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SilcoTek CorporationCoatings for inertness and
corrosion resistance
Information, Questions and where coatings are being used
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Topics
• Vision• Questions• The process and the coating• Products and Applications• Conclusion/Future Product Development
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Vision
• “Easy” Button for customers needing coating– Work together to identify repeat items– Have these items ready for customers to
order– Working with suppliers to figure out a
method for having product ready– Stock, Consignment, Drop shipping, etc.
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Questions
• What is the maximum tubing length that you can work with
– Straight lengths: 6 footers (Coat internal & external)
– Coiled tubing: Up to 2000 feet (Coat Internally)– Can coated coil tube be straightened to produce
20’ sticks?
• Is every valve sent to you disassembled?– Yes, the process temperatures would compromise
any lubricants and seals inside of the valves.– Also, to properly clean all the components
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Questions
• What is the time frame we can use to give to customers if we send a valve to get treated?– 10 days from the time of receipt– Is there enough demand to predict some repeat
items that can be stocked or consigned?– Can factory hold inventory? We’re trying on our
end.
• Is the process different now with the company name change or is it the same?– Same coatings and people– We will be more flexible now that we’re focused
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Questions• What is new with your company since the last time
you visited us?– We’ve become an independent company focused on
coatings– New brand names
• SilcoNert for inertness (1000 and 2000)• Silcolloy for corrosion
– More people, 17 dedicated to customers & coatings
• Are the lubricants replaced after the parts are treated?– No
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Questions
• Where do you see industry going with these special materials and processes?– As the need for knowing what’s in streams
increases, there will be more demand• Sulfurs• Mercury• Ammonia• Corrosion• Low level alcohols and other impurities
– More methods specifying need for coatings– Working with suppliers to offer coated products as
stock items– Growing volume of NeSSi systems
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Questions
• Are there certain industries that are moving more quickly than others with the sulfinert process?– Refining, the most mature and familiar with the
coating: Rule 1118 coming– Concern for Mercury, gas wells– Power generation growing quickly (coal fired
power plant stack monitoring)– Off shore applications, can we provide the
inertness and corrosion resistance. Need 20’ sticks coated inside and outside
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Questions
• Is pressure and temperature affected when the part is treated?– Pressure ratings are still maintained– Maximum temperature rating of coating is
450C.– There are coatings that can be applied for
use up to 600C on stainless
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APPLICATION AREAS• SilcoNert: Inertness
(Silcosteel, Sulfinert/Siltek)– Sulfinert = SilcoNert 2000
• Silcolloy: Anti-Corrosion (Silcosteel-CR)
• SilcoKlean: Anti-Coking
(Silcosteel-AC)
• SilcoGuard: Ultra-High
Vacuum (Silcosteel-UHV)
MARKET AREAS
AnalyticalPharmaceuticalEnvironmental
PetrochemicalChemicalProcess
Automotive
Semiconductor/Research
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Brand Names
• SilcoNert 2000– Used to be Sulfinert and Siltek
• SilcoNert 1000– Used to be Silcosteel
• Silcolloy 1000– Used to be Silcosteel-CR
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Basic Manufacturing Process
• Receive items• Document – digital, customer contact• Clean
– Standard: caustic ultrasonic bath, 2 systems– Custom: solvation via other means
• Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Process– Vacuum– 400ºC– silicon-based deposition
• Clean• Document – digital, customer contact• Pack, ship
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Properties
• Max operating temp. – 450C: SilcoNert 2000– 600C: SilcoNert 1000; Silcolloy
• Hardness: Equivalent to stainless steel
• Thickness– SilcoNert 2000: 0.12 microns– Silcolloy 1000: 2 microns
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SilcoNert 2000 Properties
• Improves surface inertness by capping active sites.
