Introducing AGFORWARD –a Project to advance Agroforestry in Europe
Paul J. Burgess1, Anil R. Graves1 , M. Bestman2, V. Bondesan3, C.Dupraz4,5, D. Freese6, A Guichaoua7 , T. Hartel8, J. Hermansen9, F. Herzog10, F. Liagre11, M. Lindner12, J. McAdam13, G. Moreno14, R. Mosquera Losada15, J. Palma16, A. Pantera17, P. Paris18, T. Plieninger19, L. Rakosy8, A. Rosati20, F. Sinclair21, J. Smith22, A. Vityi23, J. Watte24
Presentation at World Agroforestry Congress: Session 5.5Wednesday 12 February 2014
1 Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK45 2TT, UK2 Louis Bolk Instituut, Hoofdstraat 24, Driebergen Rijsenburg, 3972 LA, Netherlands3 Veneto Agricoltura, 14 Viale dell’Università, Legnaro, 33020, Italy 4 INRA, 147 Rue De L’Universite, Paris Cedex 07, 75338, France5 European Agroforestry Federation (EURAF), 14 Rue Pagès, Montpellier, 34070, France 6 BTU Cottbus, 1 Platz der Deutschen Einheit, Cottbus, 03046, Germany7 ACTA, 149 rue de Bercy, Paris, 75012, France8 Universitatea Babes Bolyai, 1 Mihail Kogalniceanu, Cluj-Napoca 400084, Romania9 Aarhus Universitet, 1 Nordre Ringgade, Aarhus 8000, Denmark10 Eidgenoessisches Volkswirtschaftsdepartment, Bundeshaus Ost, Bern, 3003, Switzerland11 AGROOF, 120 Impasse des 4 Vents, Anduze 30140, France12 European Forest Institute, 34 Torikatu, Joensuu, 80100, Finland13 Agrifood and Biosciences Institute, 18A Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX, UK14 Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas, Badajoz, 06006, Spain15 Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain16 Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA) of Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa, 1349-017, Portugal17 TEI Stereas Elladas, 3 KLM Palaias Ethnilis Odou, Lamia, 35100, Greece18 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), 7 Piazzale Aldo Moro, Roma, 00185, Italy19 University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Nørregade 10, 1165 Copenhagen K, Denmark20 Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, 82 Via Nazionale, Roma, 00184, Italy 21 ICRAF, U.N. Avenue Off Limuru Road, Gigiri, P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya 22 Organic Research Centre, Elm Farm, Hamstead Marshall, Newbury, Berkshire, RG20 0HR, UK23 NymE KKK Nonprofit Kft, 4 Bajcsy-Zs. Sopron, 9400, Hungary24 Wervel, 26 Edinburgstraat, Elsene, 1050, Belgium
A new partnership building on previous research
• Building on previous research, such as the Silvoarable Agroforestry for Europe SAFE (2001-2005) project, led by Christian Dupraz
• Launch of new project at Cranfield University, UK (21-22 January 2014)
Partners covering a range of agroclimatic zones
Participant organisation name
1. Cranfield University2. European Forest Institute3 Association de Coordination Technique Agricole 4 University of Santiago de Compostela5 TEI Stereas Elladas6 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique 7 Organic Research Centre8 BTU Cottbus9 Universidad de Extremadura10 Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Lisbon11 University of Copenhagen 12 Research Station FDEA-ART Zurich13 Wervel vzw14. Aarhus University15 Agri Food and Biosciences Institute16 Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in
Agricoltura17 Louis Bolk Institute18 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche19 NYME20 Universitatea Babes-Bolyai21 Veneto Agricoltura22 Agroof23 Assemblée Permanente des Chambres d’Agriculture24 Association Française d’AgroForesterie25 World Agroforestry Centre26 European Agroforestry Federation
Content
• Partnership building on previous research • Problem, aim and objectives• Participation• Preparing tools to allow scaling• Promotion
Agriculture: components of a farm system
Crop products
Solar radiation
Irrigation,FertilisersCultivation
Water and nutrients
Animal feed
Animal products
Wastes
Soil
Marketable benefitsof UK agriculture in 2007
Positive effect
Negative effect
Output of crops
Output of livestock
Other marketable services
Cost of inputs
Value added£10,218 million
£5,867 million
£8,516 million
£5,167 million
£1,002 million
DEFRA (2012)
Agriculture: components of a farm system
Crop products
Soil
Solar radiation
Irrigation,FertilisersCultivation
Water and nutrients
Animal feed
Animal products
Wastes
Methane,CO2
NH3
N2O
Nitrates, phosphates, pesticides
Loss of soil C
Biodiversityvalue Effect on
health
Soil erosion and salinity
Landscape value
Environmental benefits andcosts of UK agriculture 2007
Positive effect Negative effect
Climate change
Air (e.g. ammonia)
Water
Soil
Waste
Landscape & habitats
Biodiversity
Total
Net effect
Spencer et al. (2008)
£1,413 million
£656 million
£364 million
£9 million
£8 million
£2,450 million
£35 million
£854 million
£307 million
£1,196 million
£1,254 million
-10 0 100
10
2007
Value of non-provisioning ecosystem services (£ billion a-1)
Valu
e of
pro
visi
onin
g se
rvic
es (£
bi
llion
a-1
)Value of UK agriculture (2007)
-10 0 100
10
Value of non-provisioning ecosystem services (£ billion a-1)
Valu
e of
pro
visi
onin
g se
rvic
es (£
bi
llion
a-1
)Value of UK agriculture (2007)
-10 0 100
10
Value of non-provisioning ecosystem services (£ billion a-1)
Valu
e of
pro
visi
onin
g se
rvic
es (£
bi
llion
a-1
)Value of UK agriculture (2007)
-10 0 100
10
Value of non-provisioning ecosystem services (£ billion a-1)
Valu
e of
pro
visi
onin
g se
rvic
es (£
bi
llion
a-1
)
Agroforestry as a way of increasing the value of production whilst creating environmental benefits
Extensification
Classicalintensification
The analysis does not include change in asset values
Value of UK agriculture (2007)
Previous EU-funded research has highlighted resource efficiency gains from agroforestry (Graves et al. 2007)
-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4France Spain
Netherlands
Relative crop yield per hectare
Re
lati
ve
tre
e y
ield
pe
r h
ec
tare
A key hypothesis of AGFORWARD is that agroforestry, the integration of trees and shrubs with agriculture, can lead to a higher value of ecosystem services per hectare
than disaggregated agricultural and woodland systems.
