Download - solid waste management
presented by :-
RIYAJ SAYYAD BASHINDE
Third year, Department of CIVIL Engineering
Kolhapur Institute of Technology’s College of Engineering, Kolhapur
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
CONTENT: What is solid waste?
Sources of wastes
Collection of solid waste
Types of solid waste
What is SWM?
Objectives of SWM
Methods of SWM
Case study on SWM
Conclusion
Reference
What is Solid Waste?non-liquid ,non soluble materials ranging from municipal garbage to industrial wastes that contain complex and sometimes hazardous substance
Examples: plastics, Styrofoam containers, bottles, cans, papers, scrap iron, and other trash, etc.
Collection of solid waste:
Collection of waste includes gathering the waste, transporting to a centralized location and then moving it to site of disposal
Then collected waste is the separated.
Hazardous waste:Hazardous waste are the types of waste which are
harmful for human beings.
E.g.:-solvents acids, heavy metals,pesticides,etc.
Non-Hazardous waste:Non Hazardous waste are the types of waste which
are not harmful for human beings.
E.g.:-garbage, sludge, municipal trash.
What is meant by solid waste management?
Solid Waste management is the"generation, prevention, characterization,monitoring, treatment, handling, reuse andresidual disposition of solid wastes".
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT-ObjectivesPublic hygiene and health
Reuse ,Recovery and Recycle
Energy generation
Sustainable development
Aesthetics
Methods of solid waste management:• LAND FILL
• INCINERATION
• COMPACTION:
• PYROLYSIS:-
• The 3 R’s
1.LAND FILL: It is the most traditional method of waste disposal.
Waste is directly dumped into disused quarries, mining voids or borrow pits.
Disposed waste is compacted and covered with soil
Gases generated by the decomposing waste materials are often burnt to generate power.
It is generally used for domestic waste.
2. INCINERATION: Incineration is a waste treatment process that
involves the combustion of solid waste at 1000C.
waste materials are converted into ash, flue gas, and heat.
The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste and gases due to organic waste.
the heat generated by incineration is used to generate electric power.
3.COMPACTION: The waste is compacted or compressed. It also
breaks up large or fragile items of waste.
This process is conspicuous in the feed at the back end of many garbage collection vehicles. Deposit refuse at bottom of slope for best compaction and control of blowing litter.
4.PYROLYSIS: Pyrolysis is defined as thermal degradation of
waste in the absence of air to produce char, pyrolysis oil and syngas, e.g. the conversion of wood to charcoal also it is defined as destructive distillation of waste in the absence of oxygen. External source of heat is employed in this process.
REDUCE: You can help by PRECYCLING. 1/3 of all garbage is
packaging. Buy things that are in packages that can be recycled or
are made of recycled materials. When you buy something small, say no thanks to a bag.
REUSE: Many things can be reused before you throw them out.
Use coffee cans and cottage cheese containers for storage
Put leftovers in resalable containers instead of using wraps and foil
Use old clothes as rags for cleaning instead of paper towels
Have a garage sale or donate clothes, books or toys that you don't use anymore
RECYCLE: Each year we use:
25 billion plastic containers
30 billion bottles & jars
65 billion aluminum cans
100 billion pounds of paper
Case study
Location: Solid waste management in Mumbai, Maharashtra
Capital of Maharashtra
Greater Mumbai consist of ‘island city’ and suburbs;area:437.71 sq km (MCGM 2013);under single municipal administration
General profile:
Population of city around 12 mn
41.3% of total urban households live in slums
Climate :moderately hot ,humid almost through the year
Waste collection: Agency in charge is MCGM or BMC
Garbage generated in 2012-2013 is 9200 metric ton
Street Sweeping – 100% street cleaning in 1 or 2 shifts (67% by municipal staff and 33% roads by private contractors)
Collection 83% through collection bins and 13% house-to-house collection (Source: MCGM)
Frequency :
1396 number of trips each day. (MCGM
Waste Collection Pilot schemes:Advanced Locality Management (ALM) –
• Street communities interact with Ward officers; for civic issues like promoting
• rag-pickers for dry waste collection and composting for wet-waste
Waste Management Framework:
Stakeholders
Institution in Charge –
Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM )
Informal Rag-pickers and Recyclers
NGOs and recycling
companiesCitizens
Area methodThe area method is used when the terrain is unsuitable for
excavation.
The filling operation usually is started by building an earthen levee against which wastes are compacted and placed in thin layers.
At the end of each days operation a 150-300 mm of layer of cover material is placed over the completed landfill.
A completed lift, including the cover material is called a cell
CONCLUSION: Solid Waste Management is one of the important
functions of urban local bodies.
It is observed that lack of financial resources, institutional weakness, improper selection of technology, transportation systems and disposal options are making this problem even worse.
Increase in population has increased all sorts of demands leading to formation of wastes.
If ignored, this problem may lead serious hazards and hence this topic is burning issue.
REFERENCE:
https://www.wikipedia.org/
http://www.mcgm.gov.in/irj/portal/anonymous/qlcleanover
Solid Waste Management: Types, Sources, Effects and Methods of Solid Waste Management;by Puja Mondal
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT; P. U. Asnani
Waste disposal and landfill: Information needs; R. Taylor and A. Allen