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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Computer Associates International, Regional
Office Herndon, VA
Seth R. Takoch
AE Senior Thesis
Structural Option
April 15, 2003
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Presentation Outline
Background InformationExisting Structural ConditionsDesign CriteriaRedesignConstruction ManagementLighting DesignConclusions and RecommendationAcknowledgements
SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Location
15min. Off Beltway 35mins. Outside D.C
Wood Oak Dr.
Baseball Field
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Background Information
Function: Computer Associates Int. Regional Headquarters
Size: 233,000 sq. ft. – 6 floors
Rentable Office Space: 207,000 sq. ft.
Architectural Features:
•Precast Concrete Façade with Glass Curtain Wall
•Six Story Glass Enclosed Atrium
•Adjacent Day Care Facility
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Project Team
Owner – Computer Associates International Arcitect – Davis, Carter, Scott Structural Engineer – Smislova, Kehnemui, & Associates. General Contractor – Clark Construction Developer – Tishman Speyer Properties Mechanical – GHT Limited Plumbing – GHT Limited
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Existing Structure
Flat Slab ConstructionConcrete Structure
• 30’ x 30’ Bays• 9” Thick Slab Thickness• 10’ x 10’ x 5-1/2” Drop
Panels• 24” x 24” Conc. Columns
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Existing Structure
Wind Loads are Transferred by Diaphragm Action of Façade
Transferred to Framing by Tributary Area• 8 Frames N-S and 9 Frames E-W
Concrete Frames Resist Lateral Forces • Short and Long Frames
Floor Slab Adds Resistance due to Diaphragm Action
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Design Limitations
Old Code – BOCA 96 New Code – IBC 2000 Local Zoning Ordinances Similar Square Footage Minimal Architectural
Changes Floor-to-Floor Heights
LIVE LOADS PER IBC 2000
LOAD TYPE LOAD
ROOF ( RAIN ) 50 psf
ROOF ( SNOW ) HIGH ROOF 22 psf
ROOF (SNOW) LOW ROOF 30 psf
OFFICES, CUBICLES 50 psf
ASSEMBLY, STAIRS 100 psf
MECHANICAL 150 psf
CORRIDORS 80 psf
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Proposal
To Redesign a Feasible and Desirable Alternative Structural System and to Incorporate Construction Costs and Schedule Length Into My Solution
Time = Money …
Money = Time
$$$$
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Possible Faming Alternatives
Composite Steel Construction
Non-Composite Steel Construction
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Steel Construction
Code – IBC2000LRFD Analysis
• Parameters• 30’ x30’ Typical Bays• Fy = 50ksi ASTM A992 Steel• F’c = 3ksi• Normal Weight Concrete• Shear Studs - 3-1/2”high, ¾” diameter
(composite)• 22 gage Metal Deck
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Composite Steel Construction
Gravity Analysis – RAM • Determined Beam Sizes• Determined Column Sizes
2 Story Column Lengths 26’ – 28’ Tall• Ranging from W10’s to W12’s
Beam Sizes W12x14 Spaced at 6’ o.c.• Girders as Deep as a W21’s
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Non-Composite Construction
Gravity Analysis – RAM • Determined Beam Sizes• Determined Column Sizes
2 Story Column Lengths 26’ – 28’ Tall• Using W12’s
Beam Sizes W12x14 Spaced at 6’ o.c.• Girders as Deep as a W24’s
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Depth Comparison
Composite Steel
•Average – W12’s
•Critical Depth – W21
Non-Composite Steel
•Average – W12’s
•Critical Depth – W24
Advantage – Composite Steel Construction
Composite Saves 20 Tons
of Steel
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Lateral System
Shear Wall to Resist Lateral LoadingBased on Critical Wind Loading and
Torsion2 – 60’ Long Shear Walls
• Reinforced to Resist Forces• Deflection of h/400
A trium
S hear Wall #2
Shear W
all #1
C enter of Rigidity
A trium
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Design
Reinforcement Based on the Following Vn = (2f’c bd +
Avfyvd/s) Mn = Asfy (d-a/2)
Wall Floor ShearBendin
g
1#4 @ 12"
8 - #11
2#4 @ 12"
6 - #11
1 3#4 @ 12"
6 - #9
4#6 @ 12"
4 - #9
5#7 @ 12"
2 - #9
6#9 @ 12"
1 - #9
1#4 @ 12"
8 - #11
2#4 @ 12"
6 - #11
2 3#5 @ 12"
6 - #9
4#6 @ 12"
4 - #9
5#8 @ 12"
2 - #9
6#10 @
12"1 - #9
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Construction Management`
Address Two Main Issues
•Cost Comparison
•Project Duration
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Construction Management
Total Building Cost• D4 Cost
• Total = $27,678,667• 20-25% Accurate• Range of $34.6 million to $20.8 million • Not Very Accurate• $115.33 / sq. ft.
`
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Construction Management
Total Building Cost• Means Building Construction Cost Data
• Separate Estimates for Steel and Concrete• 10 -15% Accurate• More Precise Than D4• Steel Framing = $96.74 / sq.ft.• Concrete Frame = $98.45 / sq.ft. • Difference = $1.71 / sq.ft. = $410,400
`
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Construction Management
Cost Comparison• D4 Cost = $115.33/sq.ft. = $27,678,667• Means Steel = $96.74/sq.ft. = $23,217,600• Means Concrete = $98.45/sq.ft. =
$23,628,000• Percentage Savings Using Steel = 1.7%
Savings
`
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Construction Management
Scheduling• Means Data to Calculate Duration • Primavera Utilized to Schedule Sequences• Total Duration Steel Erection = 376days• Total Duration Concrete Placement = 847
days
`
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Construction Management`
After Scheduling Concrete – 260 Days
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Construction ManagementAfter Scheduling – 150 Days
`
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Construction Management
Savings• Advantage Composite Steel Construction
Time
• Advantage Composite Steel Construction
`
Composite Design is Considered One of the Most Economical Methods of Floor Construction for an Office Building
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Construction Management
Crane Sizing• On Site 3-1/2 Months• Tower Crane
• Placed Through Atrium• Liebherr 200HC• Hook Radius – 197ft.• Capacity – 5,070#• Satisfies Critical Lift of 3,000# @160ft.
`
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Lighting Design
Design of Lighting of Daycare Facility• Minimum Footcandles of 30fc• Fluorescent Luminaries• 120’ x 56’ Space to Illuminate• 2’ x 4’ Fixtures with 3” Louvers Spaced
on a 16’ x 8’ grid• Specification From Lithonia• Workplane of 2-1/2 ft.
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Lighting Design
Designed Using LuxiconRenderings on April 15, 2003
• At 9:00 am with Daylighting• At 1:30 pm with Daylighting• At 5:00 pm with Daylighting• Without Daylighting
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Lighting Design
9:00 am
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
At 1:30 pm
Lighting Design
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
At 5:00 pm
Lighting Design
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
• Without Daylighting
Lighting Design
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Lighting Design
The Lighting Design Meets Required Parameters of 30fc
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Conclusion
In Conclusion, Composite Steel Construction is a Better Alternative to Non-Composite Construction.
Composite Steel is a Viable Alternative to a Two-Way Flat Slab System
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Shout Outs’My Family
My Friends
The AE Student Body
The Entire AE Faculity
Smislova, Kehnemui, & Associates, P.A.
Computer Associates
The ‘U’
And All Of Those Out There That Stuck With Me
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SETH R. TAKOCH STRUCTURAL OPTION
Questions
?