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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
« 4 per 1000 » InitiativeSoils for Food Security and Climate
General presentation: 2 years later
Paul LUU, Executive Secretary
13th June 2017
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
The Origin:
Where does « 4 per 1000 » come from?
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
4/1000 : where does it come from?
An annual increase of 4 ‰ of the world soil surface C stocks (860*0.004) would nearly compensate the annual CO2 increase of the atmosphere
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Why storing C in soils?
• To Mitigate climate changeo Attenuate GHG emissions. OC can be stored in soils
for decades to milleniao Low cost negative emission technology
• To Adapt to climate changeo Soil organic matter increases water retention capacity
by soils, o decreases sensitivity to erosion
• To Contribute to food security & restore degraded soilso Major role of soil organic matter in soil fertilityo Yields stabilityo 30% world soils severely degraded (FAO - 2015)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Going towards 4 per 1000
Time (years)
No or small organicrestitution:
Soil degradation
New equilibrium
Possible potential
Maximal capacity
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Limits and feasability: practices
© FAO
© R.Cardinael
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Rangeland management
Conservation agriculture
Agroforestry
Water management
Integrated soil fertilitymanagement
Organicfertilization
Cover crops
Soil organic carbon
CO 2
Annual 4 per 1000 increase locally attainableGreat variability of C storage rates (climate, soil..)Limits : biomass availability, nutrients, water, soil…
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
History:
When does « 4 per 1000 » Initiative start and what does happen since?
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Results of COP21 in Paris
Historical agreement: a solid foundation for international climate action
recognizing in its preamble the inclusive concept of “food security”.
Composed of 3 pillars, all including “agriculture and food security”:
The legal instrument of the agreement;
Lima Paris Agenda for Action (LPAA);
National contributions (iNDCs).
LPAA supports and promotes 70 major international multi-stakeholder initiatives for climate (on 12 topics) including 6 on agriculture among which the “4 per 1000” Initiative.
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Paris declaration of intent:
• strengthen public policies, tools and actions • maintain or enhance carbon stock in agricultural soils,• encourage research programs to improve knowledge on soil-carbon
storage• assess the performance of farming techniques and methods of restoring
degraded land• support a participatory approach to build innovative solutions and their
adoption by means of training and education programs• share projects, actions, experience and results
On December 1st 2015, more than 160 signatories of the declaration
of intent (31 countries)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
The 4°/oo Initiative
4 working axis organized in 2 parts
Action Plan• A multi-stakeholder platform to facilitate
partnerships• A tool to expertise and evaluate projects
based on a set of references and indicatorsScientific Program• An international research and scientific
cooperation program• A digital resources center on carbon in
soils
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Goals of the 4°/oo Initiative
Increase carbon sequestration in soils as organicmatter, for:
increasing food security
adapting agriculture to climatic changes
mitigating climate change
Pursuing the objectives of sustainable developmentadopted by the United Nations.
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Direct TARGETS
ASSOCIATED TARGETS
Safeguard TARGETS: help Ex-ante assessment to avoid harmful impacts
Land Tenure
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Welfare, W
ellBein
gTargets of 4°/oo and SDGs
2016- JL Chotte - Ird
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
From Paris to Marrakech: building an inclusive, effective system of governance
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Results of COP22 in Marrakech
The Marrakech Action Proclamation for our Climate and Sustainable Development, makes a strong call for “all Parties to strengthen and support efforts to eradicate
poverty, ensure food security and to take stringent action to deal with climate change challenges in agriculture”.
Establishment of Global Climate Action Agenda (following the LPAA)
Important step in the structuration of the initiative “4
per 1000”
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Organization:
How is organized the governance of the « 4 per 1000 » Initiative?
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Declaration of intent 2 (signed mainly in Marrakech)
to build an effective and inclusive governance through a light structure without a legal personality with 4 bodies
Consultative & collaborative Body
⇒ Forum of the Partners
Decision making Body ⇒ Consortium of Members
Scientific Body ⇒Scientific and Technical
Committee
Executive Body ⇒ Executive Secretariat
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Forum of all the partners
Consultative and collaborative body including any organization sharing the principles and objectives of the Initiative
The place to build partnerships and collaborations
Organized in colleges (figures 12th April 2017):• States and provinces (38)• International & regional organizations, development banks (15)• Research / training institutes and universities (42)• Agricultural producers organizations (34)• Civil society and non-profit foundations (77)• Private businesses (30)
At least one annual meeting + digital community
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Consortium of the members
Decision making body including any non-profit organizations and partners without commercial goals, having signed the Declaration of Intent of the initiative
Decisions on orientation, policy, working program, budget, set of references for projects analysis and evaluation, etc.
Decisions by consensus
At least one annual meeting coinciding with the Forum + ad-hoc meetings possible
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Scientific & Technical Committee
Scientific body composed of 14 internationally recognized scientists, chosen by the Consortium upon proposal of the ES
Multidisciplinary group, with a balanced composition regarding the regions of the world and gender issue
Each member has to produce regularly a declaration of interest.
