Download - Small Scale Solar Energy
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Small Scale Solar Energy
Nov 30, 2011
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SkyFire Energy Inc
• Alberta based energy company with 7 employees in Calgary and 3 in Toronto.
•Greater proven energy reserves than all the fossil fuel companies in Alberta combined.
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SkyFire Energy Inc• We have been installing for over 10
years in Western Canada• CanSIA certified solar thermal installers
on staff• CanSIA/Seneca College Photovoltaic
Technicians on staff• Hundreds of installs across Canada• Sizes of systems have been increasing
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Ranking of Major Cities Worldwide in Terms of Yearly PV Potential
City Yearly PV Potential (kWh/kW) Cairo, Egypt 1635 Los Angeles, USA 1485 Sydney, Australia 1343 Calgary, Alberta 1292 Edmonton, Alberta 1245 Washington, DC., USA 1133 Tokyo, Japan 885 Berlin, Germany 848 London, England 728 Source: Natural Resources Canada
Alberta Solar Potential
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World annual total energy consumption 82 BBL
171.3
39.5
163.2
512.7
Alberta Energy ReservesBillion Barrels of Oil
Equivalent
Oil reserves
Gas Reserves
Coal Reserves
Solar Potential in 1 yr on Land
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Source: Alberta Utilities Commission
Jan-
09
Apr-0
9
Jul-0
9
Oct
-09
Jan-
10
Apr-1
0
Jul-1
0
Oct
-10
Jan-
11
Apr-1
1
Jul-1
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
PV Growth in Alberta
AB SitesAB Capacity kW
Capaci
ty k
W,
# o
f S
ites
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Source: Alberta Utilities Commission, OPA
Jan-
09
May
-09
Sep-
09
Jan-
10
May
-10
Sep-
10
Jan-
11
May
-11
Sep-
110
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
PV Growth in Alberta and Ontario
AB SitesAB Capacity kWON MicroFIT SitesON MicroFIT Capacity
Capaci
ty k
W,
# o
f S
ites
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What is driving the growth?Alberta Micro Connect policy• All wire owners must allow grid tie PV
systems• Retail rate compensation for export• Retail rate is going up
• Moving 30 day average: $0.159 Sept 16, 2011
• CCS will double or triple the cost of electricity in Alberta at the $200-$300 per ton prediction
• Albertan’s have money to invest• Medicine Hat
• Hat Smart $1000 grant for PV systems• Edmonton
• Looking at a FIT program• Enmax
• Solar rental program for EasyMax customers
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What is driving the growth?
Retail prices of photovoltaic systems are dropping
2001 600 watt array $12,000 $20/ watt
2005 1952 watt array $20,000$10/watt
2011 2000 Watt array $10,500$5/watt
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What is holding Alberta Back?
• No incentive programs• Lack of public awareness• Provincial government favors
other solutions to carbon issues• Up front cost of PV and ST system• Low cost of energy: both gas and
electricity
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Grid Parity
We are near grid parity:
4000 watts x $5.00 per watt $20,000-------------------------------------------- = ------------ = $0.129/kWhr4 kw x 1292 kWhr/kw/yr x 30 yrs 155,040 kWhr
Current retail rates are $0.07- $0.12 plus T&D in AlbertaExpect a doubling or tripling of retail rates with CCS at $200-$300/tonne
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Active Solar Energy
• Electricity• Photovoltaic
Modules(aka panels)
• Water Heating• Solar Thermal
Collectors
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SOLAR PATHFINDER PLOT Determines Solar Resource
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Solar Array
South
Downtown Energy Center
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Basic grid-tied system
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• One inverter per module instead of one inverter per array of modules
• Advantages– Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) per module
maximizes output of system and limits effects of shading
– Cost is less for smaller systems– Monitoring system– Allows for modular systems - Start small and add
later!– 15 year warranty (Standard for string inverters is
10)
• Disadvantages– Higher cost for larger systems– Demand is high– Newer product; not as proven
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What is Happening in Alberta?
Lacombe High School
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• Residential grid –tied system, Calgary• 2000 watt system• 10 x Sanyo 200 watt modules• Fronius 2000 watt inverter
Typical Residential Array
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• Residential grid –tied system, Calgary• Net Zero house – 5.33kW grid – tied
system• 26 x 205 watt modules• 26 x Enphase Micro-inverters- Minimize effects of shading
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Skyfire Standoff Rental Standoff
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GROUND MOUNT SOLAR INSTALLATION MILLERVILLE, AB
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GROUND MOUNT SOLAR INSTALLATION JASPER, AB
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Commercial Photovoltaic Installations
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Commercial Grid –tied systemIronwood Building Systems
• 4.68 kW grid-tied system• 24 x Sanyo HIT 195 Watt modules• SMA Sunny Boy 5000 Watt inverter
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Grande Cache Correctional Facility
• 13.5 kW grid-tied system
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City of Calgary Municipal Building
• 1.02 kW Grid-tied system
• 1800U Sunny Boy inverter
• Kiosk
• Internet monitoring device
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MNC Geomatics Ltd.
• 5.2 kW grid-tied system• 26 - Canadian Solar Inc. 200 Watt modules• SMA Sunny Boy 6000 Watt inverter
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OCCE – Penticton, BC – 260kW• Largest System in Western Canada• Rack – 6 different types, angles used• 1106 x Conergy 235 watt modules• 2 x Satcon Solstice 100kW inverters, 12 x MPPT combiners
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Other PV applications
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Solar Thermal Systems
• Solar hot water heating– Evacuated tube, unglazed flat-plate,
glazed flat-plate, batch– Applications
• Solar air heating– For ventilation– Recirculating space heating
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ENERGY SAVINGS IN CANADASolar Domestic Hot Water
Enerworks Inc
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Solar DHW vs. Space Heating
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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Heat
DHW
Solar
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EnerWorks Solar Water Heating Appliance
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Solar Thermal- Calgary
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Jayman Ascent Condo - Calgary40 collector commercial EnerWorks system
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Things to WatchIs Installer CanSIA Certified
TrainingExperienceCode of Ethics
Certified EquipmentAll plumbing and electrical equipment must be
listed by
CSA, Ulc or acceptable body
Copper Pipe and high temp. insulation (SDHW)Solar thermal temperatures can reach 400 F (204 C)
Roof PenetrationsRubber flashing or metal gum cupCorrect sealants
Panel Placement Limit shading (Including self shading)
DesignInvolve solar contractor in early stages of project
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KELLY HOUSE SOLAR SYSTEMS
42 watt modules
For lighting system
24 x 82 watt modules
Grid Tie System
2 SunEarth EC-32 Solar Collectors for Hot Water
30 Watt module
for glycol pumpLED porch light module
LED strip light
Skylight
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Questions?www.SkyFireEnergy.com | 403-251-0668