; building performance; energy services;
incentives; local flexibility and exceptions
Local Utility Structures and Teaming Energy service integration – efficiency; electricity; gas,
heating, cooling...water… Supply choice integration – heat recovery; fossil;
renewable; centralized or distributed
Integrated Information and Control Networks Full supply chain; all energy modalities Community level – community sharing
Smart Energy Networks ..not.. Smart Grids
Thank You
Peter GarforthGarforth International [email protected]
+1 (419) 578 9613 - Office+1 (419) 320 0664 - Mobile