• Needed when sulfurs are analyzed in the part-per-million level
• Performance down to 1 part-per-billion of hydrogen sulfide
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Coating Capabilities: Substrates
• Tubing:– 0.004” to 0.5” ID– 2000+ ft. continuous lengths
• Complex geometry parts (inside and out)– Fittings, valves, frits– Block manifolds, sample vessels – custom parts
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Sizes of reaction chambers• “Standard” vessels:
– 10” diameter cylinder w/ 48” height– 3” diameter cylinder w/ 72” height– 10” diameter cylinder w/ 18” height
• Large processing oven:– 27” diameter x 26” deep– 4’ diameter x 6’ deep
• Walk-in Oven:– 4 feet by 4 feet by 5 feet– 6 feet by 4 feet by 5 feet
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Substrates Which Coat Well
• 300 and 400 grade stainless steel
• High carbon steel
• Titanium
• Ceramics
• Borosilicate glass
• Inconel®
• Hastelloy®
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Substrates with Issues
• Nickel / Nickel plating• Aluminum*• Monel®• Copper• Brass• Gold and Silver plated components • Chrome Plated components• Magnesium• Elastomers• No Bases!
*heat-dependent
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Benefits of coating?
• Reduce loss of active compounds– Saves costs from re-testing
– Avoid false negatives because sulfur compounds can be quickly lost without coatings
– Sample stable from field to lab.
– Immediate response during process changes creates savings when used in feedback / feed forward monitors
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SilcoNert 2000 surface improves storage
• Reduces adsorption effects
• Improves analytical reliability
• Faster cycle times and
• increased accuracy – 17ppbv H2S Containment in 500ml Cylinders
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.61.8
2
0 1 2 3 6 7
Day
RR
F
(H2S
to
DM
S)
Coated/functionalized steel cylinders
Uncoated steel cylinders
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Sulfur Flow-through data
• 100’ 1/8” x .020” tubing• Standard seamless 316L• Electropolished 316L• Sulfinert® coated EP 316L
• 0.5ppmv methylmercaptan in Helium
• SCD detection• Data courtesy of Shell Research
Technology Centre, Amsterdam
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Effectiveness of coated transfer systems to reduce hold-up: Methyl Mercaptan
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Inertness: Mercury
• Mercury is growing concern in environment:– Coal fired power plants– Natural Gas
• CMMS (Continuous Mercury Monitoring System) manufacturers currently using SilcoTek technology with success to transfer mercury
• Starting to see need from well sampling firms, Halliburton, Schlumberger
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Mercury in oil and gas wells
• Mercury in oil and gas wells is common in many geographic areas.
• Mercury in these streams must be monitored to reduce damage to pump vanes and pipeline equipment.
• SilcoNert technology required to eliminate loss of mercury samples during testing.
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Mercury Adsorption by Stainless Steel
• 5 µg/m3 Hg Standard (5PPT)
• Spectra Gasses Inc.• 1 Gallon Sample Cylinder 1800psi DOT rated
• Swagelok Corp• NIST Traceable • Nominal Temp. 70°F• Test Cycle Day 0,7,19,50• Direct Interface Gas Sampling• Atomic Absorption Detector• SilcoNert 2000 treated Regulator and Tubing
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Mercury 50 Day StabilityChemisorption greatly reduced
Average Mercury Response Comparison of Stainless Steel vs. Silicon Functionalized Surfaces
01234567
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Days after fill
Ave
rag
e M
ercu
ry
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n (
ug
/m3 )
Untreated cylinders (n=2) Functionalized cylinders (n=2)
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Comparison of Hg Stability in 304SS vs.SilcoNert 2000 Coated Cylinders
Test Day Avg response
Loss vs. Day 0
Avg response
Loss vs. Day 0
304 SS
cylinders Functionalized
ug/m3 Silicon ug/m3
0 5.65 - 6.45 -
7 3.25 42% 6.1 5%
19 2.05 64% 6 7%
50 1 82% 5.8 10%
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Effect of moisture
• Hydrophobic silicon based coatings decrease adsorption of water
• Quicker removal of moisture • Components less susceptible to corrosion• Faster cycle times and increased accuracy
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Moisture Data• 1ppm moisture, 0.35slpm• Amount of time to equilibrate a 1ppm moisture
sample through 100 feet of dry tubing:– Commercial Seamless 316L tubing
