Download - Social Studies Final exam review
Social StudiesFinal exam review
Exam dates:June 11- 40 multiple choice questions (40%)June 9 – one essay (60%)
Contents of final exam
40 multiple choice questions- May 29
One essay – 60 points – May 30
1. Why did people move West?
Better life Opportunities Homestead Act
2. Reasons for immigration
Push – why they left their homeland; war, poverty, oppression
Pull- America- Land of Opportunity; lots of jobs here
3- immigrate
To come to a new land to settle
4. emigrate
Exit; exodus To leave your homeland
5. Theories of immigration
A. old theory – melting pot Immigrants erase heritage and
adopt new, American culture. B. new theory – salad bowl Immigrants add features of their
culture to become part of a new American culture.
6-nativism
Dislike of foreigners Wanted quotas or restrictions on
immigration (1920s) Some immigrants were
discriminated against when they arrived
7- muckrakers
Goal- to expose problems caused by industrialization
Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives – tenement life
Upton Sinclair – The Jungle – horrors of meatpacking industry and immigrant life
Ida Tarbell – History of Standard Oil – unfair business practices of Rockefeller
8- Progressive Movement
Goals- to fix the problems caused by the Industrial Era
Wanted to end unfair business practices such as monopolies, unsafe working conditions, monopolies, child labor etc.
9- suffrage
Right to vote
Women – 19th amendment
African American Males – 15th amendment (but with restrictions)
10- laissez-faire
Little or no government regulation or interference in the economy or business
Led to growth of monopolies
11. Changes caused by Industrial Revolution
Economic growth due to: Assembly line- more consumer goods
produced at a lower/cheaper cost More efficiently produced goods More jobs in factories More monopolies and corporations
12-urban/suburban/rural
Urban- city Suburban – outside city Rural- countryside
13- labor union
Goal-Workers joined together to fight for better working conditions and benefits
Unions help employees/workers
VOCABULARY-- EMPLOYER= BOSS
14-assembly line
Production is faster and cheaper
Mass production of goods was more efficient
15. Jane Addams and Settlement houses
Jane Addams- social reformer who set up settlement houses to help poor people and immigrants
focused on education, health, job training
16- Big Stick Policy
President Teddy Roosevelt
U.S. “Policeman of the World” - especially Latin America
17 A.- imperialism
Take over a nation making it a colony
Due to the nation’s need for resources and markets during Industrial era
expansion
17B – Manifest Destiny
America’s destiny to be a land from sea to sea.
Desire for expansion
17 C – Monroe Doctrine
The U.S. declares it’s right to deal with matters in the Western Hemisphere
Told Europeans to stay out of the affairs of the West
Doctrine was expanded under Teddy Roosevelt (Roosevelt Corollary)
17 D- Spanish American War
Causes Imperialism Yellow journalism DeLome Letter Humanitarian concern for Cuba Sinking of the USS Maine ship
ResultsU.S. becomes and imperialist nation with colonies (Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines)
17 E- Open Door Policy with China
Industrial Age
More trade with China
18 A-World War I
Causes – 1914 (M.A.N.I.A) Assassination of Archduke of Austria-
Hungary Germany attacks U.S. ships then we
declare war in 1917. Results
Map of Europe changed
18B- U.S. at beginning of WWI
U.S. Neutral in 1914- “did not affect us”
U.S. Declares war- 1917 War ends- 1918
19. Fourteen Points
Woodrow Wilson’s plan for peace No more wars No secret treaties No colonies League of Nations- use
diplomacy/talking to settle disputes
20-Treaty of Versailles
Senate refuses to ratify treaty because of League of Nations
Senate believed League might cause us to be involved in another conflict
Harsh conditions on Germany- reparations
21. League of Nations
Senate refuses to ratify Treaty of Versailles bec. of the League. Believed it might get us more involved in wars.
Wilson wanted it – believed it would end conflicts; bring peaceful settlement of problems
22-Roaring Twenties
Era of changes (social, political, economic)
Eco- Easy credit meant people could afford to buy more goods
Social – New freedoms/ fashions for women
Political- Reduced civil liberties; Red Scare
23. Harlem Renaissance
Rebirth of African American culture centered in Harlem, NY in the 1920s
Poetry/ literature celebrating African American culture
24. Sacco and Vanzetti
Italian immigrants (anarchists) convicted of murder with little evidence.