EU targets
Agroforestry landscape - Staffordshire
• Improving competitiveness of EU agriculture whilst improving the environment
• Prevention of further loss to biodiversity• Reduction of EU greenhouse gas emissions• Greater resilience to climate change • Greater resilience to higher fuel prices• Reduce wildfire risk• Improving water quality• More coherent landscape protection
AGFORWARAGroFORestry that Will Advance Rural Development
Aim: to promote agroforestry practices in Europe that will advance rural development
WP4Agroforestry
for arablesystems
4. Promotion of agroforestry
3. Evaluating innovations
1. Context
WP6. Field- and farm-scale evaluation of innovations
WP1. Existing agroforestry systems in Europe
WP10 . Project Management
WP8. Agroforestrypolicy development
WP7. Landscape-scale evaluation of agroforestry
Project management
WP3Agroforestry
for high value tree systems
WP5Agroforestry for livestock systems
WP2Agroforestry systems of high natural and cultural value
2. Participatory Research and Development Networks
WP9. Dissemination
Four main components to project
1. To explain how agroforestry is described in existing EU land use and land use databases
Objective 1: To understand the context and extent of existing agroforestry systems in EuropeLead: Marcus Lindner, European Forest Institute
2. What can we learn from areas bordering Europe? (Fergus Sinclair, ICRAF)
Field-scale agroforestry
Farm-scale agroforestry
Tree component
Animal component
Crop
com
pone
nt
Agroforestryin arable systems
Arable
Crops and livestock with
high value trees
Agroforestry of high nature
and cultural value
Agroforestry in livestock systems
WP4
Livestock WP5 High value trees
WP3
WP2
Objective 2: to identify, develop and field-test agroforestry innovations in the field with participatory networks
The AGFORWARD project will focus on four sectors:WP2: existing agroforestry systems of high nature and cultural value (HNCV)WP3: integrating livestock and crops into high value tree systems WP4: agroforestry for arable systems andWP5 agroforestry for livestock systems.
WP4
High Nature and Cultural Value agroforestry systems (WP2)
lead: Gerardo Moreno
High Value Tree Systems (WP3)lead: Anastasia Pantera
Agroforestry for arable farmers (WP4)lead: Dirk Freese
Agroforestry for livestock systems (WP5)lead: John Hermansen
Woodland eggs and chickens
Flood plain recreational area, Milton Keynes
Woodland egg experiment Oxfordshire (2010)
Sheep production
• Woodland egg production• Welfare benefits for hens• Estimated to be 200 woodland
egg producers in UK
The aim is to have a range of stakeholder groups across the four sectors focused on innovations and improvements in practice
Objective 3: to evaluate innovative agroforestry designs and practices at a field and farm-scale (WP6) and at a landscape-scale (WP7)
WP6 Lead: Joao Palma (Lisbon University)Wp7 Lead: Tobias Pleininger (University of Copenhagen)
Development of existing field and farm- scale bio-economic models
• Yield-SAFE• Farm-SAFE• Hi-SAFE
Objective 4: to promote the wider adoption of appropriate agroforestry systems in Europe through policy development and dissemination (WP8, WP9).
WP8 Lead: Rosa Mosquera-Losada (USC)WP9: Lead: Fabien Liagre (AGROOF)
2nd European Agroforestry Federation Conference4-6 June 2014, Cottbus, Germany
Summary
• A new agroforestry project to help improve the competitiveness of EU agriculture whilst improving the environment
• Partnerships building on previous research• We are developing stakeholder groups with farmers
and advisors focused on specific sectors• Development of tools to allow scaling• Focus on policy work and sharing the results
Acknowledgement: Research sponsored by the European Commission FP7 Research Programme (2014-2017)
References
Defra (2012). Agriculture in the UK http://archive.defra.gov.uk/evidence/statistics/foodfarm/general/auk/latest/excel/
Graves, A.R., Burgess, P.J., Palma, J.H.N., Herzog, F., Moreno, G., Bertomeu, M., Dupraz, C., Liagre, F., Keesman, K., van der Werf, W. Koeffeman de Nooy, A. & van den Briel, J.P. (2007). Development and application of bio-economic modelling to compare silvoarable, arable and forestry systems in three European countries. Ecological Engineering 29: 434-449.
Spencer, I., Bann, C., Moran, D., McVittie, A., Lawrence, K., Caldwell, V. & Morris, J. (2008) Environmental Accounts for Agriculture. Project SFS0601. Final Report for Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs; Welsh Assembly Government; Scottish Government; Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (Northern Ireland). Available from: http://archive.defra.gov.uk/evidence/economics/foodfarm/reports/envacc/documents/Jacobs-fullreport.pdf (accessed 8 August 2012).
Partners: universities and groups working for farmers