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TITTLE:
IMPROVING SOIL
QUALITY BY USING
VARIOUS ORGANIC
SUBSTANCES
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Supervisor 1 :
Sir Shahrul Nidzam B. Rozali/ Madam Nor Diana Bt Mohamad
Supervisor 2:
Madam Norhayati Bt. Ibrahim
Group members:
Muhammad Nazmi B. Mohd Najib
(2009468594)
Muhammad Amir B. Abd Latif
(2009643434)
Muhammad Hanifur Rahman B. Awang
(2008316697)Nurliyana Bt. Razman
(2009822606)
Khairunnisa Bt. Shaharuddin
(2009661406)
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Fertilizer is a substance intended to improve the quality of a
plants growth.
Improve the biodiversity and long-term productivity of soil.Retain soil moisture and reducing the stress due to temporary
moisture stress.
Fertilizer contains ammonia.
Provide macronutrients and micronutrients to plants, such as
potassium, calcium, carbon, chlorine, etc.
The example of the materials we use are tea herb, coconut
husk, bagasse, rice and organic fertilizer.
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Plant requires fertilizer to give healthy, beautiful
plants. Nowadays, most fertilizers are made up
from chemical-based compound, which are
harmful not only to organism itself, butenvironment too
The effect can be devastating such as
extermination of aquatic plants, damaged plants,
over production of nitrogen gas from grounds to
make soil less fertile
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To determine which organic substances
can improve the quality of soil.
To measure the period of time on the
effects of organic substances toward
the plants.
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Can not obtain the sunlight in laboratory
for growth of plant.
Can not measure the exactly amount of
nutrient in the soil as do not have enough
materials.
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2.0:
MATERIAL ANDMETHOD
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2.1:
MATERIALS
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Soil without nutrients(700gram)
Distilled water (50ml)
Pestel and mortar
Chillies plant
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Coconut husks Organic fertilizers
Bagasse
Rice Tea herbs
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Bird's eye chili belongs to Capsicum frutescens L.
Chilis, come in all shapes, sizes and colours rangingfrom tiny pointed extremely hot, birds eye chili to the
large mild fleshy peppers like the anaheim.
There are several uses of chili such cooking and being
use for medicine(curing toothache).
BIRDS EYE CHILI
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TEA HERBS
Tea orCamellia sinensis, is known as a beverage
crop native to South East Asia. It is an evergreen plant with smooth, shiny, oval-
shaped leaves and small white flowers.
Camellia sinensis is an evergreen that is grown in hot
climates, prefers moist organic soil and is usually
found at high elevations.
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COCONUT HUSK
Coconut husks are the rough exterior shells of the
coconut. Coconut husk uses are primarily based around
enriching potting soil or providing an effective ground
covering around small plants in a garden setting.
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BAGASSE
Bagasse is the fibrous residue remaining after
crushing/shredding sugarcane and washing the sugar outof it.
Sugar cane is a readily renewable resource, grown
extensively in a number of developing countries.
It provides an environmentally sustainable alternative to
traditional plastic and paper food service and packaging
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RICE
Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or
Oryza glaberrima. A traditional food plant especially in East and South Asia,
the Middle East, Latin America, and the West Indies.
Rice can be grown practically anywhere, even on a steep
hill or mountain.
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ORGANIC FERTILIZER
An organic fertilizer refers to a soil amendment derived
from natural sources that guarantees, at least, theminimum percentages of nitrogen, phosphate, and
potash(potassium in water-soluble form).
Organic Fertilizer is non-toxic, biodegradable and does
not contain any harmful chemicals.
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SOIL(WITHOUT NUTRIENT)
Soil is rock in its final state of decay. After millions of years
of weathering it has broken down to fine mineral particles. Water, wind, movement, chemical action and varying
temperatures act on the rock dividing it into smaller and
smaller particles.
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2.2:
METHODOLOGY
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6 pots contain 700g of soil in each pot is prepared
Then, the soil in each pot is mixed
with different types of organic
substances (50 grams)Pot 1:
rice
Pot2:
baggase Pot3: tea
herbs
Pot4:
coconut
husks
Pot5:
organic
fertiliser
Chillies plant is planted in the pot, it is watered once a day.
It is observed for 10 days
Pot6:
controller
Initial and final number of leaves , and height of the plants are measured and
recorded
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Type ofOrganic
Compound
(Fertilizer) /
Height per
Period (cm)
1 2 3 4
Baggase 0 2 -1 -1
Rice 0 6.2 9.5 -7.5
Coconut Husk 0 2 -1.8 -8
Tea 0 1.7 -2.2 -5.5
Plant Organic
Fertilizer
0 1 -1.4 -3
Controller 0 2 0 -1
Table .1 Type ofOrganic Compound used as Fertilizer and Height per
Period (cm)
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Graph .1 Type ofOrganic Compound (Fertilizer) and Height per
Period (cm)
Period
Height ofPlantType of
Organic
Compound
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Plant that shown the highest is plant with
rice. Plant that shown the lowest is plant with
tea.
Limited access of light source, airflow, theenvironment and service.
Extensive care needed to succeed to
project.
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Bagasse contain a nitrogen that is
necessary for plant growth and
development.
Tea herbs provide a wealth of nutrient and
trace minerals for growing plants.
Coconut husks that have an excellent
mineral as a fertilizer could helps growth of
seedlings more better.
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Rice that enrich with many component
such as carbohydrates, phosphorus, fiber,
potassium and others is good as a organic
fertilizer.
Organic fertilizers is low in nitrogen but still
high in phosphorus and potassium that
great for plant growth.
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Rice is most suitable for used as organic
compound.
Given more adequate necessary needs for
plant growth will boost its height, number
of leaves and bigger leaves.
Appropriate places to live and well-flow air
movement increase efficiency of organiccompounds as fertilizer.
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Web page:
http://www.sunflowernsa.com/all-
about/history/
http://www.greenthumbarticles.com/article/
Life-Cycle-of-A-Sunflower-Plant-
a2698.htmlhttp://www.theflowerexpert.com/content/m
ostpopularflowers/morepopularflowers/sun
flowerhttp://www.boh.com.my/ap01.html
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/12388/1/Genetic
_Variation.pdf
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Articles:
http://www.ehow.com/about_5068321_effects-fertilizer-
plants.htmlBooks:
Oxford Dictionary of Biology, Fifth edition,
Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford
OX2 6DP.The moral right of the author have been assserted.
Database right Oxford University Press (maker)
First published 1985 as A concise Dictionary of Biology
Second edition 1990
Third edition 1996
Fourth edition 2000
Fifth edition 2004
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THANK YOU...