Brings its scientific basis to the initiative
Several meetings per year.
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
propose a set of reference criteria for the evaluation of projects and actions founded on the principles and goals of the Initiative, as well as on the SDGs;
formulate advice on projects, actions and programs;
formulate proposals for the orientations of the international scientific research and cooperation program and for any cross-cutting issue;
Define, produce and/or validate the documents published in the resource center.
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
• Dr. AMIRASLANI Farshad – Socio-eco natural resource management (Iran)• Professor CHENU Claire – Soil scientist – soil organic matter (France)• Dr. GARCIA CARDENAS Magali – Agroclimatology (Bolivia)• Dr. KAONGA Martin – Agroforestry carbon biogeochemistry (Zambia)• Dr. KOUTIKA Lydie-Stella – Soil scientist – soil organic matter (Rep of Congo)• Dr. LADHA Jagdish – Soil fertility and plant nutrition (India)• Dr. MADARI Beata – Soil scientist – C and N cycling (Brazil)• Dr. RUMPEL Cornelia – Forester – terrestrial organic matter (Germany)• Dr. SHIRATO Yasuhito – Agricultural and soil scientist (Japan)• Professor SMITH Pete – Soils and global change (United Kingdom)• Professor SOUDI Brahim – Agronomist – soil science (Morocco)• Dr. SOUSSANA Jean-François – Plant physiologist (France)• Dr. WHITEHEAD David – Crop physiologist – forestry (New Zealand) • Dr. WOLLENBERG Lini – Natural resource management (USA)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Countries where STC members are coming from
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
International Executive Secretariat
Executive body composed of 4 to 5 persons under the authority of an Executive Secretary:
• Link with research program & Secretariat of the STC • Animation, monitoring and support of projects• Communication and website animation• Assistant of the whole team
In charge of the:
• Implementation and coordination of the initiative• Support for STC, Consortium, Forum and members
Human and financial resources to be provided by volunteer members of the Initiative.
Hosted by CGIAR in Montpellier (France)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Governance of the initiative
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
FORUM partners
236 signatories of the Paris Declaration Including 38 countries and provinces,11 international organizations, 9 foundations and development banks,
72 NGos, 42 research bodies & Universities, 34 Farmers organizations and 30 enterprises
Partners & Members (12th April 2017)
CONSORTIUM Members
Already 108 signatories of the Declaration of Intent n°2
Chair : Dr. Ibrahim MAYAKI (ES NEPAD)
Vice-Chair : Mr. Stephane LE FOLL (ex - Min. Agriculture – France)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Work Program
& Planning for 2017
Orientations, deliverables & planning
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Orientations & activitiesThe Initiative needs to enhance its vibilility, and to develop all the mecanisms needed to increase the exchange flow of informations, data, collaborations, finances, projects, etc.To do so, the Executive Secretariat have to :
• Organize 4p1000 meetings (Forum, Consortium, STC, regional)
• Develop cooperation on soils C sequestration potential, research & projects with existing organizations & initiatives (cartography, conferences & workshop, etc.)
• Develop a website to fulfill various objectives• Develop a communication plan• Get means to function (835 k€ for 2017)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Main deliverables for 2017
• Adoption by the Consortium upon the STC proposal of:• a set of reference criteria for the evaluation of
projects and actions• orientations of the international scientific
research and cooperation program• Opening of the website « 4 per 1000 » including the
collaborative platform & the resources center
• Adoption of a communication plan • Development of cooperation on SCS
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Exponential growth in annual number of scientific papers on
soil carbon sequestration in agriculture over 1991-2015 and
distribution by scientific discipline
international research
and scientific
cooperation program
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
2016: main international research networks on agricultural soil carbon
sequestration
(Circasa project, Soussana et al.)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
1991-2002Main research topics
(key-words) concerning soil organic carbon sequestration in
agriculture
(Circasa project, Soussana et al.)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
2016: Main research
topics (key-words)
concerning soil organic carbon sequestration in
agriculture
(Circasa project, Soussana et al.)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Total countries including 4 per 1000, GRA, FACCE JPI, CCAFS & CIRCASA
Our vision: a better coordinated research on agricultural soil carbon sequestration spanning at least 82 countries and 85% of global research
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
1st Pillar. Estimating the potential
Conduct global and regional studies in order to provide or to improve estimates of the potential for soil organic carbon sequestration (or loss), its processes and co-benefits for sustainable yield and adaptation, according to a large range of land management practices.
2nd Pillar. Developing practices adapted to specific soil and climate conditions
Provide knowledge for evidence-based design and co-design of 4 per 1000 agricultural and forestry practices for soil carbon sequestration; assess their performances, as well as trade-offs and synergies across multiple objectives: climate change (adaptation and mitigation), food security, as well as other relevant sustainable development goals.
