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Sensory system tuning (filtering) and organization
All sensory systems are designed to extract information from the environmentSensory systems are usually selective
•Systems tend to focus on a range of what is available•Range tends to be restricted to what is “biologically meaningful”•Range is thus “tuned” based on the specificity of the ecological demands
•Tuning tends to have an “optimum” or “best” stimulus •Deviation from this “best” yields less than optimal sensitivity
Keep track of the origin of the tuning curve: it is behavioral or neural data.
Katydid killer auditory tuningParasitoid fly auditory tuning
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Optimum sensitivity does not necessarily mean “most meaningful”
VisionOlfaction
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Moth olfactory tuning:Concentration response function (receptor neurons) for different odors
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Moth olfactory tuning concentration response function (output)
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Detection threshold
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Air .0005ug .005ug .05ug .5ug 5ug
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Moth olfactory tuning:Concentration response function (behavioral)
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Increased sensitivity usually means increased neural representation in sensory array
Vision
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Olfaction
Increased sensitivity usually means increased neural representation in sensory array
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Moth olfactory tuningIncreased sensitivity usually means increased neural representation centrally
Male antennal lobe Female antennal lobe
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Increased sensitivity usually means increased neural representation centrallyRelative volume of somatosensory cortex devoted to area of skin
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Somatotopic integrity: maintains an organized representation
Central organization
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Retinotopic integrity of sensory input at the level of primary visual cortex
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Chemotopic integrity: maintains an organized representation of receptor type
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Chemotopic integrity: maintains an organized representation of receptor type
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Types of sensory systems found in nature
1. Chemical senses• Olfaction• Taste
2. Vision 3. Auditory4. Vestibular 5. Somatosensory
• Proprioception• Nociception• Mechanosensation• Thermosensation
6. Magnosensation • Electromagnosensation• Geomagnosensation
7. Geosensation