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Sewage and EfuentTreatment
2-4 November 2002
Sen Moran
-The rst ew slides
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a! "ne# 2 November
2002"verview# $astewater Engineering
$astewater %hara&teristi&s
$astewater Treatment %onsiderations"verview# $astewater Treatment'lant esign
'h!si&al( %hemi&al and )iologi&al'ro&esses
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"verview# $astewaterEngineering
$astewater Treatment Wastewateris the water used b! a
&ommunit! %olle&ted and treated *rior to dis&harge Standards o treatment var! but are
generall! be&oming more stringentTreatment is a *ro&ess o removal o
smaller and smaller *arti&les
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"verview# $astewater
EngineeringSludge Treatment Sludgesare the *rodu&t o biologi&al
treatment o wastewater Sludges &om*rise solids ound inwastewater *lus organisms used in thetreatment *ro&ess
is*osal is a ma+or issue ,arious dis*osal te&hniues are used butea&h has advantages and disadvantages
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"verview# $astewater
Engineering$ater is*osal and .e-/se $astewater treatment generates a
Cleaned Water Stream %leaned water is oten dis&harged to
a larger bod! o water or dilution
lternativel!( &leaned water m! be re-used or irrigation or rarel! drin1ingwater *rodu&tion
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$astewater
%hara&teristi&s %hara&teristi&s are normall! estimated
b! em*iri&al methods
$astewater lows lows arise rom households( industr!(
inltration and storm 3ows lows are &onsidered in both
h!drauli& and *ro&ess design evels o treatment ma! var! or
di5erent 3owrates
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$astewater
%hara&teristi&s$astewater lowsThere is a variet! o methods or
estimating 3owrates 6owever there ma! be great variabilit!
in the a&tors whi&h a5e&t 3owratesrom region to region
i5erent multi*les o the r! $eatherlow will re&eive ea&h level otreatment
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$astewater
%hara&teristi&s$astewater %om*osition 7e! design issues#
Solids# densit!( *arti&le si8e( level o,olatile Sus*ended Solids
)io&hemi&al "9!gen emand
Tem*erature
mmoniaNutrient levels
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$astewater
%hara&teristi&s$astewater Treatment%onsiderations
"b+e&tive# to maintain or im*rove theualit! o the re&eiving bod! o water
Treatment stages#'reliminar!
'rimar!
Se&ondar!
Tertiar!
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$astewater
%hara&teristi&s%lassi&ation o Methods
'h!si&al
'ro&esses
%hemi&al
'ro&esses
)iologi&al
'ro&esses
S&reening
Sedimentation
iltration
're&i*itation
%hlorination
erobi&
naerobi&
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$astewater
%hara&teristi&s**li&abilit! and Sele&tion oMethods
i5erent *ro&esses are used to treatwastewater de*ending on the&ontaminants *resent
Similarl!( di5erent *ro&esses are usedto treat sludges( de*ending on theob+e&tive o treatment
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"verview# $astewaterTreatment 'lant esign
lowrate and Mass oading $astewater eed is not s*e&ied( thereore
the *lant must be able to treat whatever thewastewater &ontains 'lant design will ta1e a&&ount o histori&al
3ows and loadings( but must also be able todeal with e9*ansion
'lant must also be able to deal with a rangeo 3ow and load &onditions( *lus *ea1u*stream 3ow &onditions :eg storms;
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"verview# $astewaterTreatment 'lant esign
Sele&tion o esign lowrates omesti based on a 3ow *er headE9ltration# based on a ? o
the domesti& 3ow 'ea1ing a&tors# e*ends on si8e o
&ommunit!
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"verview# $astewaterTreatment 'lant esign
Sele&tion o esign lowrates /*stream low Eualisation
'lants are not normall! designed to treattotal *ea1 arisings
=nstead( h!drauli& &ontrols will dire&t3ows above *lant &a*abilities to storm
s!stem on larger wor1s
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"verview# $astewaterTreatment 'lant esign
Sele&tion o esign lowrates /*stream low Eualisation
/7 ma9imum 3ow to treatment *lant isdetermined b! ormula #
ormula @ 'ABEB=BCD0'B2E l>d
'@*o*ulation
A@average dail! &onsum*tion *er head l>h>dE@=ndustrial F &ommer&ial dis&harges to sewer l>d
=@inltration l>d
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"verview# $astewaterTreatment 'lant esign
Sele&tion o esign lowrates /*stream low Eualisation
or larger wor1s with storm tan1s( onl!Gull Treatment lowH :T; will re&eiveull treatment