Four pillars for the international researchand scientific collaboration program (1/2)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
3rd Pillar. Define and strengthen the enabling environmentAnalyze past and current situations where effective governance, institutional and organizational arrangements, public policies, including financial mechanisms, incentive and regulatory instruments have allowed to promote, perpetuate and reward relevant sustainable practices. Attention will be paid to short term, near term and long term effects, including the risk of reversibility of practices and negative direct or indirect side effects of practices at different scales on relevant sustainable development goals. Starting from this analytic review, improvements and innovations.
4th Pillar. Monitoring, reporting and verification Elaborate metrics, methodologies and tools for monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) of soil carbon sequestration (farm, landscape, region, country) and food security.
(Suggestion of a fifth pillar on capacity building, education and knowledge transfer)
Four pillars for the international researchand scientific collaboration program (2/2)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Site mapEx
tran
etIn
tran
et
Extranet workplace: Research Institutions
Extranet workplace: Project Holders
Extranet workplace: Financing bodies
Collaborative Work PlatformBD ProjectsBD Knowledgeother resources
Registered users only
Intranet workplace: Consortium Intranet workplace: STC
Intranet users only
4p1000 Home page & general Information Lobby
Reception area: National & Local Govts
Reception area: Funding Bodies
Reception area: Research Institutions
Reception area: General public &
potential Project Holders
Press Newsroom
Inte
rnet
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Planning for 2017During the first semester
• installation of the Executive Secretariat
• launch of the calls for tenders related to the website according to financial resources (tender for the web site was choosen on 1st March)
• elaboration of communication strategies
• contribution to the IR&SCP and multiple partnershipwith all related initiatives (GSP, etc.)
• organization of the STC n°2 mainly on indicators and research program on 24th & 25th March in Rome, back to back with GSOC
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Planning for 2017
During the second semester
• organization of the STC n°3 and the Consortium n°2on 28th, and 29th and 30th June in Montpellier
• opening of the Website (according to financial resources)
• Participation to international conferences and meetings
• organization of the Forum n°2, the Consortium n°3 and STC n°4 during the COP23 in Bonn
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Meetings Dates Place Country
STC n°2 24th & 25th March Rome Italy
STC n°3 28th June Montpellier France
Consortium n°2 29th & 30th June Montpellier France
STC n°414th & 15th
November (TBC)Bonn Germany
Forum n°2 16th November Bonn Germany
Consortium n°3 16th November Bonn Germany
Statutary meetings of the Initiative
Planning for 2017
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Increasing the international reputation of the Initiative
• Participation of the Chair, Vice-Chair and/or ES to:• international events linked to the Initiative on climate
change, resilience, food security, organic carbon storage in soils, etc. (COP UNCCC & UNCCD, FAO, etc.)
• international events in order to present the Initiative (G20 in agriculture, Economic Forum, Regional meeting in Africa, South and North America and Asia, etc.)
• Bilateral meetings by partners and members with specific actors or groups of actors to involve them.
• Contribution to the scientific cooperation and to international, national and regional exchange on projects, technical practices, etc.
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Meetings Dates Place Country
African Union SummitJuly
(week 27)TBC TBC
COP 13 UNCCD 4th to 15th September Ordos Inner Mongolia - ChinaEvent under « 4 per
1000 » auspices13th to 15th October Montréal Canada
Event under « 4 per 1000 » auspices
October (TBC) Montevideo Uruguay
COP 23 UNFCCC 7th to 18th November Bonn Allemagne
Conference EU - Africa 29th & 30th November Abidjan Ivory Coast
Event under » 4 per 1000 » auspices
TBC Abidjan Ivory Coast
African Union SummitDecember or January
2018TBC TBC
International meetings identified as priority for the Initiative
Planning for 2017
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Contributions from partners & members
How to contribute to the Initiative : funds, humanressources, hosting of meetings, etc ?
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Direct contributions• Financial contribution:
• Operational means for the team of the ES and the Chair (workspace, travel, communication, assistant, etc.) and the governance of the Initiative (organization of Forum, Consortium and CST meetings)
• Investments for the 1st year (equipment, website, etc.)
• In-kind contribution: • Human resources for the Executive Secretariat team:
• 1 science and research profile, • 1 project and development profile• 1 "communication and website" profile
• Hosting of meetings: Consortium, STC, other events
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Indirect contributions
• Funding of development policies and projects:
• At the regional or national level
• Through bilateral or multilateral cooperation
• Contributions to scientific and research programs: • Participation to scientific consortia (ie. MoU on “4 per 1000”
gathering CGIAR, Cirad, INRA, Ird and OSU) and working groups (to be built for instance at regional level)
• Participation to international research and scientificcooperation programs (ie. CIRCASA)
• Contribution through expertise in STC (individual)
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Colmar 13 juin 2017 – XXVIIe Rencontres Prof. RITTMO
Thank you for your attention….