Download - Smarter Travel and Clean Air Benefits
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Smarter Travel and Clean Air Benefits
Clean Air Conference
28 September 2015
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Sustainable Transport Martin Diskin, Principal Officer
•Smarter Travel Initiative
•Climate and Energy Policy for Transport
•Freight Policy
•All underpinned by Smarter Travel Policy http://www.dttas.ie/public-transport/publications/english/smarter-travel-ptst-future-new-transport-policy-ireland-2009
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Smarter Travel
• Policy, published in 2009, provides overarching framework for sustainable transport to 2020 - 49 Actions
• 5 Key Goals
• Reduce overall travel demand
• Maximise efficiency of the transport network
• Reduce reliance on fossil fuels
• Reduce transport emissions
• Improve accessibility to transport
Good progress made but more to do. Review of policy underway.
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Transport Pollutants – Overview Emissions from transport represent a significant air quality threat - impacts on Health, Climate and Environment
• NOx are nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) - Emitted during fuel combustion – Transport sector most significant contributor e.g. mainly from diesel cars.
• Non methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) – Some from road transport
• Carbon monoxide (CO) – Transport is a significant source of CO
• Sulphur dioxide (SO2) - SO2 is mainly emitted through the combustion of fuels containing sulphur – Maritime transport
• Particulate matter (PM) - PM is emitted directly or forms from emissions of SO2, NOx, NH3 and NMVOCs – Transport is a significant source of PMs.
• EEA data indicate a decrease in emissions of most pollutants between 2003 and 2012.
• Of all sectors, the transport sector achieved the highest
reductions in CO (61%), NMVOC (63%) and NOx (34%).
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Transport and Climate GHG Emissions Profile
(1st Increase in Transport in 5yrs)
Two Pillar Approach
(ETS and Non-ETS)
Non-ETS 73%
ETS 27%
Agriculture and Transport accounts for 70.5% of Non-ETS
Energy 19.6%
Industry 15.4%
Transport 19.1%
Residential 11.1%
Agriculture 32.3%
Waste 2.5 %
2013
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Transport Policy – Influencing Factors Climate Change - Level of Ambition – EU and Ireland
(Compared to 1990 levels – unless otherwise stated)
By 2020/2030 2009 Effort Sharing Decision -
20% GHG emissions reduction for Ireland in non ETS (relative to 2005 levels)
GHG Emissions - carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases
October 2014, European Council endorsed binding EU target of at least 40% reduction in GHG emission by 2030
By 2050 National policy - Aggregate
reduction in CO2 emissions of at least 80% in electricity generation, built environment and transport sectors
In parallel, carbon neutrality in agriculture and land-use sector, including forestry
Focus is on carbon reduction
2011 EU White Paper on Transport - 60% CO2 reduction in this sector by 2050
Ultimate Goal – Decarbonisation
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Policy and Legislation
• EU and Ireland – Low carbon strategy
• Smarter Travel Policy – Reducing travel demand, encouraging modal shift, improving efficiency of network
• Legislation related to pollutants from transport sector:
• Euro 5 and Euro 6 Regulation
• Directive on clean and energy-efficient vehicles
• Directive on volatile organic compounds from petrol
• Directive on the sulphur content of certain fuels
• Directive on alternative fuels infrastructure for transport
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Measures Impacting on Clean Air
• Key measures are: • Reducing congestion and supporting modal shift - investment in
public transport, walking and cycling
• Vehicle standards and fuel efficiency - motor tax and VRT
• Demand management
• Energy efficiency
• Alternative Fuels including Biofuels
• Existing Taxation/Fiscal Measures – NG Excise Duty/Accelerated Capital Allowances/EV Grant
• Policy Measures – Supporting switch to natural gas and EVs
• Infrastructure – Good network or recharging points for EVs, new CNG refuelling stations under construction
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Our Plans – Incorporating new and existing measures
• National Mitigation Plan – Transport Contribution
• Early Stakeholder Engagement 2014, Information Exchange 2015
• Developing measures that will contribute to cost effective carbon emissions reductions in Transport
• Climate Action and Low Carbon Development Bill
• National Policy Framework on the Development of Alternative Fuels Infrastructure for Transport in Ireland
• Directive 2014/94/EU
• Significant Implications for Air Quality
• Transposition date 18 November 2016
• Initial Consultation - September to November 2015
• SEA and AA
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Alternative Fuels Directive and Policy Framework • Establish targets for the build-up and coverage of
alternative fuels infrastructure for transport.
• Purpose – To provide certainty to the market, to facilitate reduction in oil dependency, to reduce emissions
• Alternative Fuel Options - electricity, hydrogen, and natural gas, in the forms of biogas, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), or gas-to-liquid (GTL), and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
• Electricity is considered a reasonable choice for private car fleet – zero emissions, renewable electricity
• Natural gas could provide good interim solution for larger vehicles i.e. large buses and HGVs.
• CNG offers natural pathway to renewables such as biomethane
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What can DTTAS do to support Clean Air Strategy
• Keep clean air principles at the heart of transport policy
• Continue cross sectoral engagement
• Ensure carbon reduction measures do not have air quality implications
• Remain open to ideas
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Your thoughts on…..
• Car fleet – Reduced Carbon Vs Diesalisation
• Alternative fuels – how best to support the ‘best’ fuels?
• Dublin – Congestion charge Vs low emissions zone?
• How far can we tax consumers?
• What do you think would be the most cost effective clean air solutions for transport?
What do you think?
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Always open to ideas and questions…..
Contact
Martin Diskin
Sustainable Transport Division
Department of Transport, Tourism
and Sport
Leeson Lane
Dublin 2
01-6043411