Download - Semantic technologies and Interoperability
![Page 1: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Semantic Technologies for Data Integration and
Service Interoperability
Emanuele Della Valle DEIB - Politecnico di Milano http://emanueledellavalle.org
Comitato Italo-Svizzero per la Geoinformatica Como, 30-31.10.2014
![Page 2: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Once upon a time … …, in an happy organization, users were happy of the application the IT department prepared for them, but …
application
[…]
… the organization was not alone. Another organization developed a complementary application …
complementary application
[…]
… so, one day, the two organizations decided to integrate the two applications.
Organizational boundaries
application
[…]
complementary application
[…]
Organizational boundaries
application
[…]
?
Having much to gain the happy organization decided to invest in a bi-lateral solution
complementary application
[…]
Organizational boundaries
application
[…]
adapter !
E. Della Valle
![Page 3: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
… and this went on for a while, but …
[…]
!
… the more bi-lateral integrations, the sadder the organizations became.
[…]
[…]
[…]
[…]
[…]
[…]
!
!
! !
! !
!
! !
? ! ?
! ?
! OK !! Good !!! Very Good !?! Very Good … ?!? Have I done the right thing?
??? Does it make sence? ?#@ Why am I doying it!!!
Legend
E. Della Valle
![Page 4: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
… So, they standardized and … […]
[…]
[…]
[…]
[…]
[…]
[…]
… and they lived happily ever after! E. Della Valle
![Page 5: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Well, not really :-( Actually … […]
[…]
[…]
[…]
[…]
[…]
[…]
KEEP CALM
AND WAIT FOR 1 YEARS 10 100
E. Della Valle
![Page 6: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
E.g., Open Geospatial Consortium 20 years of activity more than 400 organizations 30 standards Standard 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 GML Geography Markup Language
v1.0
v2.0
v3.0
v3.1
v3.2
.1
WFS Web Feature Service
v1.0
V1.
1
V2.
0
WMS Web Map Service
v1
v1.1
v1.1
.1
v1.3
E. Della Valle
![Page 7: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Why? The Standardization dilemma!
Comprehensive Handles all use cases
Good High quality
Timely Completed quickly
E. Della Valle
![Page 8: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Standards are like plumbs There are a variety of them and …
E. Della Valle
![Page 9: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
standards are like plumbs … sometime the variety is required
E. Della Valle
![Page 10: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
standards are like plumbs … sometime it is an obstacle, thus …
E. Della Valle
![Page 11: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
standards are like plumbs … thus translation is needed
E. Della Valle
![Page 12: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Translation is unavoidable!
Com
preh
ensi
ve
0%
100%
Time
Standard
E. Della Valle
![Page 13: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
So What?!? “It is not necessarily the strongest of the species that survives nor the most intelligent, but the one that is most responsive to change.”
--- Charles Darwin
“The Origin of Species”
E. Della Valle
![Page 14: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Semantic Technologies embrace change
subject object property
Proposing a simple data model: RDF E.g., Flexible enough to represent: Tables
Italy Switzerland bordersOn
Trees Graphs
E. Della Valle
![Page 15: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Providing a powerful query language: SPARQL E.g., what does Italy border on? ?x={Switzerland, Austria, Vatican, San Marino, France and Slovenia} Flexible enough to query RDF data even without knowing the schema E.g., can you describe Italy? ?p={bordersOn} ?x={Switzerland, Austria, Vatican, …} ?p={hasCapital} ?x={Rome} ?p={timeZone} ?x={UTC+1} …
Semantic Technologies embrace change
Italian border ?x
bordersOn
Italy ?x ?p
E. Della Valle
![Page 16: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Providing a formal language for conceptual modelling: OWL E.g., Corine Land Covers Types OWL is a modular standard that offers different trade-offs OWL-QL OWL-RL OWL-EL
Semantic Technologies embrace change
Artificial areas
Inland Water
Semi-natural Vegetation
Forest Land
Terms Data
Terms
Data Terms
Data
E. Della Valle
![Page 17: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Semantic Technologies embrace change
Standard in OWL
[…]
Ontology Based Data Access as a prototypical solution to interoperability problems
<XML>
Translator Translator Translator
E. Della Valle
![Page 18: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Semantic Technologies embrace change
Standard in OWL
[…]
SPARQL Queries
Ontology Based Data Access as a prototypical solution to interoperability problems
RDBMS <XML>
Translator Translator Translator
E. Della Valle
![Page 19: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Semantic Technologies embrace change
Standard in OWL
Results { , , }
Ontology Based Data Access as a prototypical solution to interoperability problems
[…] RDBMS <XML>
Translator Translator Translator
E. Della Valle
![Page 20: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Those ideas at work on scale Google for "restaurants in nyc central park"
One model: Google knowledge graph Little spatial reasoning A variety of sources: • thecentralparkboathouse.com • viewmenu.com • opentable.com • plus.google.com
E. Della Valle
![Page 21: Semantic technologies and Interoperability](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042522/55d5775ebb61eb9f0d8b466c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Thank you! Any Question?
Emanuele Della Valle DEIB - Politecnico di Milano http://emanueledellavalle.org