• 180 minutes (96% equilibrated)– Electropolished Seamless 316L tubing:
• 60 minutes (98% equilibrated)– Functionalized a-silicon coated e-polished
seamless 316L tubing• 30 minutes (98% equilibrated)
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Wet-Up 50% faster response
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Moisture Data (cont)
• Time to dry 100’ tubing wetted with 1ppm of moisture when connected to a dry purge– Commercial Seamless 316L tubing:
• 175 minutes– Electropolished Seamless 316L tubing:
• 65 minutes– Functionalized a-silicon coated e-polished
seamless 316L tubing• 35 minutes
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Dry-Down 50% faster response
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SilcoNert 2000 Applications• International Society of Beverage
Technologists (ISBT): Fountain Carbon Dioxide Quality Guideline– Sulfurs contaminants
• Rule 1118: Control of Emissions from Refinery Flares– Sulfurs emissions
• Ethylene/Propylene feedstock testing– Sulfurs as catalyst poisons
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SilcoNert 2000 Applications• Exhaust gas testing, stack emissions testing
– Ammonia release as a result of injection
• Acid Rain Precursors– NOx and SOx compounds from coal fired plants
• Natural Gas well testing– Mercury and H2S Concentrations
• Clean Air Mercury Rule– Emissions of Mercury from Coal Fired plants
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SilcoNert 2000 Applications
• Water quality testing: Headspace + Purge & Trap systems– Moisture release and overall inert pathway
• EPA TO-15 method: Toxic organics– Create overall inert surface in stainless vessels
• Homeland Security– Chemical Warfare Agents– Explosive detection
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SilcolloyCorrosion Resistance
• Stainless steel surfaces susceptible to attack from substances such as chlorinated environments and acidic exhaust environments.
• Corrosion resistant deposition is a heavier amorphous silicon layer insoluble in hydrochloric acid and unaffected in salt water environments (marine applications)
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Corrosion Resistance studies:
• External Evaluation– Certified corrosion engineers (Matco)– Spectroscopic analysis– Mechanical testing– Electrochemical Cyclic Polarization in neutral,
acidic, alkaline– Atmospheric corrosion
• ASTM moisture condensation• Salt spray ASTM B117
– Stress corrosion cracking (MgCl2; ASTM G36)
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ASTM G48 B Data: Pitting and Crevice Corrosion
– 6% Ferric Chloride solution – 72hrs, 20ºC– Gasket wrap
Sample InitialWeight (g)
FinalWeight (g)
WeightLoss (g)
Weight Loss(g/m2)
Silcolloy Sample 17 10.4105 10.3710 0.0395 19
Silcolloy Sample 28 10.1256 10.0743 0.0513 25
Silcolloy Sample 47 10.1263 10.0742 0.0521 25
Bare Sample 27 10.0444 9.5655 0.4789 231
Bare Sample 34 10.1265 9.6923 0.4342 209
Bare Sample 37 10.1007 9.6276 0.4731 228
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ASTM G48 B (cont.)
• Bare 316L Stainless Steel coupon (left) showing severe crevice corrosion. Coated coupon shows light pitting
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ASTM B117 Data: Salt Spray
• 4000 hour exposure– 100 degree Fahrenheit– 3.5% by weight sodium chloride
• No effect on Silicon coating• Reproduces exposure to marine
environments.• Oil-in-water monitors/produced water
applications
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Silcolloy Advantages• Longer Life:
– Extend lifetimes of equipment exposed to corrosive environments
• Low Cost• Protection:
– Protection of high value equipment • Inert:
– Provide enhanced corrosion resistance to analytical equipment
– Maintain inert sample pathway– More inert than Inconel, Hastelloy, or glass. Ideal for
10ppm levels or higher• High Temperature:
– High temperature stability up to 1000c
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Silcolloy Applications
• Process streams• Process sampling• Continuous Emissions Monitoring Equipment• Automotive Exhaust• Semiconductor Gas transfer• Fasteners in Marine Environments• Off-shore drilling platform equipment• Produced water management
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Conclusions/Future• Continual process improvement and new product
development for coatings:– Improving the hardness of coatings– Improved corrosion resistant coatings– Hydrophobic surfaces for moisture sensitive
applications– Protection of high nickel alloys such as Hastelloy®
and Inconel®– Hydrogen embrittlement resistance. – New generation process systems on line in FY08
• Additional manufacturing capacity– New manufacturing facility!