Lessons: Nativism – dislike of immigrants 1920’s Red Scare era- fear of different
ideas Civil liberties can be denied due to
fears
25. Quotas- Immigration Acts 1921
Restrictions on immigration - fewer from Asia and Eastern Europe.
Nativists supported quotas (limits)
26. Scopes (monkey) Trial
1920s- Religious fundamentalism rises
Scopes taught about evolution though it was banned
27. Red Scare 1920s
Fear communism would spread to USA
Fear of people who may support communism
Fear of immigrants
28- Red Scare 1950s
McCarthyism
Cold War era
Fear of Communism
29. Dust bowl
Drought (no rain) conditions in Great Plains
Massive dust storms
30. Farmers in the 1920s
Lost farms due to dust bowl
Low crop prices
Moved West
31-Great Depression
Causes: Mechanization -lost jobs High tariffs on imports Easy credit -debt Stock market crash and panic – 1929
Results: High unemployment; banks fail, slow
economy; little money to buy goods
32. FDR vs. Hoover
Hoover Help business help people Indirect help
FDR New Deal Direct help; jobs, loans, aid
33. Hoovervilles
Shanty towns People were evicted homeless Lived in shacks
34. The New Deal
Purpose- Relief, Recover, Reform
Provided jobs, faith in banking
Result-Increased size and responsibility of government.
35. WWII causes
Germany invades Poland-1939
Japan bombs Pearl Harbor- US enters war in 1941
36. WWII - results
During the War War leads to more jobs- Depression
ends More women working
Results Atom bombs dropped on Japan leads
to war’s end Now-nuclear age; two superpowers Arms race; Cold War begins
37. Iron Curtain
Phrase from Winston Churchill describing the separation between Western (free) Europe and Eastern (communist-controlled) Europe.
Post War period
38-Marshall Plan
USA sends financial or economic aid to help rebuild Western Europe
Keep Europe strong to resist communism
39-Berlin Blockade
U.S. helps West Berlin which was blockaded during Cold War
40. Cold War
Tensions between US and USSR after WWII
Korean War, Vietnam War happened during Cold War
11/9/89 – fall of Berlin Wall – symbolized end of Cold War.
41- containment
Foreign policy to stop the spread of communism
During the Cold War
42- NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization Defensive alliance for the West to
provide security to fight the East (Communists)
NATO vs. Warsaw Pact
43. McCarthyism
Anti-communist Senator McCarthy– 1950s
Ruined careers of people accusing them of being communist; people’s rights denied.
Red Scare era
44. Korean War
1950s U.N. (with U.S. support) tries to
stop communist from spreading to South Korea.
Border remains at 38 parallel Containment – Cold War Domino theory
44- Communism
Political system of Soviet Union
45- Cuban Missile Crisis
JFK success Nearly a nuclear war Soviets had missiles in Cuba (near
Florida)
46. Domino theory
Fear that communism will spread to neighboring countries especially in Southeast Asia i.e. Korea and Vietnam
Led to our involvement in two wars
47. Civil Rights Movement
1950s and 1960s Sought equal rights for African
American Used non-violence Leader: Dr. King
48. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Goals Desegregation Equal voting rights
Methods Passive resistance Sit-ins; marches, boycotts
49-March on Washington
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr “I Have a Dream” speech
highlights inequality and struggles of African Americans
50. Brown Vs. Board of Ed 1954
No more segregation States did not follow this
immediately Led to desegregation (integration)
of schools and facilities
51- Women’s Rights Movement
Goals Career choices Equal pay Equal treatment
52. detente
Try to end or ease Cold War tensions
Use diplomacy (negotiations)
Essay (60%)
Write about the contributions of two individuals discussed in this course.
Which people should you choose?
Focus on their contributions and how they impacted our nation.
Some examples?
Write the names of five people you might write about in your final exam essay.